Democratic Party Essays (Examples)

Perhaps some of the drama that will play itself out inside of the convention hall, will be spotted by the watchful eye of the media transmitting the party's doings into American living rooms -- and raise ratings as a result.

orks Cited

Crawford, Darlisa. "Memorable Moments in Political Convention History: The Evolution of National Party Conventions." Election Focus 2004. U.S. Department of State. Jul 14, 2008. 1.14. http://usinfo.state.gov/dhr/img/assets/5796/elections07_15_04.pdf

Cresswell, Stephen." The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party." Buttons and Ballots. Issue 26. 2001. May 12, 2008. http://www.cresswellslist.com/ballots2/mfdp.htm

Johnson, Donald B. "Dixiecrats." The American Presidency. May 12, 2008. http://ap.grolier.com/article?assetid=0129280-00&templatename=/article/article.html

Rowen, Beth. "History of Party Conventions." InfoPlease. May 12, 2008. http://www.infoplease.com/spot/conventions1.html

ald, Jonathan. "264 arrested in NYC bicycle protest." CNN.com. Aug 28, 2004. May 12, 2008. http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/08/28/rnc.bike.protest/

Darlisa, Crawford, "Memorable Moments in Political Convention History: The Evolution of National Party Conventions," Election Focus 2004, U.S. Department of State, Jul 14, 2008, 1.14, p.1. >…

Works Cited

Crawford, Darlisa. "Memorable Moments in Political Convention History: The Evolution of National Party Conventions." Election Focus 2004. U.S. Department of State. Jul 14, 2008. 1.14. http://usinfo.state.gov/dhr/img/assets/5796/elections07_15_04.pdf

Cresswell, Stephen." The Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party." Buttons and Ballots. Issue 26. 2001. May 12, 2008. http://www.cresswellslist.com/ballots2/mfdp.htm

Johnson, Donald B. "Dixiecrats." The American Presidency. May 12, 2008. http://ap.grolier.com/article?assetid=0129280-00&templatename=/article/article.html

Rowen, Beth. "History of Party Conventions." InfoPlease. May 12, 2008.  http://www.infoplease.com/spot/conventions1.html

Party Machines and Immigrants

For more than a century, party machines dominated the political process in many parts of the United States where William "Boss" Tweed and his Tammany Hall henchmen and their ilk controlled the outcomes of elections in many major American cities by manipulating the immigrant vote. Although these political figures were eventually displaced by other politicians, they left a legacy of corruption, back-scratching and double-dealings that persists to this day. To determine the impact of these events on modern American politics, this paper provides a discussion concerning some of the main actors involved in party machines and immigration in the United States during the 20th century, including Frank Hague, William "Boss" Tweed, Abraham euf, George Cox, ichard Daley and Vito Lopez. A summary of the research and important findings concerning party machines and their implications for immigrants are provided in the conclusion.

eview and Discussion

Frank Hague…

References

Hamilton, C. (2012, September 4). County party chair remains powerful, if poorly understood, position. WNYC News Blog. Retrieved from  http://www.wnyc.org/blogs/wnyc-news -blog/2012/sep/04/powerful-poorly-understood-county-party-chair-seat-have/.

Howe, F.C. (1915). The modern city and its problems. Chicago: C. Scribner's Sons.

Judd, D.E. & Swanstrom, T.R. (2012). City politics. Pearson.

Luthins, R.H. & Nevins, A. (1954). American demagogues: Twentieth century. Boston: Beacon

The Democratic Party did not win another presidential election until 1913 when Woodwork Wilson was elected due to a split vote between Republican conservative candidate, William Howard Taft and Republican progressive candidate Theodore Roosevelt.

The New Freedom "was the slogan of Woodrow Wilson who came into presidential office on the platform of promising reform on a liberal basis. Specifically, through an extension of Federal regulations of banking and industry. Further reform through setting up the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Trade Commission as well as strengthening antitrust statutes on the part of Wilson. Much needed reforms to legislation of welfare was attended by Wilson. Wilson's first Administration demonstrated breaking of connections to the old tradition of Democratic laissez faire.

The Republican Party:

The Republican Party united once again nominated Rutherford . Hayes in 1876. Although the Democratic candidate, Samuel Tilden, was said to have won by popular votes, the…

Bibliography

Historical Eras [Online] available at  http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/eras.html#reform 

The United States Encyclopedia of History (1967) Vol. 6 Curtis Publishing Company Philadelphia - New York

Democratic and Republic Parties

In the same way, the Democratic party's 2000 platform is related to improving life for all Americans. The education policy seems very similar to that of the Republicans - to improve education and thus the future for young Americans. In its 2004 platform document, the Democratic party fiercely criticizes the Republican war effort and the strain that this has placed upon civil rights, emphasizing the Democratic aim to create and maintain equal rights for all.

The United tates is currently in a crisis of its own making. Civil rights are destroyed in favor of a war that few can endorse at this stage. Time alone will tell whether either party has enough strength or integrity to terminate injustice not abroad, but also at home.

ources

Democratic National Convention Committee, Inc. "The 2004 Democratic National Platform for America." 2004.

A www.democrats.org/pdfs/2004platform.pdf

Democratic Platform 2000." http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/dye4/medialib/docs/dplat2000.htm

Republican Party. "2004 Republican Party Platform."…

Sources

Democratic National Convention Committee, Inc. "The 2004 Democratic National Platform for America." 2004.

