Ethical Analysis #2 Nursing Issue/Dilemma

Nurses face dilemmas of an ethical nature on a regular basis. This effectively means that from time to time, nurses are called upon make ethical decisions -- decisions that could have a huge impact on the well-being of patients. One of the current ethical issues being faced by nurses is whether or not to lie to patients. Recently, it was revealed that psychiatrists and nurses caring for dementia patients were actively practicing what Williams (2013) refers to as "therapeutic lying" in an attempt to keep the said patients happy. As a matter of fact 98% of nurses, as William further points out, admitted to lying to dementia patients. The question that ought to be answered in this case is; should nurses withhold some potentially upsetting information about diseases that happen to be life-threatening?

B. Ethical Principles and Theories at Issue

The ethical principles at work in this case are nonmaleficence, fidelity, and paternalism. The ethical theories at work, on the other hand, are feminist theory and deontology.

C. How the Ethical Principles and Theories Conflict

It is important to note that while the principle of nonmaleficence and paternalism seem to be in support of "telling lies" to patients, the principle of fidelity flatly opposes such a move. Nonmaleficence, according to the American Medical Association -- ANA (2014), has got to do with avoidance of hurt or harm. It advocates for behaviors that do not cause others distress. On this front, telling patients the truth about the nature of their illness or other distressing...

For instance, an accident patient in the ICU could seek to know the whereabouts of the other individuals they were travelling with. Telling an inquisitive patient that someone close to them (i.e. their child) perished in the accident would appear unwise in this scenario. As per the principle of nonmaleficence, telling the patient the naked truth at this point would cause them great hurt, and could even compromise the recovery process. When it comes to the principle of paternalism, ANA (2014) points out that some of the typical decisions healthcare professionals make have got to do with the patient's diagnosis, therapy, as well as prognosis. In the author's own words, "based upon the health care professional's belief about what is in the best interests of the patient, he/she chooses to reveal or withhold patient information in these three important areas" (ANA, 2014). Thus as per this principle, telling the patient the truth in some instances, such as the one recounted above, may not be in the best interests of the patient. A nurse could therefore be forced to withhold the information about the death of a loved one until such a time when the patient will have recovered enough, and in a proper state of mind to receive such news.
Fidelity, according to ANA (2014), "requires loyalty, fairness, truthfulness, advocacy, and dedication" to those patients one is assigned to in the course of duty. Obviously, by lying to the patient, regardless of the reason behind telling the lie, one would be going against the spirit of this very principle.

When it…