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¶ … juvenile justice requires evidence-based interventions and corresponding policy. This intervention analysis research is rooted in antisocial potential theory, a subset of cognitive theories of criminality and social behavior. Antisocial potential theory suggests that at-risk populations, in this case youth, exhibit antisocial tendencies and that those tendencies can be mitigated via evidence-based interventions. The following annotated bibliography draws primarily from the disciplines of psychology and sociology, with a goal of informing evidence-based intervention policies and strategies. However, the research also includes empirical criminal justice research studies illustrating the relationship between juvenile psycho-social development and offender outcomes.
Baglivio, M., Wolff, K., Piquero, A., & Epps, N. (2015). The Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and Juvenile Offending Trajectories in a Juvenile Offender Sample. Journal Of Criminal Justice, 43(3), 229-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2015.04.012
This article approaches juvenile justice and intervention from a criminal justice perspective. Prior research has clearly shown that adverse childhood experiences and general trauma present one of the most profound risk factors predicting future delinquency, but also victimization. Using a large (64,000) sample size, the researchers identify and classify groups of juvenile offenders to show that specific factors influence patterns of criminal or deviant behavior. This research will be used to bolster my hypothesis.
2. Borduin, C., Dopp, A., & Taylor, E. (2013). Evidence-Based Interventions for Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders. An Evidence-Based Approach To Assessment And Treatment, 192-210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118320655.ch11
This article stresses the importance of developing effective interventions for at-risk youth and juveniles who have already committed offences. The theoretical stance is preventative, showing that intervention programs can reduce overall rates...
The study examines the outcomes of different intervention programs, including types of therapeutic interventions like multisystemic therapy and functional family therapy. The results of this study will be incorporated into my research, as I seek evidence-based treatment interventions specifically designed for juveniles.
3. DeLisi, M., & Vaughn, M. (2014). Foundation for a temperament-based theory of antisocial behavior and criminal justice system involvement. Journal Of Criminal Justice, 42(1), 10-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2013.11.001
Because my research focuses on antisocial potential theory, this research will prove instrumental in developing the criteria I will use for evaluation. This is one of the articles that focuses on antisocial personality disorder and related theories, linking psychology to criminology in critical ways. The authors find that two temperamental "constructs" evolve during childhood and adolescence, and that these constructs can determine issues related to self-regulation and behavior. Interventions that target these temperamental constructs (defined as effortful control and negative emotionality) would theoretically be more effective with at risk adolescents than other types of intervention.
4. Haegerich, T., Salerno, J., & Bottoms, B. (2013). Are the effects of juvenile offender stereotypes maximized or minimized by jury deliberation?.Psychology, Public Policy, And Law, 19(1), 81-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0027808
Although unrelated to antisocial potential theory, this article rounds out my discussion of juvenile criminology by exploring the role that juries play in determining the outcome of juvenile criminal trials. The effect of these trials on the adolescent and his or her community cannot be underestimated, and is related to the overall need to discover more effective ways of mitigating the potential for crime and antisocial behavior other than incarceration. This research shows that stereotyping can create significant bias among…
Focusing exclusively on sex offences, this article shows that victim empathy approaches are popular but that their efficacy has not been thoroughly proven in the literature. Although my research does not focus only on sex offences, this research will be instrumental in showing how treatment programs can and should be evaluated critically and on a continual basis, to ensure cost-effectiveness as well as overall efficacy. Moreover, the concept of victim empathy is one that can have some effects on certain populations, and could be shown to help juveniles who are at risk of developing antisocial behaviors.
10. Morin, S., Cruise, K., Hinz, H., Holloway, E., & Chapman, J. (2015). Content, Structure, and Usefulness of Juvenile Predisposition Psychological Evaluations. Child & Youth Care Forum, 44(6), 893-917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10566-015-9312-3
Because of my emphasis on the ways at-risk youth may be prone to antisocial behavior, this research will be critical to show support for my hypothesis. Also offering a dispositional point-of-view, this research shows that psychological evaluations taken at intake can influence outcomes and also influence recommendations offered by juvenile probation officers. To improve the overall quality of services delivered by the justice system, it is important to perform psychological evaluations that are evidence-based and interpret the results of those evaluations accordingly.
Juvenile Delinquency Impact of Poverty, Health Problems, Family Problems on Increase in Juvenile Delinquency? Juvenile delinquency and its causes have been studied extensively. Many factors that put adolescents at risk of becoming delinquent have been identified. The majority of youth who enter the child welfare system, and many of the youth who are caught up in the juvenile justice system have experienced abuse and neglect, dysfunctional home environments, destructive and inconsistent parenting
Studies indicate that "... A higher than average incidence of delinquency occurs among youngsters of the poorest social standing and with the lowest performance at school..." (Jarvelin et al., 1994, p. 230) Similarly, studies also note that neighborhood influences on development was determinant on factors such as "...collective socialization, peer-group influence, and institutional capacity." (Sampson, Morenoff & Gannon-Rowley, 2002. p 443) Generally studies like the above present a negative picture of
Juvenile Delinquent and Mental Disorders Analyze Empirical Maltreated youth and delinquent behaviors Maltreatment, Family and Childhood Peers and Adolescence Aging into Early Adulthood Crime risk and out-of-home care youth Juvenile Delinquent and Mental Disorders The transition of youth from adolescence to adulthood is usually a difficult and painful period. This is an even more difficult time for the youth who are removed from the home of biological parents to be placed into out-of-home care. For them, they not
In this view, the fact that underprivileged subcultures already promoted a different set of social values emphasizing "street smarts" and toughness instead of socially productive attributes and goals combined with the substitution of deviant role models for father figures is a significant source of criminal conduct, particularly in poor communities (Adler, Mueller & Laufer, 2008). Other modern sociological perspectives began reconsidering crime and other forms of socially deviant behavior as
Birth Order and Juvenile Delinquency Psychologists have long studied the effects of birth order on a person's personality. Sigmund Freud, for example, believed that "the position of a child in the family order is a factor of extreme importance in determining the shape of his later life" (cited in Sulloway 1996: 468n). The rest of social sciences, however, have been slower to accept such a sociobiological approach, preferring instead to explain social
VI. DURKHEIM'S ANOMIE Another theory in criminology is known as 'Durkheim's Anomie' which was conceived by Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist who first introduced the anomie in the work entitled: "The Division of Labor in Society" in which the anomie was utilized in provides a description of a "condition of deregulation that was occurring in society." (Criminological Theory, 2001) This anomie was used to describe how that the mores' of behavior