A www.democrats.org/pdfs/2004platform.pdf

Democratic Platform 2000." http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/dye4/medialib/docs/dplat2000.htm

Republican Party. "2004 Republican Party Platform." 2004. www.gop.com/media/2004platform.pdf

Meanwhile in the journal Du Bois Review (Parker, et al., 2009, p. 194) the authors point to racism and patriotism as key themes for the 2008 Democratic primary election. "Race was a consistent narrative" used by those opposed to Obama, Parker explains (p. 194). Both Clinton and the Republicans "used racial references" to attack Obama, including the attacks on Obama "for his perceived inability to connect to 'real working Americans'" (p. 194).

The Republican sideshow called "Joe the plumber" attacked Obama with the charge that Obama was "seeking to take money from hardworking 'real Americans' to give it to 'those people'" (p. 194). Clinton questioned Obama's patriotism suggesting that he was not a "real" American. Parker notes that when Governor Dukakis ran for president as a Democrat, he was attacked but no one questioned whether he was "a real American as they did with Obama" (p. 195).

The authors present…

Works Cited

Alter, Jonathan. "Leading Democrats to Bill Clinton: Pipe Down." Newsweek. (2008).

Retrieved March 17, 2010, from http://www.newsweek.com.

Balz, Dan, and Johnson, Hanes. The Battle for American 2008: The Story of an Extraordinary

Election. New York: Viking, 2009.

American Political Party

The biggest major parties in America is the Democratic party (DNC) and the Republican Party however the democrats regained control of the U.S. house and us senate in the 2006 elections and the White house in the year 2008 elections. This enables them to widen their congressional advantage and their ability to prove that they can improve on the national economy and health care.

Republican party (RNC) lost control of the big job in 2008:the presidency the party was swept out of office in response to the public's high disapproval rating of presidency .despite that the party is largely split into two ideological camps within the Republican Party, battling for control in preparation for the 2012 white house .

REPUBLICAN ON HOME LAND SECURITY: Bush together with the republicans in congress have put a great effort on home land security by taking action on multiple fronts .they…

19th century, the federalist/anti-federalist schism dominated political discourse in the United States. The so-called "first party system" became less relevant as increasing numbers of citizens became politically active, leading to a greater plurality of voices and opinions. Even then, political parties had not yet become fully formed. Most elections had candidates running independently. However, the anti-federalists had become the Democratic-Republicans and they emerged as a dominant presence in the controversial 1824 presidential election. When he was defeated in that election by John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson and his supporters started the Democratic Party as an opposition group. In response, John Quincy Adams and his Secretary of State Henry Clay rebranded the Democratic-Republican Party the National Republicans.

Jackson's Democratic party grew in popularity during his presidency. An opposition party, the Whig party, emerged in response in the 1830s. For the next several decades, the Democrats and the Whigs were the primary…

Conclusion

The modern Labour Party (also known as New Labour) has come a long way from its Socialist roots in the last two decades particularly since Tony Blair became its leader in 1994 and repositioned the Party as a centrist rather than a leftist Party. There is no doubt that the move was a success as the Labour Party won the historic 1997 elections by a landslide and has not lost an election since. The electoral success has come at the expense of the Party's socialist credentials though.

eferences

Hills, J, 1998, Thatcherism, New Labour and the Welfare State, CASEpaper Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion: London School of Economics. Available from http://sticerd.lse.ac.uk/dps/case/cp/Paper13.pdf[April27, 2008]

History of the Labour Party, 2008, New Labour for Britain, Available from http://www.labour.org.uk/history_of_the_labour_party[April27, 2008]

King, a., Denver, D., McLean, I., Norris, P., Norton, P., Sanders, D., et al. (1998). New Labour Triumphs: Britain at the Polls.…

References

Hills, J, 1998, Thatcherism, New Labour and the Welfare State, CASEpaper Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion: London School of Economics. Available from  http://sticerd.lse.ac.uk/dps/case/cp/Paper13.pdf [April27, 2008]

History of the Labour Party, 2008, New Labour for Britain, Available from  http://www.labour.org.uk/history_of_the_labour_party [April27, 2008]

King, a., Denver, D., McLean, I., Norris, P., Norton, P., Sanders, D., et al. (1998). New Labour Triumphs: Britain at the Polls. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House Publishers.

The Labour Party Manifesto: 1983, 2008, British Party Election Manifestos Since 1945, Available from  http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/area/uk/man/lab83.htm [April27, 2008]

Evolution of the Two-Party System in America

Most of the founding fathers of the United States were opposed to the formation of political parties considering them as "quarreling factions" that would foster corruption and hinder the public from freely judging issues on merit. Hence no provision was made in the U.S. Constitution for political parties. Yet a two-party has come to dominate the country's politics, with the Democratic and the Republican parties becoming the two dominant political parties in the U.S. since the mid-19th century.

As early as the 1790s, people with deferring vision of the country's future had started to band together in order to win support for their ideas. The faction that was identified with Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton and Vice President John Adams became known as the "Federalists" while those who supported Thomas Jefferson and James Madison came to be known as the "Democratic-Republicans." (Burke)…

Works Cited

Burke, Robert E. "Political Parties in the United States." Article in Encyclopedia Encarta. CD-ROM Version, 2003

Politics of the United States" Para on Political Parties. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2004. March 31, 2004.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_States 

James Madison argued in his "Federalist Papers" against a system in which "factions" (parties) could seize control of the government

The present Democratic Party traces its roots to the Jeffersonian Republicans.

