Academic Profile of Home Schooling - a Case Study

Home Schooling vs. Traditional Educational Methods

Home Schooling Methodology

Focus of the Practicum

Culture

Area of Inquiry

Subject/Topic Areas

Home Schooling as an Alternative

Curricula and Materials Used for Home Schooling

The Success of Home Schooling

Evaluation Design

Conditions for Change

Timeline

Chronology

Legislative Information:

Maryland: A Legal Analysis

State Laws and Regulations - Maryland

Goulart and Travers vs. Calvert County

Home-schooled Kids Find Social Growth"

Home Schoolers in the Trenches"

Home School Academic Advantage Increases Over Time"

Home Schooling." ERIC Digest, Number 95.

Abstract

The Academic Profile of Home Schoolers

Case Study

The focus of this applied dissertation proposal is to examine and analyze home school families' academic environment, the institutional materials they use, and to gain an understanding of their academic success.

Prince George's County Public School System is the nineteenth largest school system in the nation with a…

Bibliography

Monticello, IL.

Buchanan, Jim (1984). Home Instruction: A Growing Alternative to Public Schools. Monticello, IL.

Lande, Nancy (2000). Home school Open House: Interviews with 55 Home schooling Families. Bozeman, MT

Waring, Bill and Diane (1999). Emerald Books: A look back on what they learned along the way by veteran home schooling parents of varying approaches.

The importance of a strong opening and closing, practicing, staying organized and focused and taking the stage with confidence are skills that I continue to apply in my class presentations.

At times my classes, especially the General Education classes, have been quite challenging. Having proven to myself that I have the intellectual capacity, discipline and drive to pass these classes, I am inspired and encouraged when presented with some of the challenges of life. A significant aspect of a college education is developing critical reasoning. It is not so much to memorize facts and figures, but to be able to penetrate ideas and concepts and extract their essence. Understanding the way mechanisms work is a sine-qua-non condition of gaining the ability to deconstruct ideas and theories and applying them to one's personal and professional life. It is through this kind of individualized approach, I believe, that higher education is particularly…

Academics, Athletics, And Good Moral Character

I am only seventeen years old, and yet, I feel that I have much more life experience than most of the kids my age. In addition to school, my life has been shaped by events such as domestic abuse, the death of a classmate and a strong mother whose influence, determination and hard work have given my life structure.

For the past four years, I have received an outstanding education from St. Ignatius, which places a premium on academics, athletics, and good moral character. I have learned a lot as a student at St. Ignatius and continue to work hard to hone my academic skills and improve my GPA. Senior year has been my most enjoyable so far, particularly in terms of my stimulating classes. Classes such as give class and give class have been particularly enjoyable for me, and I am looking forward…

It needs to be well understood because just like knowledge, ingorance cannot be talked about without basing on some individual or group. It should therfore be negotiated soically because it is socially constructed. Ignorance is treated indiscriminately and unitary whereby terms like uncertainity, ambiguity and vagueness are considered synonymous by most writing on disaster.Turner together with several other writers in the fields of disasters and hazards refer to about three ignorance senses consisting of distortion which he also calls misinformation, incompleteness and irrelevance whereby relevant information is discounted and overlooked. In order to prevent disasters, there are various ways in information which would be need is classified. The things which are not known; what is known but not entirely appreciated; something which someone knows but does not present it collectively with other information in a timely manner when there will be realization of its significance and action of its message…

References

Auf der Heide, E. (1989). Disaster Response: Principles of Preparation and Coordination. St.

Louis: C.R. Mosely.

Britton, N. (1999). Whither the emergency manager?" International Journal of Mass

Emergencies and Disaster, 17(3), 223-36.

I am amused when I remember my first dance lesson, and the pressure I felt until then because I was practically afraid of interacting with people I did not know. Gradually I learnt that my fear had not been justified and I even became a very sociable person thanks to the fact that I entered the world of break dancing. Not only did I learn how to dance consequent to having become accustomed with this new style of living, but I have also learnt how motivation can be a great helper in any situation. In addition to constantly improving my dance techniques, I also began to get better grades and to become more interested in accumulating information.

It is very probable that break dancing has also gotten me to apply and to be accepted at the University of California San Diego's California State Summer School for Mathematics and Science (COSMOS).…

Academic and Professional Development

A scholar-practitioner in clinical research administration is someone who can actively apply academic research to his or her mindful practice in the field and affect the lives of patients in a positive way and who can also use clinical knowledge, experience, and wisdom to inform his or her academic practice. In other words, he or she can enjoy 'the best of both worlds' and merge practice and theory. The practice of medicine is ultimately designed to help people in the real world, so there should always be a dialogue or permeable relationship between scholarship and research. The clinical research administrator embodies this ideal. I see this in my own work and also the work of others. One of the strengths of master's level research is that it enables a nurse to function both as a scholar and also to continue to work effectively in the field…

Academic Outcomes of Children With ADHD

ADHD Literature eview

Improving the Academic Outcomes of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Improving the Academic Outcomes of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2014) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition recognizable by attention deficits, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that manifest across multiple settings. The most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V) describes ADHD as consisting of inattention, and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity, severe enough to interfere with day-to-day functioning and development. Common symptoms of inattention include poor listening skills, frequent mistakes, disorganized, avoidance of mentally challenging tasks, distracted, and forgetful. Hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms include fidgeting, inappropriate physical activity, excessive talking, interrupting others, and an inability to play quietly. Children suffering from ADHD would therefore have a difficult time succeeding academically.

If ADHD were rare this would not be a significant…

References

CDC. (2013). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Data & statistics. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/data.html .

CDC. (2014). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Symptoms and diagnosis. Retrieved from  http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html .

Dang, M.T., Warrington, D., Tung, T., Baker, D., & Pan, R.J. (2007). A school-based approach to early identification and management of students with ADHD. Journal of School Nursing, 23(1), 2-12.

DuPaul, G., & Power, T.J. (2008). Improving school outcomes for students with ADHD: Using the right strategies in the context of the right relationships. Journal of Attention Disorders, 11(5), 519-21.

Working Disciplines

Education in today's institutions is fragmented. Attempts at holistic and comprehensive understanding tend to fall short of practical usage consistently and often tragically. The purpose of this paper is to explore the discipline of physical science and how it relates or doesn't relate to other disciplines that are found in current academic studies. In this essay I will explore the difficulties and shortcomings of educational attempts to correlate and ultimately make sense of multi-disciplined explanations and knowledge.

Humanity has been blessed with the ability to communicate complex ideas and artistic expression. The goal of education is to organize and utilize these forms of communication in order to practically improve the human condition. This appears to be a very difficult task. Physics is a discipline which focuses on the reactions of strictly material influences. This discipline attempts to explain physical forces and to predict their outcomes. Why then is…

DISCPLINE vs. Management

Compare Discipline and Management

Discipline in the classroom is often equated with punishment, although punishment is only one of the tools of discipline that can be used by a teacher. One common definition of discipline is "teaching others right from wrong" with "methods to prevent or respond to behavior problems so they do not occur" (Behavior management, Sage Publications, 5). Discipline's "most typical current meaning seems to be most associated with the notion of bringing children into line" (Allen 2010). In my own personal classroom vocabulary, I think of discipline as informing students of expected consequences, both good and bad, such as if a student turns in all of his homework on time he gets a sticker at the end of the week but if he does not he has to do an extra assignment. In other words, discipline is a way of dealing with problems and…

References

Allen, K.P. (2010). Classroom management, bullying, and teacher practices. The Professional

Educator, 34(1), 1-15.

