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Education Administration
Evolving judicial interpretation of employees' rights to due process have established for contemporary courts and state legislatures that termination of an educator is a property interest under the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. The 14th constitutional amendment states, "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws" ("U.S. Constitution," 2012). Salaries and wages are considered property, which means that termination of a contractual position for reasons related to performance must be subject to due process.
Due process entails the collection of documentation and statements that may provide information and data to support decision-making. Accordingly, statements would be taken in formal fact-finding sessions with the teacher, with the student's parents, and with staff members who may have been witness to behavior or actions that would substantiate or negate the charges being brought by the parents. This documentation would be subjected to triangulation in order to seek corroborating evidence in either a positive or negative direction. Moreover, the collection of information regarding the situation must be as complete as possible,...
The information collection process is iterative, and therefore, may require more than one round of gathering testimony and the like.
Implementation of Due Process
According to due process laws in most states, communication between administrators and teachers must take place on at least an annual basis. In the contracts negotiated between bargaining units and educators in most states and school districts, the stages and steps for conducting performance evaluations are specific and mandated. A component of the official performance evaluation is the identification of a set of standards to which the performance of educators is compared -- some districts refer to this as the Instructional Framework. Educators who do not meet these standards must have received notice that they have been found deficient in one or more areas, been provided with guidance as to how to improve, and given the time to improve before the next scheduled performance evaluation. School boards and bargaining units must be prepared to provide notice of their rationales and their intended actions; likewise, employees facing termination must also be given opportunity to defend their side of the issues. Due process in most states includes a predetermination hearing and while the school boards due have what is referred to as sole discretion over the actual decision to…
How Compellence by Indian and Pakistan has Prolonged the Kashmir Question Introduction The partition of British India into the two independent nations in August 1947 was intended to create coexisting, peaceful homelands for the Hindus and Sikhs in India and Moslems in Pakistan. Since that time, however, India and Pakistan have waged three shooting wars over the hotly disputed territories of Kashmir where each nation claims ownership. Today, an uneasy ceasefire exists
Taking No Action - the costs of this approach weight far more than the benefits Costs: immediate improvements are unlikely to occur; most of the hope for future advances lays in the responsibilities and capabilities of the Washington D.C. authorities; the problem might degenerate in the future Benefits: it requires no additional investments and no risks; short-term operational efficiency and productivity will not be affected as a result of organizational changes 3.
Erik Peterson Case Part I What problems are facing Erik Peterson? Internal Factors Organizational citizenship behavior (OCBs). One of the most significant problems that Peterson faced was the lack of communication throughout the CelluComm organization. A number of people were hired or placed in positions without the communication that would typically be expected. Peterson actually did not know who he reported to, so he was unclear on specific functions that he was responsible
If rejected, the subcontractor can at least feel that the choice was a fair one - that her or his organization was not perfectly suited to the job at hand. If selected; however, a potentially long-lasting relationship is created, one that is based on mutual trust, shared goals, and a feeling of true partnership. Methodology Numerous potential problems exist in the main contractor/subcontractor relationship. These problems range from subcontractors' lack of
Wicked Problem: Royal Dutch Shell and Its Response to the Nigerian Oil Spill Major oil companies such as Royal Dutch Shell are responsible for hundreds of oil spills every year that cumulatively involve millions of barrels of oil. The harmful effects of such oil spills on the environment is well documented of course, but less well documented are the different types and levels of responses that are used in response
Problem Solving Systems Thinking, Technology, and Organizational Change Models of Problem Solving Different Approaches to Problem Solving Brainstorming Risk Assessment Flow Charts Mind Mapping Identification of Complex Problem Analyzing the Problem Identification of a Range of Potential Solutions Constraints Evaluation of Potential Solutions Phase IV Evaluating Progress Implementation Process Risk Assessment Accelerating Change Formative and Summative Evaluation Values and Ethical Issues Values Corporate Responsibility and Ethics Thinking and Decision Making Strategies Problem Solving Process Complex Problem Solving This section of the paper is focusing on the introduction of complex problem solving, which reflects the