Anti-Federalists and the Constitution in the Development of Political Parties

The Development of Political Parties

The Constitution and Political Parties

The Changing Ideology of Political Parties

Even before the adoption of the Constitution, political parties were beginning to form. Those who favored the Constitution were called Federalists, and were led by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison. Another group, led by Thomas Jefferson, opposed the adoption of the Constitution and was known as Antifederalists. The Antifederalists broke up after the Constitution was ratified, but they set the stage for the development of other political parties, resulting in the two party system that we have today.

The Development of Political Parties

The debate over the Constitution split people into two groups. Those who favored ratification believed that a strong federal government that would dominate the individual states. Hamilton particularly argued that the future of the country depended on the development of a…

Bibliography

Brief History of the Democratic Party." 2003. Democratic National Committee. 30 April 2003  http://www.democrats.org/about/history.html .

Elkins, Stanley and Eric McKitrick. The Age of Federalism: The Early American Republic, 1788-1800. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Main, Jackson Turner. The Antifederalists: Critics of the Constitution, 1781-1788. Chapel

Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1961.

Democratic and Republican parties have been able to maintain their strength and their membership numbers since the Civil War for both structural and ideological reasons. The ideological reasons are the most obvious to an observer and to many members of the parties; indeed it is because of the ideological positions of the two parties that people align themselves by party. The ideologies of each party are complex; a better way of describing them might be that they are intricate combinations of different ideas and ideologies. The Republican Party has consistently championed economic systems that do not favor efficient distributions of wealth and has tended toward a low degree of government intervention and regulation in economic issues and a high degree of intervention and regular in social affairs (such as abortion and civil rights). The parties endure because these ideologies (which are tied to ongoing concerns and beliefs) endure.

Single-member district…

Political Party Machines and Immigration in 19th Century America

After a bitterly contested evolution ended in the liberation of England's former colonies, the fledgling American nation embarked on the precarious path towards a style of democratic governance that had never been enacted on so large a scale. While the latter part of the 18th century was defined by political idealism, as exemplified by contributions made by our nation's Founding Fathers, the 19th century soon gave rise to an insidious process of power consolidation and voter exploitation. The egalitarian political parties envisioned during the heady days of American Independence devolved into institutional party machines, typified by widespread corruption, fraudulent activities, autocratic rule, and a blatant disregard for the foundational importance of democracy. The most effective political party machines during the 19th century were ran ruthlessly by so-called "bosses," or political titans who maintained control over their jurisdiction through a combination of…

References

Judd, D., & Swanstrom, T. (2008). City politics. (8th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Education.

Democracy and Economic Inequality in America

The fundamental aim of democracy in political governance is to ensure elected officials represent the interests of their constituents in the legislature. This means that the votes taken by members of Congress should reflect the policy preferences of their constituents. In reality, however, there is often disconnect between what legislators vote for and what their constituents prefer. In his book Unequal Democracy: The Political Economy of the New Gilded Age, Bartels argues that the increasing economic inequality in the US is evidence that legislators do not in reality represent the interests of their interests -- they represent the interests of more powerful groups or entities as opposed to the average citizen. With reference to matters of economic inequality, this paper discuses the discrepancy between the choices of legislators and the policy preferences of their constituents.

Who actually governs in the American political system remains…

Challenges to Democratic Development in Africa
Introduction
The political life in Africa has largely been characterized by poor governance and an inherently poor democratic record. This has in most cases led to not only political disillusionment, but also despair – effectively stifling the continent’s economic advancement. In effect, the challenges facing the continent as far as democratic development is concerned stem from political misrule coupled with the adverse effects of imposed westernization, as well as globalization and resource exploitation. As a consequence, the continent continues to suffer demobilization on the political front which has effectively led to economic decapitation. Millions of the continent’s inhabitants continue to be afflicted by disease and poverty, and illiteracy levels continue to be high in most countries. This text assesses and evaluates challenges to democratic development in Africa in the context of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Democracy, as per its dictionary definition, has got…

The Democrats took over Congress in the 2006 mid-term elections, and while the party wished to have the administration adopt a policy to either "get out now" of Iraq, or "stabilize, then withdraw."

Those suggestions were met with patriotic, even nationalistic opposition from Bush and his very vocal vice president, Dick Cheney (Hartung, 44-45). "However reasonable the merits" were of Congress cutting off funding for the war in Iraq, Hartung continues, Cheney and others supporting the administration held a hammer over their heads in the form of jingoistic phrases like, if you vote to cut off funds you are "voting against the troops" (Hartung, 44). Leaving American troops hanging out there in Iraq would be unthinkable, it was argued from the Bush point-of-view.

Meanwhile, author Lewis B. Smith points out that arguing against the Bush invasion of Iraq was pointless for Congress, due to the sense of patriotism in the…

Works Cited

Bennet, Douglas J. (1978). Congress in Foreign Policy: Who Needs It? Foreign Affairs, 57(1),

40-50.

Delaney, Kate. (2006). What's New? Don't Forget Capitol Hill. The Journal of American

History, 93(2), 437-440.

Rick Santorum's official campaign put out the next ad, entitled Obama Ville. It was released on March 23, 2012. It creates the image of empty American towns in 2 years, and uses very dark imagery and almost horror-genre like angst. The images of the residents of these towns are cast in dark shadows, and with depressing old infrastructure. This advertisement is painting the picture that in the next 2 years President Obama will destroy the American way of life. The second half of the ad shows the face of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of Iran, as that country defies America and seeks Nuclear Power. The end of the advertisement has the image of "Obama Ville, coming to a town near you," in a pseudo 1950s Hitchcock style, and plugs the official website of Rick Santorum.com for more content on this subject (Santorum, Obama Ville, 2012). Despite airing so recently, Mitt Romney…

Works Cited

Chen, H. (2009). AI, E-government, and Politics 2.0. Intellegent Systems, 64-86.