Behavior management. Sage Publications. Retrieved from:

 http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/40497_1.pdf

A great deal of this is accomplished by serving others and thinking of others first, before oneself. Exerting responsible self-control by engaging in personal habits conducive to bodily health refers to an act that is partly commonsense and partly the act of treating one's body like a temple of the Holy Spirit. By being made in God's image, one truly needs to honor that belief and treat one's body as the sacred thing it is. Exhibiting mental and emotional maturity means treating oneself and others with respect and sensitivity and establishing clear boundaries in social and personal interactions. Exhibiting integrity in all of one's relationships refers not only to treating people with respect, but also being honest in word and deed.

Engaging in fidelity in marriage and celibacy in singleness are two rock bottom foundations for following the doctrines of the church and honoring oneself and one's relationship. Social responsibility…

References

Nyac.com. (n.d.). The Ministry of the Ordained. Retrieved May 18, 2012, from New York

Annual Conference:  http://www.nyac.com/pages/detail/1755 

Umc.org. (2011). Mission and Ministry. Retrieved May 18, 2012, from United Methodist

Church:

authors write, "History as academic historians write it today would be almost unrecognizable to scholars working even fifty years ago, let alone in a past that is a century, two centuries - or twenty centuries - old" (Howell and Prevenier 119). The American Heritage Dictionary defines history as "a narrative of events; a chronological record of events, or the branch of knowledge that records and analyzes past events" (A.H.D. palm). How, then, can one align the definition of history with a statement such as the one cited above?

One way would be to understand that the methods used by historians, to events of the past, are as different as the historians themselves.

Howell and Prevenier explain that this interpretational framework may include Historicism, a process attributed to Leopold von Ranke, or Positivism, as defined by August Comte. A different approach to history is found in the teleological view "expounded by…

Works Cited

American Heritage SII palm dictionary used for definition of History. 2003 model.

Aristotle. http://www.rcspych.ac.uk/college/sig/spirit/publications/powell_04_Sep_03.pdf..

Comte - Positivism. Fordham. Modern History Sourcebook: August Comte (1798-1857): A General View of Positivism.  http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/comte-positivism.html .

Howell, Martha and Walter Prevenier. From Reliable Sources: An Introduction to Historical Methods. New York: Cornell University Press.

(ehavior Management Themes, 2007)

The basic rights of teacher in their classrooms include: (1) the right to establish optimal learning environments; (2) the right to request and express appropriate behavior; and (3) the right to receive help from administrators and parents as needed. (ehavior Management Themes, 2007) the basic rights of students in the classroom include: (1) the right to have teachers who help limit self-destructing behavior; and (2) the right to choose how to behave. (ehavior Management Themes, 2007) These rights and needs of students are most optimally met through use of assertive discipline in which the teacher "...clearly communicates the expectations to the students and consistently follows-up with appropriate actions, but never violates, the best interests of the students." (ehavior Management Themes, 2007) the work of Usha McNab entitled: "The Individual and the Whole Class" states that: "that the teacher needs to work on creating a social and…

Bibliography

Behavior Management Theories (2007) Online available at  http://blog.os42.com/behaviour-management-theories/ .

Carey, Timothy a. (2007) What is Different About Different Discipline Programs? Difference in School Discipline and Classroom Management Programs. Online available at  http://responsiblethinking.com/different.htm .

Collier, Denise L. (2006) Sally Can Skip but Jerome Can't Stomp: Perceptions, Practice and School Punishment (Preliminary Results) April 2006. Online available at http://www.gse.uci.edu/csu-uci-edd/proposals/DLCollier-Proposal.pdf.

McNab, Usha (nd) the Individual and the Whole Class. Online available at http://www.partnership.mmu.ac.uk/cme/Student_Writings/DMELE/Usha_McNab.html. UNC Charlotte Behavior and Reading Improvement Center. Online available at  http://education.uncc.edu/bric/intervention_descriptions.htm#Assertive%20Discipline

Student Bullying/Discipline
1. Abstract
According to the Illinois Legal Aid Online (2018) Bullying can be understood as the aggressive and unwanted traits espoused by school going children. The traits entail some perceived or real power imbalance. Some of the students will use this power (such as their physical strength, popularity, access to privileged information) to harm, blackmail or harm other students. This behavior has to be repeated or have the potential of being repeated for it to qualify as bullying (Illinois Legal Aid Online, 2018). This paper explores a bullying scenario and maps out a strategy to alleviate bullying among students. In doing so the paper quotes three cases (i.e. Goss v. Lopez, Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, and New Jersey v. T.L.O). The rulings in these cases will be used to delineate the process of investigation, disciplining of bullies and bullying prevention measures. The paper also…

Fathers of Sociology

As a discipline, sociology is relatively young. Therefore, many of the great thinkers of the last two centuries have had a tremendous impact on the face of modern sociology. Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx, Herbert Spencer, and .E.B. Du Bois all contributed to the historical development of the discipline of sociology. One can see the lasting impact of those contributions in how sociologists approach human behavior in modern American society.

Emile Durkheim may be the man most responsible for transforming sociology from unscientific observations of human behavior into a disciplined science of human behavior. He drew upon Comte's work in sociology, but felt that his foundations were too vague. Instead of vague assertions about human behavior, Durkheim felt that in order for sociology to be a science, it "must study social facts, i.e. aspects of social life that shape our actions as individuals" (Agarwal, N.p.). hile Durkheim's work…

Works Cited

Agarwal, Priya. "What are the major contributions of Emile Durkheim to sociology?" Preserve

Articles. N.p. N.d Web. 30 Sep. 2013.

Crossman, Ashley. "Herbert Spencer." About.com Sociology. N.p. 2013. Web. 30 Sep. 2013.

Crossman, Ashley. "Karl Marx." About.com Sociology. N.p. 2013. Web. 30 Sep. 2013.

Interscholastic Sports & Academics

hat effect if any do interscholastic sports have on a young person's academic achievements? A great deal of the literature indicates that playing interscholastic sports can help a student become more proficient and successful in his or her academic pursuits. This paper references studies that present the facts regarding the mainly positive effects that interscholastic sports can have on a middle school or high school student's success in the classroom.

An article in Kappa Delta PI Record (Lumpkin, et al., 2010, p. 124) references the National Federation of State High School Associations' (NFHS) data that shows "…more than 7,000,000 interscholastic athletes in the United States" are doing better academically than students that are not out for sports. Lumpkin refers to NFHS data that shows: a) those seven million students overall "have higher grade-point averages"; b) they also have "lower dropout rates, better daily attendance, and fewer…

Works Cited

Din, Feng S. (2006). Sport Activities vs. Academic Achievement for Rural High School

Students. National Forum of Applied Educational Research Journal-Electronic, 19(3E),

1-10.

Lumpkin, Angela, and Stokowski, Sarah. (2011). Interscholastic Sports: A Character-Building

S. By offering an astonishing and heretical thesis. Hence, many believe in the notion of extra sensory perception (ESP). Evaluation: Time takes an objective view of society's perception of psychic phenomena. A thorough explanation as to why this unique ability is suppressed because of society's skepticism.

6. Shea, C. (2011). Fraud scandal fuels debate over practices of social psychology. Chronicle of Higher Education, 58(13), A1.

Summary: Article discusses the academic field of social psychology and examines how research practices within the discipline are being influenced by the news media and the use of fraudulent data in his reports, plus the manipulation of statistics. Evaluation: Convincingly, the author demonstrates the strong desire of some to capitalize on the psychic phenomena that compels them to falsify data.

Web Pages

7. Anders, R. (2009). Psychic phenomena. Retrieved from http://www.world-mysteries.com/sci_4.htm

Summary: The energy of matter and the energy behind matter, which religion calls the…

college grades accurately reflect the academic capabilities of students. I base my argument on my personal experience. In order to achieve a 3.74/4 grade point average, I spent not only countless number of hours in studying but also found my self-learning the subtleties of analytical logic and descriptive frameworks. My academic background reflects both of the above novelties: my educational knowledge in areas such as Economics, Mathematics, and Computer Science entails the use of analytical logic, while my interests and education in English, French, and Latin literatures involve the application of descriptive frameworks. The knowledge of integration of analytical and descriptive schemas has provided me ample opportunities to view the intricacies and interactions between different subject areas. My interdisciplinary educational background has been quite useful in making my critical decisions in carrying out my work successfully.

