Sociological Perspectives in Babel Babel, a hyperlink cinema masterpiece, is a 2006 film by Mexican director Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu and tells the story of four families through four different perspectives. Though these families appear to be unrelated through business or other social arrangement, it is a single object, a .270 Winchester M70 rifle, which unites their stories. Through this object, and the families presented, an analytical approach may be taken to explore the different sociological perspectives presented in the film.

The story is presented in a series of related events that take place in various parts of the world including Mexico, Morocco, and Japan. As it is revealed at the end of the film, it is the rifle given to a Moroccan hunting guide that links the four families through a series of tragic events. While on a hunting trip, Yasujiro Wataya of Japan gave the rifle to his guide, who in turn sold it to Abdullah and his family. While Abdullah has intended to use the rifle to protect his goats from predators such as jackals, he leaves the rifle with his sons, Yussef and Ahmed, while he goes into town to buy more supplies for his farm. Yussef and Ahmed do not realize the rifle's power, and to a degree doubt it. Since their father, Abdullah must go to town to fetch supplies, the brothers are left in charge of the goats on the farm and must take them out to graze, rifle in hand for protection. Though the rifle is intended to kill jackals that may attack their herd, Yussef and Ahmed decide to test the rifle's power as it has been purported that the rifle can shoot a target up to three kilometers away. As Yussef is a bad shot, his younger Ahmed takes...

Realizing that they have hit the bus, the brothers hurry back home, driving the goats back to the farm, and hiding the rifle in a nearby cave. Meanwhile, it is revealed that Susan Jones, on vacation with her husband Richard, has been shot aboard the tourist bus. The story then shifts to the Jones family, split between Morocco and the United States, and the struggle that they must overcome. Faced with the possibility of losing his wife to a "terrorist" attack in Morocco, Richard must find a way to care for his severely wounded wife without the luxury of readily available medicine, as well as ensure that his twin children, Debbie and Mike, back home are safe and are unaware of their mother's condition while in the care of their nanny, Amelia Barraza, an illegally employed Mexican citizen. Due to the unforeseen circumstance, Amelia is put in a position where she chooses to honor her family commitments and subsequently endangers the children she has taken care of for most of their lives (Inarittu).
There are three different sociological perspectives presented in the film, each to a varying degree of complexity. Functionalist theory explores society through the analysis of values, norms and beliefs and claims that society is a complex system of parts (Hughes 3). Functionalist theory also claims that change is disruptive and gradual. A prime example of this theory is the role that the individual plays within the group that they are in, whether they are a tourist, among peers, extended family, or within a nuclear family. Susan and Robert Jones are…