Crawford, K. (2009). Following you: Disciplines of listening in social media. Journal of Media & Cultural Studies, 525-535.

Crowe, T. (2012, March 1). Santorum more electable than Romney? Retrieved from Catholic Vote:  http://www.catholicvote.org/discuss/index.php?p=27435 

Gabriel, Trip. (2012). Wisconsin Votes in Primaries." NYTimes. Retrieved from  http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/04/us/politics/wisconsin-votes-after - fiercely-fought- battle.html?_r=1&scp=8&sq=primary%20advertisements&st=cse

However, the system is much more representative. Thus, in the ritish Parliament there are representatives from the Scottish parliament as well as from the Northern Ireland Assembly. Even so, the proposals for the reform of the electoral law and program have tried to ease the access of the population to the voting system, to increase the public awareness in relation to the political representation. This would determine a better ethnical and religious representation on the one hand, an element that would help the issues with Northern Ireland. At the same time, it would influence the way in which people express their opinions, views, and preferences, which would in time determine a change in the economic and political decisions taken at the level of the Parliament.

Changes such as the ones from Russia and ritain can affect to a certain point the American political framework. The Russian democracy cannot be considered…

Bibliography

Berstein, Serge, and Milza. Pierre. Histoire de l'Europe. Paris: Hatier, 1994

CIA. "The Russian Federation." The World Fact Book. 2008. 7 March 2008  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rs.html 

CIA. "United Kingdom." The World Fact Book. 2008. 7 March 2008  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uk.html 

Cohen, Ariel. "Putin's Legacy and United Russia's New Ideology." The Heritage Foundation. 2006. 7 March 2008  http://www.heritage.org/Research/RussiaandEurasia/bg1940.cfm

The merits of the two-party system all stem from its perceived (and probably justifiably so) stability. That stability is offered by many as reason enough to avoid rocking the boat. But, as presented here, the arguments against the two-party system and, indeed, maybe against stability itself, are more persuasive. The U.S. can handle electoral dynamics associated with more than two parties, and it seems that the governing body can only benefit from the injection of new, perhaps radical, ideas. hile the two-party system is unlikely to change in the near future, it seems possible that a charismatic and visionary leader from a third party could tap into broad public dissatisfaction and create a whole new chapter for America.

orks Cited

Alesina, Alberto. (1988). Credibility and Policy Convergence in a Two-Party System

with Rational Voters. The American Economic Review, 78 (4): 796-805

Arjmand, Marzieh. (2010). Two-Party System in the United States.…

Works Cited

Alesina, Alberto. (1988). Credibility and Policy Convergence in a Two-Party System

with Rational Voters. The American Economic Review, 78 (4): 796-805

Arjmand, Marzieh. (2010). Two-Party System in the United States. Available at:

 http://ezinearticles.com/?Two-Party-System-in-the-United-States&id=3498174

The Republican website also has a link for connecting with local GOP groups as well as links for creating a personal space on the website and calling talk radio to get the word out. Both sites encourage members to take action by calling and writing elected officials and signing relevant petitions.

Each differs greatly in how they appear. The Democratic website has a slogan contest on its home page, which seems odd, and the RNC website has rolling ads featuring Sebelius, Obama's first month, and the history of the Republican Party. The DNC website seems easier on the eyes and it would be fitting that they would post stories that praise the President. The RNC website is busier but it also offers more information about many things. They offer a toolbar and a Facebook Group for the web savvy.

Parties and Party Systems

The Creation and ole of Political Parties and ole Effects

In general political parties have four main relevant dimensions; government control to some degree and in some facet including legislation making and approval and nominations to electoral bids and/or nominations to nonelected positions in government, a stable base which includes mass popular or populous support, they have some internal structure that controls funding and platform and finally they are a source of information to the public. According to Katz the defining characteristics of a party include their general position as "central actors" in democratic as well as other forms of government and they are very unlikely to be replaced by "social movements or governance networks" (2008, p.294) The central role or most important dimension of a political party is its ability to control government in some fashion, the development of this aspect of the party system…

References

Katz, R.S. (2008) "Political parties," in Daniele Caramani, ed., Comparative politics.

(Oxford: Oxford University Press,), pp. 293-317.

Sartori, G. (2005) Parties and party systems: a framework for analysis. Colchester, UK: University of Essex Press.

Ware, A. "The classification of party systems," Chapter 5 in book Political

Newspapers frequently feature stories democratic principles processes contribute democratic governance impact a wide variety issues ranging distribution flu vaccines legal venue terrorist trials. Public policies formulated address issues result influence application democratic principles processes.

Public policy issue: Healthcare reform

The issue of healthcare

Healthcare is an extremely complex, bureaucratic public policy issue. However, it is also very emotional for many Americans given healthcare encompasses the 'hot button' issues of physical health and spending large amounts of money. The recent debate over the Affordable Care Act is only one of many national 'conversations' about healthcare that has resulted in partisan divisions even within families.