A find that in order to achieve a 3.74 grade point average requires one…

Imhotep

Overview/Biography -- In many academic circles, the man Imhotep (He who comes in peace) exemplifies the rich tradition of Ancient Egypt. He was an Egyptian royal, but not a ruler, who served under the Third Dynasty King Djoser as his Chancellor and then High Priest to the sun god Ra in the city of Heliopolis. His accomplishments were quite numerous; many consider him to be the first recorded expert planner in architecture, engineering, and physicians (Osler).

hat is particularly interesting about Imhotep is that he was one of the very few mortals to be honored by being depicted as part of a pharaoh's statue. This was extremely rare in Egyptian history, and shows the tremendous importance Imhotep had to the political and cultural hegemony of the time period. He was also given divine status after his death, with the center of the Imhotep cult centered around the city of…

Works Cited

Davidovits, J. They Built the Pyramids. Sant-Quentin, France: Institute Geopolymere, 2008. Print.

Dunn, J. "Imhotep, Doctor, Architect, High Priest, Scribe and Vizier to King Djoser." 24 October 2011. Touregypt.net. Web. December 2011. .

"Imhotep." January 2011. NNDB. Web. December 2011. .

Kemp, B. Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization. New York: Routledge, 2006. Print.

Social psychology, both as an academic and a professional practice, is extremely useful for elucidating the phenomenon of high rates of suicide within the military, and within the United States in general. The frequency of the occurrence of suicide within the military is explicitly denoted within Brewin's article (2013), in which there are record rates for suicide in the armed services in 2013 and the "number of military suicides has more than doubled since 2001" (p. 1). Sweeping phenomena such as the high incidence of suicide within a specific population setting validates social psychology as a discipline, since it is apparent that such problems are indicative of social concerns. Such problems will not simply go away, and require psychological means to address this issue.

This fact is widely alluded to within the aforementioned article. One of the chief reasons for suicide is the general perception that seeking counseling or psychological…

References

Brewin, B. (2013). Military suicides are up, despite 900 prevention programs. www.nextgov.com. Retrieved from  http://www.nextgov.com/defense/2013/03/military-suicides-are-despite-900-prevention-programs/62019/?oref=ng-skybox 

Furuya, S. (2013). Social psychology differs when applied in different cultural contexts.

Furuya, S. (2013). Journal of Experimental Social Psychology: Morality and Group Relations: Possible Bias Part I.

Furuya, S. (2013). Social Psychology View: What ensures that Women are Treated Fairly in Office Settings in the United States?

Asking for help is discouraged through such a model. So is bringing in personal experience in an unauthorized fashion. By dispensing and withdrawing praise, the new self is shaped. But this sense of independence is 'felt' more than 'reality.'

The attempt at objective judgments seeps through -- IQ tests, grades, all require certain practices. Of course, some professors deviate from this formula, and may require portfolios or independent research in defiance of such conventions. But most methods of assessment suggest a certain kind of intelligence is required to succeed in university, and by implication, succeed in life. Most universities do not reward musical intelligence, kinesthetic intelligence, and even spatial intelligence to the degree they do quantitative ability and verbal ability. Even before entering the university, through secondary school and the admissions process, students likely feel pigeonholed and 'tracked.' Failing to succeed is equated with being a failure in life in…

Nursing Knowledge: A Controversy

The scope of the nursing profession has increased dramatically over the last thirty years. The demarcation between medical and nursing tasks is quickly dissolving as the nursing profession is becoming increasingly multidisciplinary and complex. In 1996, nurse practitioners were mandated to obtain master's degrees to address their changing role in medical care (Nicoteri & Andrews, 2003). In this multidisciplinary and evolving healthcare environment, adaptation is paramount to providing effective patient care. Currently, there is a controversy in nursing regarding the direction that the development of nursing knowledge should take. There are many critics who believe that developing new nursing theories is an effective way to promote this development. However, theories are often abstract and not adaptable to specific healthcare settings. The belief that the knowledge base for nursing should evolve entirely from theory has important implications for nursing as an academic discipline and by extension the…

References

Attree, M. (2001). Patients' and relatives' experiences and perspectives of 'good' and 'not so good' quality care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 33, 456 -- 466.

Burman, M.E., Hart, A.M., Conley, V., Brown, J., Sherard, P., Clarke, P.N. (2009). Reconceptualizing the core of nurse practitioner education and practice. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 21, 11-17.

Hart, A.M., Macnee, C. (2007). How well are NPs prepared for practice: Results from a 2004 survey. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 19, 35 -- 42.

Mantzoukas, S., Jasper, M. (2008). Types of nursing knowledge used to guide care of hospitalized patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62, 3, 318-326.

Sorkin, however, posits no argument per se. ather, his book offers insight into how the financial crisis manifested from a far more personal perspective of those involved than anything else. The book is informative in nature, and give insight into some of the thought processes and activities those on the outside may not otherwise be exposed to or privy to. The title of the book sums it up best, and the book outlines how the banks and the primary players and stakeholders have become too big to fail. The book highlights the self-interest of those in charge of some of the biggest financial institutions in the world and their blatant disregard for Main Street.

The book has a place in the larger academic debates raised within public knowledge because it adds to the public's real knowledge of those involved in the nation's financial industry and government offices. Instead of speculating…

References

Cassidy, J. (2008). Anatomy of a meltdown, New Yorker, 84(39), 1-756.

Cherry, C. (1998). God's new Israel: Religious interpretations of American destiny.

UNC Press Books.

Cohan, W. (2010, Nov. 27). The power of failure. New York Times. Retrieves from www.thenewyorktimes.com.

The already shaky relationship between the Qatar state and Iranian society was further undermined by the Western exploitation of Iranian resources during the second half of the nineteenth century.

From 1918 until 1921 "British subsidies kept the government afloat, and British military and administrative advisers attempted to reorganize Iran's army and to manipulate the various political factions within the country to British advantage" (Cleveland, 185)*. When Britain added insult to injury by offering Iran a loan in exchange for exclusive advisory privileges, anti-imperial demonstrations broke out in several cities. Widespread discontent grew further. The Qatar government was regarded as ineffective and pro-British. A determined military commander finally took action and put a stop to the chaos.

Reza Khan used the political climate to advance from the position of commander and chief of the army in 1921 to that of the shah of Iran in 1925. His election overthrew the Qatar…

Accordingly, Browder notes that "the discipline of public administration has little sense of its historical circumstances and constantly re-issues 'new' calls for science and rigour. Instead, we must focus more research on critical, historically-based studies." (p. 1) Browder argues that the insertion of administrative evil into such discussions provides just such a basis for consideration.

Key Scholars:

The key scholars of importance in this discussion are Adams & Balfour, whose 1998 text Unmasking Administrative Evil is identified as the seminal work on the subject by Dubnick & Justice. Indeed, Adams & Balfour have continued to examine these issues, resolving as recently as 2007 that "the ethical framework within a technical rational system thus posits the primacy of an abstract, utility-maximizing individual, while binding leaders and professionals to organizations in ways that make them into reliable conduits for the dictates of legitimate authority, which is no less legitimate when it happens…

Non-Denominational Christian

Labeling oneself a Christian should be sufficient to allow people to understand some basics about personality and faith, regardless of one's denomination within Christianity. However, there are many people out there who self-identify as Christians, whose beliefs seem to contradict Christ's teachings. There is a tremendous amount of hatred, violence, and discrimination committed in the name of Christ, which is as far from being Christ-like as possible. Therefore, while part of my belief is that it is not a Christian's place to judge whether or not another person is a Christian, part of my belief is that hatred is not a part of Christ's doctrine.

