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These two factors then became the control variables in their study.
The findings revealed that a higher percentage of high school students in culture-of-honor states than in non-culture-of-honor states reported bringing a weapon to school at least one time in the previous month. The researchers then make the following hasty generalization based thereon: Since the deadly violence is done with weapons, the association between the culture and the bringing of weapons to school then supports the hypothesis that school violence might be greater in culture-of-honor states. In order to obtain a violence indicator that does not rely on self-reported behaviors, they conducted another study: Study 2.
Study 2 sought to answer the question whether or not culture-of-honor can predict "actual levels" of school violence. To obtain data for this portion, they researched case studies, government Websites, media reports, Internet databases; and, admittedly, since their analysis was sociocultural as opposed to idiographic, they "did not require the level of detail needed for in-depth case studies." In Study 2, they were able to obtain information about the shooters' backgrounds unlike in Study 1. Approximately 97% of the shooters were male with the aaerage age being 18.3 years. Where race could be determined, 37 were Caucasian, 12 black,...
Of the 108 prototypical shootings which occurred n the twenty year time span, exactly three times as many school shootings happened in culture-of-honor states. Even after multiple regression analyses which accounted for the states' populations and other variants, culture-of-honor remained a statistically significant predictor of shootings per capita. Furthermore, temperature, social composition, and economic insecurity were also predictors of violence in schools. Together, these studies confirm that there is a substantially increased risk of school violence in states classified as culture-of-honor states which may be the result of the hypothesis that school violence might be the product of long-term or recent experiences of "social marginalization, humiliation, rejection, or bullying" as all of these represent threats to one's honor.
Critique
In this era where school violence is on the rise and many times professionals and parents oftentimes wonder if there was a precursor or a sign that precipitated the violent event, studies like these have the potential to provide invaluable data for schools, families, and therapists to use in their assessment of whether or not a student should receive intervention services for fear of aggressive behavior. However, the utility of
School violence has become an increasingly important focus of study in recent years, precisely because of its apparently increasing prevalence in the United States today. Violence perpetrated by young children against other young children has never taken the epidemic levels it does today. Many scholars have made the central quest of their research to determine why this is the case and secondarily, how to prevent this phenomenon. And indeed, the
Violence in Public Schools The recent violence on school grounds (including elementary, middle school and high school violence) has created a climate of fear in American public schools, and the literature presented in this review relates to that fear and to the difficulty schools face in determining what students might be capable of mass killings on campus. Television coverage of school shootings leave the impression that there is more violence on
If school uniforms are implemented, universally the culture of the school becomes visibly white washed and some would argue that such a change does not prepare students for "real" life nor stress the value of individuality in such a way that students feel or respond to real social situations they may face as adults that include diverse appearances. Many also argue that though some students may benefit from structures
School Uniforms There are many reasons why school uniforms are common in countries outside of the United States, and are becoming more important in the United States. In other countries, it is believed that wearing a school uniform creates a "uniform" learning environment, meaning that the students are focused on the same things and there is order in the classroom. When the students do not think about what they look like
The researchers omitted the public sector data which had a positive correlation, and drew their conclusion from only the Catholic and private school sectors which had a negative correlation. Including the omitted data would have changed the overall conclusions. The authors warn against citing and using research that has methodological flaws. School Uniform Relation to Attendance A school uniform policy has been strongly suggested as a way to curb school violence
Several areas, if poorly designed, can lead to violent and criminal behavior, including parking lots, isolated spots on campus, locker rooms, and corridors. Often, violent behavior occurs in these areas when adults are not present (Astor, Meyer, and Behre, 1999, p. 3). Designing schools with more open areas, more planned classrooms, and a more defined perimeter can create a safer, less violent campus by creating a more functional and