Democratic principle 1: Autonomy

Perhaps the most controversial aspect of the ACA is the individual mandate, which states that all Americans must have health insurance or pay a penalty unless this will cause them undue hardship. Many conservatives bridle at the fact that they are being 'compelled'…

References

Belvedere, M. (2013). Truth about Obamacare? Mandate wasn't needed. CNBC. Retrieved:

 http://www.cnbc.com/id/101301394 

Nelson, S. (2013). Colin Powell endorses single-payer health care. U.S. News and World Report.

Retrieved: http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/12/10/colin-powell-endorses-single-payer-health-care

Overarching theme of the Democratic-epublican National Committee

Statement of the purpose of the exercise

The objective of the table top stimulus has been to replicate as practically as one possibly can the likeliest circumstances that the actual work-team task force might experience throughout the DNC, in addition to a worst-case scenario.

Participating entities and their roles

A few of the entities included within the table top conference consist of: Major Susan Barker, the commander of the Crime Scene Investigations Bureau related to the Miami-Dade Police Department (MDPD) together with professionals coming from the Miami-Dade Police Crime Lab, the Broward County Sheriff's Workplace Crime Scene Investigations Bureau, the town of Miami PD Crime Scene Section, Jackson Memorial Hospital, the FBI's Hazardous Material esponse Unit, the Miami-Dade Police Bomb Squad, the Miami-Dade Healthcare Examiner's Office, the 44th Civil Support Team related to the Florida National Guard, along with Miami-Dade Fire escue's Urban…

References

Corley, J., and Lejerskar, D. (2003). Simulation for Emergency Response: Homeland Defense Center Network - Capitalizing on Simulation, Modeling and Visualization for Emergency Preparedness, Response and Mitigation. In Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Winter Simulation: Driving Innovation (New Orleans, LA). Winter Simulation Conference, 1061-1067.

DHS (Department Of Homeland Security). (2004). Fact Sheet: National Incident Management System (NIMS). http://www.dhs.gov/xnews/releases/press_release_0363.shtm.

Frishberg, L. (2005). Looking Back at Plan AHEAD™: Exercising User-Centered Design in Emergency Management. In CHI '05 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Portland, OR). ACM Press, New York, NY, 988-1003.

Jain, S., and Mclean, C. 2003. Simulation for Emergency Response: A Framework for Modeling and Simulation for Emergency Response. In Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Winter Simulation: Driving Innovation (New Orleans, LA). Winter Simulation Conference, 1068-1076.

Thomas Jefferson Politics

Decisions and Actions

Democratic-epublican Party's Beliefs and Ideals

Federalist Party's Beliefs and Ideals

Initiated the first Barbary War -- Aligned most with the Federalists party because it was a display of national power.

They were terrified of a strong national government.

They were strong believers of a central government

Bought the Louisiana Purchase -- Aligned most with the Federalist party because they believed in expanding national power by expanding their territory and property.

They understood the Constitution as being an essential document to limit the powers of the federal government.

They believed that listening to the citizens would make for a weak government system.

Initiated the Lewis and Clark Expedition -- Aligned most with the Democratic-epublican party because it was in the best interest of the people who would be settling there. It also provided insight into the agricultural possibilities in that part of the nation.

They…

References:

Meacham, J. (2012). Thomas Jefferson: The art of power. New York, NY: Random House.

National Archives. (2013). The Center for Legislative Archives. Archives.gov. Retrieved April 16, 2013 from  http://www.archives.gov/about/history/building-an - archives/jefferson-letter.html

ecause the secularization of society has tended to cause erosion to religious identities and to bring about a change in terms of intergenerational value the result is laden with many new issues that:

"…cut across establish party cleavages; the impact of social and geographic mobility weakening community social networks; the rise of television broadcasting replacing older channels of political communications through partisan newspapers, personal discussion and party campaign organizations; growing multiculturalism resulting from migration, which was generating cross-cutting social cleavages based on racial and ethnic identities; and the increased complexity of newer issues on the policy agenda, such as globalization, environmentalism, sexuality, and international terrorism, that do not comfortably fit into older patterns of party competition16. As a result of these processes, identities based on social class and religious denomination no longer seem as capable of generating unwavering and habitual party loyalties in many postindustrial societies as they were in…

Bibliography

Smith, Bill; Miller, Ann W.; Archer, Thomas; and Hague, Carla (nd) Working with Diverse Cultures. Ohio State University Fact Sheet. Online available at:  http://ohioline.osu.edu/bc-fact/0014.html 

Religious Parties and Electoral Behavioral (2003) Sacred and Secular. Chapter 9. Online available at:  http://www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/pnorris/Acrobat/Sacred_and_Secular/Chapter%209.pdf 

Brazzel, Michael. "Building a Culture of Diversity in the Cooperative Extension System: A Paper to Foster Dialogue and Discussion About Pluralism in Extension." ECOP and ES-USDA National Diversity Strategic Planning Conference, Denver, Colorado, September, 1991.