As a Christian, I believe in single God, who has existed from the beginning of time and will exist until the end of time. While there is a single God, he has manifested himself in three distinct forms, that of the Father, the…

Bibliography: None

Description: Creative Writing Essay's-Graduate Level Education Course 1st Essay (1 FULL Page): "Statement of Faith" for non-denomonimational Christianity 2nd Essay (1 FULL Page): How your Christian worldview informs your approach to your academic discipline (Criminal Justice) and to your teaching. No references needed. If you have any questions, please let me know. Thank you for your time. Respectfully, T.R.

Please login to your Writer Control Panel to manage this assignment.

76). As automation increasingly assumes the more mundane and routine aspects of work of all types, Drucker was visionary in his assessment of how decisions would be made in the years to come. "In the future," said Drucker, "it was possible that all employment would be managerial in nature, and we would then have progressed from a society of labor to a society of management" (Witzel, p. 76). The first tasks of the manager, then, are to coordinate an organization's resources and provide a viable framework in which they can be used to produce goods and services effectively and efficiently. The second set of tasks concern guidance and control. In Drucker's view, this role is almost entirely proactive: "Economic forces set limits to what a manager can do. They create opportunities for management's action. But they do not by themselves dictate what a business is or what it does" (Drucker,…

1)" Yuen 10. However, in order to consistently be successful in this profession and in the completion of projects, there is a significant more amount of consideration and work to be done within this field. These additional considerations form an indelible component of the present research, which has stratified these concerns in ways that are germane to the proper implementation of project management, and which should not merely focus on the abilities of an individual (such as a project manager), but include a gestalt of "knowledge and skills from the areas of expertise of "project environments," "general management skills," and "Knowledge of the application area" (Yuen 386), that are "a deliberate orchestration of all these areas of expertise to complete a project."

By analyzing what these different environment areas were in previous centuries for the completion of successful projects in Europe and the Near East, the research contained within this…

One article in a past issue of the Kappa Omicron NU publication Forum explored the real-world teaching of service learning as a tool for involving students in their community. The study had the established goal of making clear the practical applicability of the academic learning in family and consumer sciences, and the necessity of community involvement for students in these programs and other human science specializations, as well as for families who put family and consumer sciences to use every day (Leach 1998). As my specialization is family studies, much of the research and findings of this study are directly applicable to my own planned career in family and consumer sciences.

The article provides background by detailing the connection between family and community, which is "the family's more immediate external environment" and, if properly engaged, a solid source of support both materially and emotionally for the home economist (Leach 1998).…

References

AAFCS. (2003). American association of family and consumer sciences official website. Accessed 31 August 2009.  http://www.aafcs.org/ 

Bois, D. (1997). "Ellen Henrietta Swallow Richards." Distinguished women of past and present. Accessed 31 August 2009.  http://www.distinguishedwomen.com/biographies/richards-es.html 

Carland-Adams, B. (2009). "When Mom dates, Dad stops visiting his kids." journal of marriage and family, August. Accessed 31 August 2009.  http://www.ncfr.org/ pdf/press_releases/JMF_August_2009.pdf' target='_blank' REL='NOFOLLOW'>

9). It is also dubious to present the research on food and drink and other interlinked issues "as academic reflection on hospitality" (Brotherton & Wood, 2000, p.139) by scholars belonging to various disciplines such as Visser (1991) and Beardsworth & Keil (1997). In this context, it should not be forgotten that hospitality is a false identification of an industry that has existed for only twenty years and which has transitioned into almost a critically to education, research and knowledge. However at the bottom of the transfer lie the motives of power and commerce more than the academic thirst of education and information.

Hospitality is seen as "related" to drinking and eating however you are mistaken if you think the vice versa i.e. drinking and eating are seen as related to hospitality stands true.

AN OVELOOKED STEAM OF STUDIES

The above mentioned formulation perfectly fits the area of Commercial hospitality or…

References

Barthes, R. (1979). Toward a psychosociology of contemporary food consumption. In R. Forster & O. Ranum (Eds.), Food and Drink in History (pp. 166 -- 173). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Beardsworth, A., & Keil, T. (1997). Sociology on the menu: An invitation to the study of food and society. London: Routledge.

Brillat-Savarin, J.-A. (1994). The physiology of taste (Trans. A. Drayton). Harmondsworth: Penguin.

Brotherton, B., & Wood C.R. (2000). Hospitality and Hospitality Management. In C. Lashley & A. Morrison (Eds.), In Search of Hospitality: Theoretical perspectives and debates (pp. 134 -- 156). Oxford: Butterworth Heineman.

Students in these kinds of schools do not attend school longer, but they do not have a summer break that is longer than any of the other breaks that they take during the school year.

esearch done by McMillen (2001) indicated that there were 106 schools in the state of North Carolina that operated on the year-round school calendar for third through eighth grades during the 1997-1998 school year. McMillen (2001) then conducted an analysis of the academic achievements of these students and compared them to the academic achievements of students in the same grades that attended schools where the traditional calendar was still used.

Data for the study came from a database of statewide testing in which 95% of the public schools in the state participate. In order to determine the academic achievements of the students, McMillen (2001) looked at achievement test scores and demographic information that was collected…

References. Retrieved April 17, 2008, at  http://www.ericdigests.org 

Painesville City School District. (2008). Year Round Education. Retrieved February 20, 2008, at http://www.painevillecityschools.org

Polite, V.C. (1999). Combating educational neglect in suburbia: African-American males and mathematics. In V.C. Polite & J.E. Davis (Eds.), African-American males in school and society: Practices and policies for effective education (pp. 97-107). New York: Teachers College Press.

Poplin, M., & Weeres, J. (1992). Voices from the inside: A report on schooling from inside the classroom. Claremont, CA: Claremont Graduate School, Institute for Education in Transformation.

Pothering, S.L. (1998). The decision-making processes of higher education undergraduate academic program development in a public liberal arts institution. (Doctoral Dissertation, University of South Caroline, 1998). UMI Dissertation Services.

Business

As the course closes, the time has come for self-reflection and course evaluation. The following reflection contains self-examination as a student within the course as well as reflections upon how the course contriutes to the student's education and career. The paper descries which modules were the most useful, difficult, and easy for the student. The paper descries an appreciation for the topic of Organizational Studies and realizes the practicality for students in many fields to e exposed to this suject.

Reflections upon the Course Conclusion

This course has helped me come upon several important realizations regarding scholarship, research, teaching & learning, and oviously, realizations regarding organizational studies. I realize that Organizational Studies is not a suject that should e limited to usiness related degree programs. Organizational Studies is a topic to which students across a large spectrum of disciplines should e exposed. There is an increase of attention, research,…

bibliography, and research, knowledge of variables becomes increasingly critical. Therefore, I appreciated the challenge of distinguishing and generating variables in the modules. I learned about the influence of variables upon research questions and hypotheses, too. Variables are terms and things that are thrown around the academic realm, but not many researchers have a deep and practical understanding of variables and their function(s) in research at all stages. The work spent with variables, research questions, and hypotheses, though arduous, gave me confidence to complete doctoral research projects.

The most enjoyable module for me was the one where students engaged with heuristics. I am a creative person and believe that there is room for creativity in all academic disciplines. Therefore, heuristics, for me, was very enjoyable. I found that heuristics exercised my creativity muscles satisfactorily and it also gave me awareness in research. Heuristics will help me keep my research from stagnating and will help me stay innovative and open-minded in approaching my research. Heuristics helps keep research stay fresh and helps researchers locate and fill gaps in existing research.

Overall, I found the course to be practical and I am a person with an appreciation for utility. The course really made me work and I realize the benefits more so as the course concludes and I am sure I will see further benefits as my education and career progress.

