Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
Classifying Disorders
Disorders within the category
Behavioral criteria for the category
Possible causes
Prevalence
Anxiety disorders
Some of the major forms of the disorders include social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias and generalized anxiety disorder
Excessive worry or anxiety and difficulty in controlling the worry. The worry is associated with at least three of the following:
Lack of concentration, restlessness, fatigue, muscle tension, irritability, and sleep disturbance
May be caused by challenges related to one's brain function
Caused by changes in the brain structure in the areas that control anxiety
Possible causes are a combination of factors like environmental stress and changes in the brain
These disorders are the most common mental disorders in America affecting approximately 40 million people aged 18 and above (20% of the national population).
Occur as early as childhood.
Likely to occur more women than in men
Trauma- and stressor-related disorders
This is a new category comprising of combat neurosis, shell shock, post-traumatic stress disorder among others
Persistent re-experiencing of a traumatic event, exposure to a traumatic event, persistent avoidance of reminders of the event, increased arousal, distress, symptoms persist at least one month
Inherited mental health illness, life experiences like severity of trauma experienced in childhood, inherited personality components like temper
Overall prevalence is 12% with the highest rates recorded among criminals than non-criminals.
Bipolar and related disorders
Bipolar disorders are associated with changes in emotions depending on the phase of...
In the initial phase, the person has a loss of energy, despondent mood, concentration problems and feelings of guilt. Suicidal thoughts are common. In the advanced stages, the person becomes euphoric, loses concentration and ideas come too fast. Fear, anger, irritability and being out of control become overwhelming. Recklessness, impaired judgment, hallucinations, and delusions are experienced.
Bipolar 1 is characterized by major depressive episodes, Bipolar 11 is characterized by hypomania and Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) Bipolar is characterized by lack of a particular pattern.
One may show extremely unpredictable behavior: extremely happy or easily irritated.
One becomes restless, talks a lot more than usual, trouble when concentrating and reduced sleeping hours.
Neurotransmitters -- lack of balance in brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters.
Hormones -- presence of imbalanced hormones can trigger the disorders. This is also related to consumption of some drugs especially antidepressants.
Change is sleep routine may trigger this disorder.
Genetics -- the disorders is much common among people who have a blood relation with the condition.
Environmental factors -- the significant loss, abuse, stress or other traumatic events may play a role
It has a relatively small prevalence. The largest, biggest and well-designed epidemiological research reveals a prevalence rate of 5% in the American population.
Depressive disorders
Loss of interest, depressed mood, loss of pleasure in daily activities; impaired function (occupational, social and educational); mood represents changes from the victim's baseline
The most common type is major depression. Suicidal thoughts mark it, loss if interest in daily activities,…
Bipolar I disorder is an axis 1 clinical disorder in the DSM-IV and is a serious mental illness that can lead to suicidal ideation or action. The history of bipolar disorder research is a long one, and understanding of the disease has deepened considerably over the last several generations. Diagnosis of bipolar disorder 1 is complicated by its resemblance to other mood disorders, mainly major depression but also psychotic disorders
Diagnostic Statistical Manual Disorders Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Anxiety Disorders There is a large array of more specified disorder types within the general category of anxiety disorders, but which all share a common symptom of increased anxiety (429). These are comprised of not only Generalized Anxiety Disorder, but also Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Social Phobia, Acute Stress Disorder, Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder, and unspecified conditions that do not meet the conditions
This leaves many veterans prone to the condition known as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). This may be characterized as "an anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal in which grave physical harm occurred or was threatened. Traumatic events that may trigger PTSD include violent personal assaults, natural or human-caused disasters, accidents, or military combat." (NIMH, 1) in the particular case of this discussion,
32) The overall diagnostic and symptomatic patterns described by these points indicate that BPD is a serious disorder and is "...classified as a major personality disorder involving dramatic, emotional, or erratic behavior; intense, unstable moods and relationships; chronic anger; and substance abuse." (Boucher, 1999, p. 33) There are a number of criteria which, in line with DSM-IV, are used to identify and characterize this disorder. The first of these criteria refers
classical conditioning by Pavlov and its current use in treating anxiety The paper focuses on the development of classical conditioning being used, as suggested by Pavlov, in treating anxiety through using fear-induced techniques. The paper talks about the past experiments that were done on animals and human, those who were suffering from anxiety and those who weren't, and highlights how anxiety is treated through fear induced conditioning. Combination of neutral stimulus
Similarly, researchers should be aware of the consequences of halo, prejudice to the leniency or seriousness of fundamental trend and position or propinquity of deviation from the pace that can artificially increase reliability of measure devoid of improving reaction correctness or validity. (Williams, and Poijula, 2002). Limitations/Strength and Weaknesses The following conditions might have affected the results of the present study: 1. The sample will not be random, 2. all demographic information will