These were all things that were a part of the national, state, and local Progressive movements. Though many of the prominent figures of the Progressive Party were looking for personal achievement in addition to the governmental reforms they stood for, part of the Progressive strategy was also to force the major parties to deal with the issues that the Progressive Party was raising. This role of the third party has been cited many times throughout this nation's history, and Colorado during this time is a prime example, on a smaller scale, of exactly how this strategy worked. By engaging voters in the idea that government could be changes, and that in a democracy there were still many choices to be made that were up to the voters, the Progressive Party was able to gain enough statewide support that the Democratic governor, who had already proved himself to be fairly progressive,…

Edward P. Costigan, later a Democrat appointed to office by President Woodrow Wilson and eventually serving as a United States Senator for the same party, helped to found the Colorado Progressive Party in 1912, but lost his bid for the governorship of that state. The major platform of the Progressive Party included major governmental reforms at almost every level of government, from election reforms that included women's suffrage to the redefining of the judicial role away from dependence on oral arguments and precedents in favor of careful consideration of the factual information on hand, and even extending down to the reorganization of city and local politics to prevent the "boss" system that existed in so many localities. In Colorado specifically, many the Democratic governor elected in 1908, John F. Shafroth, incorporated much of the Progressive platform into his campaign and the actions of his administration, which is at least partially responsible for the incumbent's defeat of Edward P. Costigan. The reformative requirements urged by the progressive party were given serious consideration and much implementation in Colorado's state government during this time; under Shafroth's administration, corruption was heavily cracked down on and brought to very low or non-existent levels, and both primaries and the election of senators were moved to a direct process.

These were all things that were a part of the national, state, and local Progressive movements. Though many of the prominent figures of the Progressive Party were looking for personal achievement in addition to the governmental reforms they stood for, part of the Progressive strategy was also to force the major parties to deal with the issues that the Progressive Party was raising. This role of the third party has been cited many times throughout this nation's history, and Colorado during this time is a prime example, on a smaller scale, of exactly how this strategy worked. By engaging voters in the idea that government could be changes, and that in a democracy there were still many choices to be made that were up to the voters, the Progressive Party was able to gain enough statewide support that the Democratic governor, who had already proved himself to be fairly progressive, was forced to incorporate even more drastic and extensive reforms into his campaign promises as a way of maintaining power.

Only an incredibly cynical view of this period of Colorado and national politics could claim that the progressive movement, or the official Progressive Party, was a failure. Though the did not succeed in winning positions of great power in the executive branches of either the state or federal governments, the issues that the movement and Party raised became a part of the national political dialogue, and many reforms were accomplished because of the interest and attitudes advocated by Progressive Party members. The several iterations of the Progressive Party continued to affect national politics for several more decades, not winning any offices but helping to set the agenda.

Here we see that the staff and the students had their own responsibilities and those responsibilities are quite different from the traditional ones we find in traditional schools. Horton thought that a significant aspect of the teacher's role was to empower students to "think and act for themselves" (Thayer-Bacon). We can see that Horton placed responsibility on both the students and the staff. They were to learn from one another but the staff was to be aware of the student's plight as well as help them be the best that they could be.

Is what Highlander does "really" adult education? Why or why not?

Highlander does educate but it is not typical in comparison to traditional learning. When we think of adult education, we think of textbooks, professors giving lectures, students taking notes, and a most definite dividing line between the two. Students and professors do not generally have to…

Malware Attacks the Democratic Process

Once upon a time, a candidate had to excel at kissing babies and stump speeches. These were the major ways in which the candidate got his -- or much less frequently her -- image out to voters. All that the candidate's staff had to do as to ensure that reporters and photographers showed up at the right time to capture the choreographed images. The world of politicking today has been entirely transformed by the use of virtual communication, both websites and social media. Thus not only do campaign staffs have to be ever-vigilant for the unscripted moment on the trail in which the candidate is caught with the rabbit-in-the-headlights look. They also have to be constantly on the look-out for attacks on websites that will either distort the candidate's message or shut down the ability of the candidate to get that message out. This paper…

References

College of New Jersey security guidelines. Retrieved from  http://www.tcnj.edu/~it/security/passwords.html .

Murphy, S. (18 April 2010). Revere candidate target of cyber attack:AG Coakley investigating offensive posts. Retrieved from  http://www.boston.com/news/local/Massachusetts/articles/2010/04/18/revere_candidate_target_of_cyber_attack/ 

Poremba, S.M. (24 April 2008). Presidential campaign cyber-attacks are here to stay. Retrieved from  http://www.scmagazineus.com/presidential-campaign-cyberattacks-appear-here-to-stay/article/109412/

Tea Party

The American tea party

The Tea Party is a populist movement that promotes several conservative values which include the following;

Limitations on the authority of the U.S. federal government

eduction of government spending and the national debt

eduction of personal and corporate taxes

This is a party that has been known over the historical moments to pull frustrated and concerned Americans together to protest against excessive government spending coupled with increased debt burden. This conservative group has it that the government's growing involvement in business and indulgence in individual freedom is a deviation from conservative values.

Since its inception to date, the mission of the Tea Party Coalition has been to organize and launch in a rapid response fashion special nationwide projects that will help to advance the goal of a return to a constitutionally limited government that does not go overboard, through whichever arm to disenfranchise the…

References

David W. Koeller, (1999). The Boston Tea Party 1773. Retrieved July 28, 2011 from  http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/usa/teaparty.html 

Eye Witness to History, (2002). The Boston Tea Party, 1773. Retrieved July 28, 2011 from  http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/teaparty.htm 

James L. Roark et.al. Eds. The American Promise: A History of the United States. Fourth Ed.

Vol I. Bedford/St. Martin's: New York.