Social Work

Critical thinking, a higher order of thinking about and dealing with issues, is quite relevant in many contemporary disciplines, particularly social work. It is a way of looking at information, of processing that information in an analytical manner, and having the ability to bring both life experience and other information to bear on the regular processes of one's discipline. Certainly, it can be used as an approach to daily lie, reading, public speaking, even watching movies or attending a concert. Within the social work discipline, it is a way to take a careful appraisal of beliefs and actions and then arrive at well-reasoned and thoughtful interventions that increase the likelihood of helping clients and avoiding harm -- reasonable and reflecting attitudes that help decide what to do and when (Papell and Skolnik, 1992).

Social work, and other medical and sociological and medical disciplines often turn toward theory as…

REFERENCES

Hoshmand, L.T. And Polkinghorne, D.E. (1992). Redefining the Science-

Practice Relationship and Professional Training. American Psychologist.

47 (1): 55-66.

Pappell, C.P. And Skolnik, L. (1992). The Reflective Practitioner: A Contemporary

etention in Higher Education

Evolution across the Globe

Challenges of Institutes

Factors Influencing Student etention

Alignment of expectations and experience

Social and academic integration

Affordability

Academic Performance

Attitudes and Satisfaction

Academic Engagement

Measures to Improve Student etention

Curriculum development

Orientation and Induction

Authentic Curriculum

Student-Centered Active Learning

Integration of Study Skills

Students from Under-represented Groups

Organization of Program

Cultural Issues in Classrooms

ole of Presidency in Dealing with etention

Accepting the Change

etention Strategies

easons Given by Students for Withdrawal

Conclusion

eferences

Abstract

This paper is designed to figure out the reasons which cause the failure of educational institutes to retain the students. It also gives comprehensive overview of the measures that can be adopted by the leadership and higher authorities to nullify the negativity prevailing in the institutes and how to effectively control and retain students.

Introduction

Student retention has become a major concern for institutes across the globe.…

References

Bean, J.P. (1980). Dropouts and turnover: The synthesis and test of a causal model of student attrition. Research in Higher Education, 12(2), 155-187.

Bean, J.P. (1985). Interaction effects based on class level in an explanatory model of college student dropout syndrome. American Educational Research Journal, 22(1), 35-64.

Crosling, G., & Heagney, M. (2009). Improving Student Retention in Higher Education. Improving Teaching and Learning, 9-18.

Fleming, J. (2012). Enhancing Minority Student Retention and Academic Performance: What We Can Learn From Program Evolutions. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Language and Sexuality from a Desire-Based Perspective

Anthropology -- Language & Sexuality

The broader theoretical treatment of the study of sexuality has long been recognized in the fields of linguistic anthropology and sociolinguistics. Historically, sexuality has been discussed in sociocultural studies of language over the long-term. In fact, this work and the research it generated make up the emergent history and the scope of research on language and sexuality. This analytical discourse on the topic of sexuality and language is socially oriented, to be certain, but the it has followed a path of convenience, resulting in piecemeal treatment and an underlying fragmentation of the body of work.

Discussion of the desire-oriented approach to sexuality and language, theorizing the motivation and development of the approach from a poststructuralist position.

Outline

Sexist language

Women and men's talk: single/mixed sex; private/public

Gender and politeness

Peer and classroom talk

5. Public and workplace talk…

Morrish, L., Morrish, E., and Sauntson, H. (2007, November 15). New perspectives on language and sexual identity. Palgrave Publishing.

Motschenbacher, H. ( 2011, November 11). Language, gender, and sexual identity: Poststructuralist perspectives. John Benjamins Publishing.

Sauntson, H. And Kyratzis, S. (Eds.) (2007). Language, sexualities, & desires: Cross-cultural perspectives. Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Macmillan.

Dr. David Livingstone seemed to epitomize this view, "These privations, I beg you to observe, are not sacrifices. I think that word ought never to be mentioned in reference to anything we can do for Him….Can that be a sacrifice which is simply paid back as a small part of a great debt owing to our God, which we can never repay… it is a privilege."

With this attitude of sacrifice for the greater glory, and it was certainly that for many who endured pain, pestilence, disease, hunger and bodily harm, also came a certain attitude about modernizing and bringing the native populations into the modern world through Christ. In places as diverse as Hawaii, the Philippines, central Africa, and even the Muslim world, these well-meaning missionaries invariable also brought with them cultural baggage and xenophobia. While wishing to save the population from the fires of Hell through Christianity, there…

Smith, E. (1834). Missionary Researches in Armenia: Including a Journey Through Asia Minor. London, J.S. Hudson. Cited in:  http://books.google.com/books?id=-c0NAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Eli+Smith&hl=en&ei=e0Y9TN3FG4rCsAP3xLjaCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q&f=false 

Hallote, 2006, p.12.

Williams, J. (1999). The Times of Edward Robinson: Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.

Social Sciences in Education

The development and specialization of the various fields in the social sciences started with the establishment of sociology as an academic discipline in the 19th century. The architects of this early discipline include Max Weber, Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx. Over time, the social sciences have broadened to include other disciplines looking at human life through in a variety of contexts, including anthropology, economics, political science, history, psychology, communication and linguistics.

There are two broadly-defined schools of thought in the contemporary understanding of social sciences. A positivist interpretation of the social sciences utilizes the scientific method in the study of human society. An interpretivist social scientist tends to utilize analysis, written deconstruction, and contextualization to examine theoretical linkages. One of the more notable tendencies of contemporary social science practice have been researchers who use hybrid styles, techniques, and methodologies in their work to look at their…

References

Jacoby, Sanford M. (2005). "Social Science in Europe, Japan, and the United States" Comparative Labor, Law, and Policy Journal. Vol. 23:819

National Council for the Social Studies. (2009). "About National Council for the Social Studies." Retrieved from:  http://www.socialstudies.org/about 

Hess, Diana. (2001) "Teaching Students to Discuss Controversial Public Issues" Social Studies Development Center. Retrieved from:  http://www.indiana.edu/~ssdc/cpidig.htm 

Vessuri, Hebe. (2000). "Ethical Challenges for the Social Sciences on the Threshold of the 21st Century." Current Sociology 50, no. 1 135-150.

omen in Higher Education

Describe ways in which female college students in the era from 1920 to 1945 influence the present generation of female college students.

It would not be unreasonable to refer to women in the 1920 -- 1930 window of time in American history as pathfinders. Professor Mary McComb explains that in 1930 women workers and students "were perceived as larger threats" than in previous era; indeed, the "new women" in the 1930s received "a fair share of scorn" by pursuing higher education and entering the workforce in substantial numbers (McComb, 2006). But women did not back down. By competing with men for jobs, the female college student of the 1930s was "more suspect…" then her predecessors, and yet she marched forward with dreams and goals that were part of the "American Dream" (McComb, 2006).

In the 1930s women made up about 50% of the American workforce, McComb…

Works Cited

Bank, B.J. (2003). Contradictions in Women's Education: Traditionalism, Careerism, and Community at a Single-sex College. New York: Teachers College Press.

Carreon, S., Cassedy, A., Borman, K., and Dubeck, P.J. (2013). Women and Work: A

Handbook. Florence, KY: Routledge Publishing.

McComb, M.C. (2006). Great Depression and the Middle Class: Experts, Collegiate Youth

Evaluative Paragraph

Vitacco, M.J., Gonsalves, V., Tomony, J., Smith, B, Lishner, D.A. (2012). "Can standardized measures of risk predict inpatient violence?: Combining static and dynamic variables to improve accuracy." Criminal Justice and Behavior. 39: 589-606.

