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Security Standards & Least Privilege
Security Standards and Legislative Mandates
Industries are required by law to follow regulations to protect the privacy of information, do risk assessments, and set policies for internal control measures. Among these polices are: SOX, HIPAA, PCI DSS, and GLBA. Each of these regulations implements internal control of personal information for different industries. Where GLBA is for the way information is shared, all of them are for the safeguard of sensitive personal information.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) created new standards for corporate accountability in reporting responsibilities, accuracy of financial statements, interaction with auditors, and internal controls and procedures (Sarbanes-Oxley Essential Information). When audits are done to verify the validity of the financial statements, auditors must also verify the adequacy of the internal control and procedures. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is designed to protect personal health information held by covered entities and gives patients' rights with respect to that information (Understanding Health Information Privacy). The Privacy...
The Gramm Leach Bliley Act regulates financial institutions to explain how information is shared and requires the safeguarding of sensitive information (Gramm Leach Bliley Act). Payment Card Industry's Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) protects privacy rights and requires encryption of credit and debit cards for purchases (Brenner, 2007).
Regardless of the industry, safeguarding sensitive information for employees, customers, and financial data is required to be safeguarded by at least one regulation. That means that information systems are required to do risk assessments on an ongoing basis and risk management is responsible for internal controls and procedures.
Principles of Least Privilege
The principle of least privilege is the practice of limiting access to the minimal level that will allow normal functioning (principle of least privilege (POLP)). This means that the lowest levels of user rights are given based on what is needed to perform the job. Some operating systems have least privilege built in. Even if they do not, there…
Bibliography
Brenner. (2007). How Chevron Met the PCI DSS Deadline. Security Wire Daily News.
Gramm Leach Bliley Act. (n.d.). Retrieved from Bureau of Consumer Protection: http://business.ftc.gov/privacy-and-security/gramm-leach-bliley-act principle of least privilege (POLP). (n.d.). Retrieved from Search Security: http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/principle-of-least-privilege-POLP
Sarbanes-Oxley Essential Information. (n.d.). Retrieved from The Data Manager's Public Library: http://www.sox-online.com/basics.html
Tipton, K. & . (n.d.). Access Control Models. Retrieved from CC Cure.org: http://www.cccure.org/
Understanding Health Information Privacy. (n.d.). Retrieved from HHS.Gov: http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/understanding/index.html
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