Conclusion: The Benefits of a Third-Party Friendly System

hile both proponents and those in opposition to a two-party system have well-founded arguments, the third-party friendly system is the system that most makes sense in today's modern democracy. As presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama have made clear, the American people are ready for change. They are tired of the same old formula Republicans and Democrats, and they want to be represented by candidates whom they can truly feel represented by. A coalition government consisting of third parties would accomplish that change. Although this government may take longer to arrive at decisions, it would ultimately come up with the decisions that the majority of the Americans want, while still including the opinions of the minority. These coalitions would pass laws that were more representative of what America wants. Instead of retreating into the old, tired formula of choice a or…

Works Cited

Evolution of American political parties from the Revolution to Reconstruction." 23

August 2003. Everything2. 26 October 2008. Everything2.  http://everything2.com/index.pl-node_id=1486844 .

What is the history of 'third parties' in the United States?" This Nation.com 2008. This Nation.com. 26 October 2008.  http://www.thisnation.com/question/042.html .

It would likely also require the diplomatic alignment of the U.S. with United Nations interests, which has traditionally not been a guarantee. This would combine with the established potential of counter-terrorist cells to strike on U.S. soil to place unprecedented emphasis on securing U.S. borders from entities clearly designated as enemies of the U.S. Such an enemy list that includes a nuclear power such as North Korea could therefore pose grave consequences for the U.S. And for the entire world.

The history of North Korea's nuclear program has frequently been shrouded in secrecy, sheltered from the IAEA and denounced by the United Nations Security Council. With the announcement of the arrival of the nation as a nuclear power, there is little for North Korea to shield from the rest of the world beyond the tenuous nature of its political machine. It remains to be seen if North Korea can maintain…

Bibliography

Globalsecurity.org. Weapons of Mass Destruction: Nuclear Weapons Program.

 http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/dprk/nuke.htm 

McDonald, Mark. "North Korea Suggests Libya Should Have Kept Nuclear Program"

New York Times (New York), March 24, 2011. Retrieved from  http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/25/world/asia/25korea.html

philosophy of education through a historical and then through an explicitly Christian lens, with a focus on the political role of education, and the Christian philosophy of John Milton. Milton's 1644 works Areopagitica and Of Education are invoked to justify the true Christian purpose of education as being exposure to the sort of free expression and free exchange of ideas that are guaranteed in America under the First Amendment.

What would a true Christian philosophy of education look like? The answer might actually be surprising to the majority of Americans who identify themselves as Christian and seek a Christian education. In 2014, frequently Christian education can seem retrograde, a form of ressentiment and indoctrination that derides Darwinism and has a greater interest in upholding a political consensus than in embodying the ideals set forth by Christ Himself. I propose to examine a Christian philosophy of education through a somewhat unique…

References

Fish, S. (1971) Surprised by sin: The reader in Paradise Lost. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Gaustad, E.S. (2005). Roger Williams. New York: Oxford University Press.

Gutek, G.L. (2011). Historical and philosophical foundations of education: A Biographical introduction (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

Jefferson, T. (1778) A bill for the more general diffusion of knowledge. Retrieved from  http://candst.tripod.com/jefflaw1.htm

Democratic Party in Massachusetts in the last few years of the decade. Particularly, the paper will assess why the Democratic Party seems to have lost its historic continuity with middle-income voters as evidenced by the popularity of republican themes and issues. The paper will also specifically, examine the role of African-American problems in the philosophy of the democratic party and the receptivity of office holders and office seekers to identify with minority people's problems. The press will be used to help reflect on this idea in Massachusetts. The analysis and information regarding the democratic party of Massachusetts will be further included in the paper so as to present the readers with the relative information regarding the actions and strategies of the democratic party of Massachusetts. In the end, a conclusion will be provided in the paper with respect to the evidences and information, which will be discussed throughout in the…

Works Cited

As retrieved from Democratic Party 1834 -- present http://library.thinkquest.org/~12587/contents/parties/democrat/democrats.html. On May13, 2004

As retrieved from Massachusetts

 http://www.massdems.org/agenda/civilrights.htm . On May13, 2004

As retrieved from PREAMBLE

urthermore, voter turnout for election 2004 exceeded voter turnout for 2000 by approximately 8%. However, many of those voters can be attributed to efforts of special interest groups, which appealed to voters in the extremes of both parties. If the Democrats plan to win future elections, they have to capture undecided voters in the swing states. The Democrats are not going to win the votes of the undecided by appealing to the far left of the Democratic Party.

Perhaps the best recent example of a moderate Democrat is Bill Clinton. Clinton was the last successful Democratic Presidential. In addition to being a political moderate, and despite the fact that Clinton was also better-educated than the average American and less overtly religious than Kerry, Clinton was seen as more in-touch with the average person. Some Democratic Party centrists have complained that Kerry's loss was due to him straying from the winning…

Fineman, Howard and Weston Kosova. 2004. Wanted: Better Donkeys. Newsweek. 15 November, 26.

Zakaria, Fareed. 2004. Writing Prose for a New Team. Newsweek, 15 November, 33.

Will, George F. 2004. The Deflation of Politics. Newsweek, 8 November, 64.

At the time of this report on October 27, 2010, the Brotherhood spoke out against boycotting the upcoming election, but projected a rather optimistic attitude towards resolving the conflict that confronted them. Still, in light of this optimistic attitude, they did not deny that it would oppose the anti-government in other ways (Arrott). Senior Brotherhood leader, Essam el-Eryan commented, "hat is urgent and a priority is to change the rules of the political game. e are ready to accommodate with any real political system…but we are living in a police state."

On December 1, 2010, it was reported that the Brotherhood planned to boycott the 2010 elections run offs (CNN Newswire). The boycott is being held as a protest to the irregularities in the first round of voting held on November 24, 2010. (CNN Newswire).