This particular source is concerned with the efficacy of the predictive prowess of a number of different methods for auguring which forensic inpatients are likely to commit acts of violence in clinical settings. Based on a literature review that indicated that the subsequent measures demonstrated a degree of veracity in predicting inmate violence, the authors of this article analyzed the results of both static and dynamic factors that were shown to influence forensic inpatient violence. Specifically, the study conducted within this paper utilized three types of tests: the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG), the Historical Clinical Risk-20, and the Psychopathic Checklist-Revised as well as the Psychopathy Checklist Screening Version. The results of this study indicate…

Learning Analysis

An Analysis of Personal Learning

Throughout much initial schooling in the educational system's current set-up, different areas of knowledge and differing tasks are generally approached in wholly separate manners. The study of history is not combined with the study of mathematics, and lessons meant to expand knowledge in biology don't often include lessons in aesthetics and art. This is actually detrimental to the educational process, however, as the fact is most bodies of knowledge touch upon the skills and knowledge acquired in other learning areas. The fact that skills in English and composition would be so essential in acquiring and demonstrating learning in the social sciences and even in certain areas of the "hard sciences" is something that I did not fully appreciate when beginning this course, and now that this has been made clear I realize that I have made significant progress, yet real challenges still remain.…

There needed to be a much greater level of coordination, communication and collaboration for the full benefits of project management initiatives and strategies to succeed. One of the best practices that emerged from the shift to a leadership and organizational basis of project management is the essential role of Emotional Intelligence (EI) as a galvanizing factor of making projects more relevant and accomplished in complex organizations (Clarke, 2010).

Where authoritarian and transactional management leadership had been sufficient for managing projects during the systems perspective era (Kioppenborg, Opfer, 2002) those leadership skill sets were not sufficient for the era of leadership and organizational behavior (Keegan, Hartog, 2004). This fundamental shift in project management perspective also corresponded to a shift in the expectations, need and requirements of a subsequent generation of knowledge workers as well (Keller, 2006). No longer would be authoritarian and transactional work. The entire culture of how projects were…

References

Clarke, N. (2010). Emotional intelligence and its relationship to transformational leadership and key project manager competences. Project Management Journal, 41(2), 5-20.

Gundersen, G., Hellesoy, B.T., & Raeder, S. (2012). Leading international project teams: The effectiveness of transformational leadership in dynamic work environments. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 19(1), 46.

Keegan, a.E., & Den Hartog, D.,N. (2004). Transformational leadership in a project-based environment: A comparative study of the leadership styles of project managers and line managers. International Journal of Project Management, 22(8), 609-617.

Keller, R.T. (2006). Transformational leadership, initiating structure, and substitutes for leadership: A longitudinal study of research and development project team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 17-17.

"

However, for ELL students there are obvious challenges to meeting these standards. This is why they are judged upon performance, and how well they meet content standards. Although they are not graded on a performance basis on all grade-level standards they are graded on a sliding scale upon some of the standards, which indicate the desire of the state to align most of the ELL performance-based standards with the content-based standards of other learners.

Using assessment data from your school, determine language proficiency goals and objectives for individual students in each domain

hen ELL students are graded on their proficiency in speaking, writing, and reading, and other subjects that require a mastery of grammar, phonetics, vocabulary, and spoken English, an individualized assessment plan is helpful because different ELL students may have different needs depending upon their background. Language proficiency goals take into consideration performance ability to meet content standards,…

Works Cited

Accountability: Office of English Language Acquisition Services." (2008).

Arizona Department of Education. Retrieved 4 Apr 2008  http://www.ade.state.az.us/asd/lep/ 

Curricular and Instructional Alignment Declaration (CIA)." (2008).

Arizona Department of Education. Retrieved 4 Apr 2008.  http://www.azed.gov/sa/cia/

Nigeria has defined its policy by a 'concentric circle' model. The core is "the economic viability and full mobilization of the resources of the country [of Nigeria], in which the internal security forms the foundation for a realistic diplomacy" (Agreen 2010).When the core is taken care of, then Nigeria can take into consideration the economic viability of its people. "The second circle takes into consideration the strategic interest of the states in the West African sub-region. The third circle involves Nigeria's foreign policy involvement in the African continent" (Agreen 2010). However, one of the problems with such an approach is that it can be difficult to create a coherent national policy when Nigeria's personal interests clash with those of another African state's or when two states have competing interests and Nigeria must 'take sides.'

Q3. A failed state in Africa

The term 'failed state' is not a generic one, but…

References

Agreen, John. "The problematic of redefining Nigeria's national interest in the context of global diplomacy." Point Blank News. 2010.

[May 12, 2011]  http://www.pointblanknews.com/Articles/artopn2675.html 

Burns, Alex. "The evolution of strategic culture in counterterrorism studies." 2010. [May 12,

2011]  http://www.alexburns.net/Files/MonashPhDProposal.pdf

People have been unmotivated to offset the cabon dioxide emissions of automobiles due to a pesonal attachment to thei cas. Howeve, they have also been moe willing to implement pocedues and poducts in thei home that ae moe enegy efficient. One notable example of this concens electicity and light fixtues. In ecent yeas, lighting that is moe enegy efficient has become incedibly popula, and it has been shown that people ae even willing to pay geate sums of money to puchase lighting systems that ae moe enegy efficient (Stall-Meadows, Hebet, 2001). Such behavio stands in stak contast with consume habits with egad to automobiles, and this is pehaps attibutable to the fact that electicity is viewed as being moe utilitaian and less of a status symbol. It may also be a esult of the fact that cas ae moe public while electicity is featued in the pivacy of one's own…

references: The role of affect, imagery, and values. Climatic Change, 77, 45-72.

Longo, a., Hoyos, D., & Markandya, a. (2012). Willingness to pay for ancillary benefits of climate change mitigation. Environmental and Resource Economics, 51(1), 119-140.

Nolan, J.M. (2010). "An Inconvenient Truth" increases knowledge, concern, and willingness to reduce greenhouse gases. Environment and Behavior, 42(5), 643-658.

Peters, G.P., et al. China's growing CO2 emissions -- a race between increasing consumption and efficiency gains. Environmental Science and Technology, 41(17), 5939-5944.

Reiner, D.M., et al. (2006). American exceptionalism? Similarities and differences in national attitudes toward energy policy and global warming. Environmental Science Technology, 40(7), 2093-2098.

0 tool has little to do with its overall effectiveness in getting attaining learning goals and objectives for example. Controlling for the informality or formality of Web 2.0 tools use is required, as many instructors are relying on the conversational and broadcast functionality of social networks as a substitute for e-mail. Still, the informal aspects of social networking applications including Web 2.0 tools and their anticipated benefits as a learning tool must be indexed or evaluated from their actual effectiveness in assisting learned to gain mastery of subjects. Creating this link between Web 2.0 tool effectiveness and their relative perception of value with respondents to this study will require a research design that can isolate attitudinal and effectiveness measures while not introducing sampling bias or error.

Fifth, the risks that Web 2.0 tools might create for formal learning in educational institutions also faces the same dilemma from a methodology standpoint…

Bibliography

Ayala, G, and Yano, Y (1998). A collaborative learning environment based on intelligent agents. Expert Systems with Applications, 14, 129-137.

Bill Ashraf. (2009). Teaching the Google-eyed YouTube generation. Education & Training, 51(5/6), 343-352.

Barros, B., and Verdejo, M.F. (2000). Analysing student interaction processes in order to improve collaboration. The DEGREE approach. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 11, 221-241.

