Tucson Bicycle and Pedestrian Program: Goals & Performance
This paper evaluates the Tucson Bicycle and Pedestrian Program, with a focus on the Sentinel Peak Road Review project. It examines the program's four core goals — network development, trip increase, safety improvement, and equity — against the SMART criteria (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound). The paper then assesses six performance measurements, including road safety assessments, traffic counts, speed studies, crash data, police incident reports, and a public survey, rating each against standards of meaningfulness, credibility, and practicality. Finally, it considers the relationship between the stated goals and the performance measures, concluding that the data collection methods are well-aligned with the program's objectives.
- Introduction: Overview of Tucson's Bicycle and Pedestrian Program
- Program Goals and Their Quality: SMART evaluation of four program goals
- Performance Measurements and Their Quality: Quality assessment of six performance measures
- Relationship Between Goals and Performance: Alignment between goals and measurement methods
- References: Cited sources for program evaluation
✍️ How to write this paper — guide, tools & examples ▾
What makes this paper effective
- Uses a structured analytical framework (SMART criteria) to evaluate goal quality, giving the assessment a clear and defensible basis.
- Applies a parallel evaluation framework (meaningful, credible, practical) to performance measurements, creating consistency across sections.
- Explicitly connects the performance measurements back to the program goals, demonstrating logical alignment between what is being measured and what the program intends to achieve.
Key academic technique demonstrated
The paper demonstrates the use of dual evaluation matrices — SMART criteria for goals and a three-part quality framework for performance measurements — presented as summary tables. This approach allows complex multi-factor assessments to be communicated efficiently and transparently, a technique commonly used in public administration and program evaluation writing.
Structure breakdown
The paper follows a logical three-part progression: (1) it introduces the program and its context, (2) it evaluates the quality of goals using SMART criteria with a supporting table, (3) it evaluates the quality of performance measures using a second table, and (4) it synthesizes both sections by analyzing the relationship between goals and measurements. This structure mirrors standard program evaluation reports, moving from objective-setting to measurement design to alignment analysis.
Introduction
Tucson's Bicycle and Pedestrian Program is part of the Tucson Department of Transportation, and the Sentinel Peak Road Review is one of its notable projects. Sentinel Peak Park, often known as "A" Mountain, is a park near Tucson, Arizona, featuring a single major road loop that runs up and over a low mountain. From a parking area at the summit, it offers multiple lookout spots over Tucson, making it a popular destination for walkers and cyclists (City of Tucson, 2020). There have been reports from park users and neighboring residents of unruly behavior, particularly concerns about speeding and crime in and near the park, as well as confrontations and accidents involving cars, cyclists, and pedestrians. As a result, this paper evaluates the program's goals and performance, including the quality of those goals and their associated performance measures.
Program Goals and Their Quality
The program has four goals: network, trips, safety, and equity. The first goal sought to establish extensive bicycle and pedestrian networks to connect people to their destinations. The second goal was to increase the number of trips made by cyclists and pedestrians. Both of these goals supported a third objective: to reduce the number and severity of collisions involving pedestrians and cyclists. Finally, the program aimed to prioritize high-need, underserved, and vulnerable populations in public engagement and infrastructure development (City of Tucson, 2020). These goals form the primary endeavors of the Tucson Bicycle and Pedestrian Program and represent the outcomes that residents of Tucson and users of Sentinel Peak Park should experience.
To determine the quality of these goals, they are evaluated against the SMART criteria, which require that quality goals be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound (Bjerke & Renger, 2017). As indicated in Table 1 below, the goals largely satisfy the SMART criteria and are therefore considered high quality. (Note: for the safety goal, it is assumed that the time dimension is continuous rather than fixed to a single endpoint, while for the equity goal, the time dimension corresponds to program completion.)
Table 1: SMART Analysis of the Program Goals
Network — Specific: Yes | Measurable: Yes | Achievable: Yes | Relevant: Yes | Time-bound: Yes
Trips — Specific: Yes | Measurable: Yes | Achievable: Yes | Relevant: Yes | Time-bound: Yes
Safety — Specific: Yes | Measurable: Yes | Achievable: Yes | Relevant: Yes | Time-bound: No
Equity — Specific: Yes | Measurable: Yes | Achievable: Yes | Relevant: Yes | Time-bound: Yes
Always verify citation format against your institution’s current style guide requirements.