Bereiter, C. (2002). Education and mind in the knowledge age. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

A favorite target for conspiracists today as well as in the past, a group of European intellectuals created the Order of the Illuminati in May 1776, in Bavaria, Germany, under the leadership of Adam Weishaupt (Atkins, 2002). In this regard, Stewart (2002) reports that, "The 'great' conspiracy organized in the last half of the eighteenth century through the efforts of a number of secret societies that were striving for a 'new order' of civilization to be governed by a small group of 'all-powerful rulers.' The most important of these societies, and the one to which all subsequent conspiracies could be traced, is the Illuminati founded in Bavaria on May 1, 1776 by Adam Weishaupt" (p. 424). According to Atkins, it was Weishaupt's fundamental and overriding goal to form a secret organization of elite members of Europe's leading citizens who could then strive to achieve the Enlightenment version of revolutionary social…

References

American Psychological Association. (2002). Publication manual of the American Psychological

Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

Anderson, J. (1981, 1723). The charges of a Free-Mason extracted from the ancient records of lodges beyond the sea, and of those in England, Scotland, and Ireland, for the use of the lodges in London: To be read at the making of new brethren, or when the master shall order it. Reprinted in The Radical Enlightenment: Pantheists, Freemasons, and Republicans, by M.C. Jacob, 279-285. London and Boston: Allen & Unwin in Harland-

Jacobs at p. 237.

Vocabulary Acquisition in ESOL Students

English as foreign/second language (EFL/ESL) classrooms widely neglected the area of vocabulary, until lately. Grammar lessons are founded on a collection of rules having coherent structure, expected to be remembered or followed by students. However, the same doesn't hold true when it comes to vocabulary (Jeff, 2010). In the past few years, this area of English learning has gained importance as a necessary component to be learned by ESL students. It is believed by many to be just as crucial as reading, speaking, writing, and listening (Jeff, 2010). Work of different researchers state that knowledge of vocabulary aids language use, which in turn helps expand vocabulary knowledge, while knowledge about the world leads to increased language use and vocabulary knowledge (p. 6). The above contextualized outlook towards vocabulary learning will aid students in expanding their vocabulary by means of authentic communication (Jeff, 2010).

Of all…

References

Adel M. Alharbi. (2015). Building Vocabulary for Language Learning: Approach for ESL Learners to Study New Vocabulary. Journal of International Students. ISSN: 2162-3104 Print / ISSN: 2166-3750 Online Volume 5, Issue 4, pp. 501-511

August, D., & Shanahan, T. (Eds.). (2006). Developing literacy in second-language learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on Language-Minority Children and Youth Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics. (1992). Myths and misconceptions about second language learning. ERIC Digest. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved May 22, 2007, from  http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2/content_storage_01/0000000b/80/2a/1d/2b.pdf 

Francis, D. J., Rivera, M., Lesaux, N., Keiffer, M., & Rivera, H. (2006). Practical guidelines for the education of English language learners: Research-based recommendations for instruction and academic interventions. Portsmouth, NH: Center on Instruction. Retrieved February 21, 2007, from  http://www.centeroninstruction.org/files/ELL1 - Interventions.pdf

For the purposes of this review, Web-based instruction is considered to be any educational or training program distributed over the Internet or an intranet and conveyed through a browser, such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. Java applet-based instruction is a special form of Web-based instruction.

Although there is very little research on comparing the effectiveness of Java applet-based instruction to the traditional face-to-face offering. However Web-based instruction has received enough attention that many studies are now available in the research literature.

Comparing the learning effects of Web-based learning with traditional face-to-face teaching and learning is emphasized in the research on the Internet as a medium in higher education. However, these research studies always produce conflicting results. esearchers found significant differences, positive or negative, in using different Internet-based approaches to facilitate teaching and learning.

This literature review explores three dominant themes: impact on student performance, student attitude, and student satisfaction.…

References

Rajshree Agarwal, a Edward Day. (1998). The impact of the Internet on economic education. Journal of Economic Education, 29(2), 99. Retrieved November 14, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 28501331).

Al-Jarf, a. & Sado, R. (2002). Effect of online learning on struggling ESL college writers. San Antonio, TX: National Educational Computing Conference Proceedings. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 475-920).

Anthony Basile, Jill M. D'Aquila. (2002). An experimental analysis of computer-mediated instruction and student attitudes in a principles of financial accounting course. Journal of Education for Business, 77(3), 137-143. Retrieved November 17, 2008, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 115217377).

Carey, J. (2001). Effective student outcomes: A comparison of online and face-to-face delivery modes. Retrieved November 14, 2008, at  http://www.ed.psu.edu/acsde/deos/deosnews/deosnews11_9.asp

A number of modifications have occurred within the area of arts instruction, leading to a redesigning of the whole curriculum. A few transformations involve modern trends like literacy training via art, worldwide popular culture, 21st-century abilities, social justice, art evaluation, cultural diversity, and interdisciplinary approaches.

Teaching Literacy through Art

According to Moody-Zoet, art-teaching offers distinctive and useful intellectual behaviors and skill sets which aid in the learning of other academic disciplines. The following skills are introduced, cultivated and honed by arts education: craft creation capacity; task involvement and determination when it comes to task completion; envisioning, expression, and seeking of a vision for oneself; observation; reflection; stretching; exploration; and understanding of the art community/world. Arts education represents a vital component of every learner's holistic scholastic literacy. The arts, after all, are entrenched in representation and cognition, in addition to be profoundly involved in the way education expands as well as…

Sustainability Science

Phase 4 Discussion Board

The article that I will be reviewing is "Key competencies in sustainability: a reference framework for academic program development." This article was published in the journal Sustainability Science and directly covers the development of the academic discipline. The authors note that as the discipline matures into a full-fledged academic discipline, there is a need to understand the nature of sustainability science and what the key competencies are going to be to understand the discipline. The authors have studied a number of journal articles on the subject to make a determination about what competencies are required: systems thinking, anticipatory, strategic, interpersonal and normative.

The authors have a good understanding of what sustainability science is. They point out rightfully that systems thinking is critical, because sustainability science is about the systems that support human life. Strategic competencies is required because interventions are required to save us…

References

Coca-Cola 2011/2012 Sustainability Report. Retrieved October 29, 2014 from  http://www.coca-colacompany.com/sustainabilityreport/world/water-stewardship.html 

Engelman, R. & LeRoy, P. (1993). Sustaining water: Population and the future of renewable water supplies. Population Action International Retrieved October 29, 2014 from  http://www.popline.org/node/331603 

Saal, D. & Parker, D. (2011). Productivity and price performance in the privatized water and sewerage companies of England and Wales. Journal of Regulatory Economics. Vol. 20 (1) 61-90.

Wiek, A., Withycombe, L. & Redman, C. (2011). Key competencies in sustainability: a reference framework for academic program development. Sustainability Science. Vol. 6 (2011) 203-208.

Messages are normally communicated verbally or non-verbally. Verbal communication may be written or oral. Non-verbal communication means engaging visual signs or audio signs in order to communicate a message. Nonverbal signals are a significant part of the communication procedure. These consist of hand gestures, facial eye contact, touch languages, body movements, posture, and vocal modulations. They can deliver as much significance as words, presenting feelings for instance fear, joy, and anger. Audiences also measure character traits for instance honesty and trustworthiness by means of a speaker's nonverbal actions. An assortment of theories has been established to study these types of communication. ith that said, the two theories that are to be discussed in this paper are Proxemics and Semiotics.

Semiotics and Proxemics: hat are they?

Semiotics is basically what is called the study of signs in body, words, language, and sounds. Researchers in this area look for instructions that regulate…

Works Cited

Abbott, D.P. (2006). Splendor and misery: Semiotics and the end of rhetoric. Rhetorica, 24(3), 303-323.

Holt, R. (2009). Creating whole life value proxemics in construction projects. Business Strategy and the Environment,, 10(3), 148.

McLaughlin, C.O. (2008). Environmental issues in patient care management: Proxemics, personal space, and territoriality. Rehabilitation Nursing, 12(5), 23-30.

Mick, D.G. (2008). Consumer research and semiotics: Exploring the morphology of signs, symbols, and significance. Journal of Consumer Research, 13(2), 196.

Computing has been explained to be a branch of science and an academic discipline which has been debated for a long period of time. However, the central concern highlighted in the article is the status of computing in regards to being scientific. Computing started developing in the mid 1900s as a distinct academic discipline after the birth of several stored-program paradigms. Throughout the history of modern computing, there have existed different approaches on computing as a discipline, and most debates revolves around the question whether computing is a scientific discipline.

In debates concerning the relationship existing between computing as a discipline, the scientific nature of computing which includes mathematics, engineering as well as natural sciences were debated the most. The questions are usually about whether computer science should be considered as a science or just a natural science. Different researchers argue that, computer scientists do more theoretical work which is…

References

Tedre, M.(2011). Computing as a science: A Survey of Competing Viewpoints.

Leadership Styles Among Male and Female Principal

It is the intention of this research to study the leadership and cognitive styles of teachers and instructors of both genders within the educational system and their preference for types of leadership in a principal of that institution.

The research will include teachers and educators from all levels of the educational system from grade school to high school. The study will also include teachers and instructors from all major academic fields of study offered in public and private schools. The studies conducted thus far in the educational arena indicate that teachers are equally inclined towards different cognitive styles.

Teachers prefer a mix of idealist, analytical and realistic cognitive styles of leadership in their Principals. Studies have also indicated that teachers prefer that principals are people oriented and task oriented in their approach to running the school or institution. In addition, teachers also prefer…

Bibliography

Berens, Linda V., and Dario Nardi. Personality Types, Descriptions for Self-Discovery. New York: Telos Publications, 1999.pp.

Blake, R.R., H. Shepherd, and Jane Srygley Mouton. Managing Intergroup Conflict in Industry. Houston, Tx: Gulf Publishing Company, 1964.pp.

Blau, Francine D., Marianne A. Ferber, and Anne E. Winkler. The Economics of Women, Men, and Work. Prentice-Hall Series in Economics. 4th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 2002.pp. xviii, 446

Bossert, S.T., et al. "The Instructional Management Role of the Principal." Educational Administration Quarterly 18.3 (1982): 34-64.

students properly prepare for difficult examinations and long papers like theses and dissertations?

Students will encounter levels of difficulty in their studies that they may be not used to or unprepared for during their first several years of university. Therefore, it is important to properly prepare for the rigors of university academics. How the student prepares depends largely on his or her course load and the subject matter, as well as the student's comfort level with that subject matter. Preparing for exams and long-term papers requires the student to have a great deal of self-discipline and a good sense of timing. Avoiding procrastination is essential. The student needs to identify weak areas in his or her learning as soon as possible, and devote extra time to strengthening those areas. Maintaining a daily academic discipline, such as daily course readings or laboratory time, will help keep the student mentally prepared to…

References

Grohol, J.M. (n.d.). 2 important strategies for effective studying. Retrieved online:  http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2013/02/08/2-important-strategies-for-effective-studying/ 

Stolley, K. Brizee, A. & Paiz, J.M. (2014). Overview and contradictions. Retrieved online:  https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/01/ 

"Time Management," (n.d.). Study Guides and Strategies. Retrieved online: http://www.studygs.net/timman.htm

They began to outline an issue of the journal which they tentatively called Contemporary Criminology: A Journal of Ideas Predisposed Toward Radical Democratization. It was hoped that the first issue might arrive during the Fall of 1996.

About the same time, Sullivan and Tifft also spoke about creating a new association for scholars, activists, and practitioners that would serve as an alternative to the conventional academic criminology and criminal justice organizations. It was suggested that the members of this association might come together each year and share their ideas and discuss their current work in mostly plenary sessions. Great emphasis would be put on the participation of everyone present through extensive discussions. An invitation would be extended to all those associated with the restorative justice community who, though they met periodically around the globe, had no permanent home or community with which to share their ideas and find support.

It…

Bibliography

Annual Report Fiscal Year 2004. Restorative Justice Program, Prince William County Office of Dispute Resolution. 2004.

Coser, Lewis. (2004). Crime Theories. Retrieved June 28, 2005 at http://faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/111/111lect03.htm.

The Effectiveness of Restorative Justice Practices: A Meta-Analysis. Research and Statistics Division Methodological Series. Department of Justice Canada. 2001.

Gulati, Shruti Gola (1996). Healing the Circle: Exploring the Conjuncture of Peacemaking Criminology and Native Justice Initiatives. M.A. thesis. Department of Criminology. University of Ottawa. Retrieved June 29, 2005 from www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq20919.pdf.

Eat, Pray, Love

Into the Wild

Motorcycle Diaries

Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail

Theories/ Frameworks

epresentation from Media Studies -- Culture and its elevance

Post Modernism Literature

Thematic Analysis

Importance of Culture in Analysis

Theory and Methodology

Thematic Analysis -- Framework

Thematic analysis is appropriate for the following situations

Detective and inductive approaches

Analysis of two different phased of data

Thematic Process

Analysis and Process of Comparing Literary Works of Post-Modern Period

Post Modernism Writers

Post Modern Literary Theory

A person's personal, work, and family life and how they relate to nature all define how well the person knows himself. This article will explore how one comes of age and life stages by comparing three movies and three novels. The books are Motorcycle Diaries (Che Guevara), Wild: From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail (Cheryl Strayed) and Into the Wild (John Krakauer). The…

References

Bhuvaneshwari. "THE THEORY OF POSTMODERNISM IN THE INTERPRETATION OF LITERATURE." Research Journal of English Language and Literature (2015): 629-637. Journal.

Clifford, Amber. "Book Review: The Motorcycle Diaries: Notes on a Latin American Journey." International Journal of Motorcycle Studies (2005).

Kaplan, Jeffrey. "Young Adult Literature in the 21st Century." The Research Connection (2005): 11-18. Review Paper.

Kim, Farah. Life Lessons to Learn from Hector and the Search for Happiness. 29 January 2015. Online Document. 17 October 2016.

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Nowadays, students have to choose between different academic disciplines: maybe one student prefers to be a psychologist rather than a physician. And then once the student has decided on psychology, he must choose, for example, to be a psychology major, as opposed to a physician major. Further more, there are even different categories within disciplines: social psychology, organizational psychology, clinical psychology, educational psychology etc., each with its own concepts, terminology and methods. As in many other areas of activity, the division of labor in modern academia was a necessary phenomenon in the modern society given the economic and social conditions of the modern world, when the aim of education is to prepare students for different specializations and then, through working, interdependence and collaboration is necessary in order to reach the goal and obtain the wanted results. Durkheim's theory division of labor depicts the fact that in a society based…

Bibliography

Clyde Hudgins, Clyde, Richards, Michael. G. Individual, Family and Community: An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Study of Contemporary Life. Introduction. http://www.accd.edu/sac/interdis/2370/intro.html

Comparative Political Systems. Lecture #2 - Theoretical Antecedents - Marx, Weber, & Durkheim. www.towson.edu/~roberts/339/A02marx.doc

Durkheim, Emile. The Division of Labor in Society Translated by George Simpson. New York: The Free Press, 1933

Grabb, Edward G. Theories of Social Inequality: Classical and Contemporary

The Women's Movement has tried to challenge such ideas. Changes in the law and societal thinking are partially due to the efforts of individual women, but there have always been strong women in history: only by uniting together in a movement have women and men been able to make a collective difference in creating a society with more equitable opportunities for all. The Women's Movement has also had a positive spill-over effect for all marginalized people -- when gender identities are questioned, racial, ethnic, religious, and sexual assumptions are questioned as well.

Even now, there is an atmosphere of reactionary fear regarding the progress women have made. True, there are women U.S. Supreme Court justices and U.S. Senators but many people complain that women are beginning to outnumber men on a number of college campuses. Interestingly, while women's lack of prominence in fields such as art and medicine was seen…