The Brotherhood did not win a single seat in Parliament in the 2010 election after…

Works Cited

Abd al-Monein, Said. "Modern Islamic Reform Movements: The Muslim Brotherhood in Contemporary Egypt." Middle East Journal 36.3 (1982): n. pag. Web. 7 Dec. 2010.

American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. "Hosni Muhammad' Mubarak." Jewish Virtual

Library, 2000. Web. 7 Dec. 2010.

Arrott, Elizabeth. "Egyptian Brotherhood Under Pressure Prior to 2010 Elections." VOA

This was because of some of the reforms that he introduced for corporations, for public spending, environmental protection and transportation sectors. Since powerful LDP members had vested interests in these sectors, they did not approve of all the reforms and hence were wary of Koizumi and his brand of politics.

Economic problems

The articles about Koizumi and Abe suggest that Japan suffers from serious economic problems that the political system cannot resolve. Why not? What are the political obstacles to changing Japanese politics? How does it relate to the Johnson reading?

Japan has had enormous economic success over the decades but lately its problems are negating the effects of earlier successes. I cannot agree with the opinion that economic problems cannot be solved through political means. Even though other factors do play in, it is the political system that determines the path economy will take. By political system, we mean…

References

Tomohito Shinoda. Koizumi Diplomacy: Japan's Kantei Approach to Foreign and Defense Affairs University of Washington Press (April 15, 2007)

Chalmers A. Johnson. Japan: Who Governs?: The Rise of the Developmental State W.W. Norton & Company (March 1995)

Walter Lippmann, Drift and Mastery

Walter Lippmann wrote Drift and Mastery in 1914, at a time when party politics in the United States were in a distinct state of flux. The 1912 election of Woodrow Wilson was the first time since the Civil War that a Democrat was elected President -- if we recall that Grover Cleveland (the only other Democrat elected in this half-century) was only elected by the support of the renegade "Mugwump" Republicans, who were dissatisfied with corruption within their own party. The split between traditionalism and reform among the Republicans, however, that permitted Cleveland's election had widened into an actual party split -- Theodore Roosevelt ran as a "ull Moose" Progressive against Taft, while Eugene V. Debs ran to Wilson's left as a Socialist. In some sense, Lippmann's Drift and Mastery is a response to the strange condition of partisan politics at this moment in American…

Bibliography

Lippmann, Walter. Drift and Mastery: An Attempt to Diagnose the Current Unrest. New York: Mitchell Kennerley, 1914.

56th President of the United States which has represents an unprecedented race in the American Democratic Party between Senators Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. he relationship of Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton's leadership styles from the perspective of four distinct variables: gender, culture, trust and likelihood of voting. he author believes that the perception of fairness is the single most essential leadership trait which leaders should acquire in order to garner trust and commitment among voters. Consequently, the author also believes that this also applies to leadership in the business world.

he article conducts a literature review that focuses on different aspects of leadership. here is some controversy in the study of leadership as the author alludes to. here are several research studies that show that there is empirical evidence to suggest that leaders play a critical part in an organization working toward organizational goals. However, some of works have…

The article continues to illustrate various components of leadership and how they are presented in the literature with Obama's and Clinton's leadership styles and campaign messages as the focal point. For example, the article mentions that Barack Obama's winning Democratic Party Nominee Elections campaign, his change message in particular, was far superior in 2008 from an ethical standpoint. This seems to be a fairly loaded assumption that is difficult to test empirically.

He contrasts Clinton's campaign as a more top down approach based on her political life that allowed her to mingle constantly with the political elite. By contrast, Obama's career formed from a more bottom up approach in he worked as a community organizer in Chicago. It is noted that transformational leadership can be facilitated by the level of trust in the leader. Therefore, based on these criteria, it is assumed that Obama's level of trust based on his bottom up career development would be higher and more legitimate among the populace. Although this seems like a reasonable statement, it is still highly speculative without any empirical analysis being conducted on the two candidates.

The actual experiment works to test some of the hypotheses that were generated in the literature review. The independent and dependent variables were measured with a survey that used the Likert Scale to measure responses. The study concludes that the leadership styles of Obama and Clinton are striking different. Barack Obama was perceived as a transformational leader while Clinton was perceived more as a transactional leader. Although I intuitively agree with the study's findings, the evidence that is presented is subject to some skepticism. There are a plethora of limitations that the study had to overcome to be able to test the hypothesis. One obvious one was the sample size. Another limitation that the author alludes to is the cultural variables of the sample which oversimplifies culture into either East or West categories as opposed to more specific geographies. Although I found the article interesting, I'm not sure that it adds significant value to the study of leadership.

GOP Aacks on NLRB

Labor Movemen & Srucure of he NLRB

In his paper I explore he sae of he curren relaionship beween he Republican Pary and he Labor movemen in he Unied Saes. In par one I briefly race he hisory of he labor movemen in he Unied Saes and he passage of he Naional Labor Relaions Ac and he emergence of he Naional Labor Relaions Board. . In he paper's second secion, I discuss he GOP's sraegy a he sae level-wih special aenion paid o Wisconsin and Ohio. In par hree, I discuss he GOP's sraegy a he naional level wih respec o heir aacks on he Naional Labor Relaions Board, focusing specifically on he House's refusal o appoin and approve anymore Board Members and heir recen passage of he Proecing Jobs from Governmen Inerference Ac. Finally, I explore boh he fuure prospecs of union busing sraegies and…

to the Board's duties and mission. The site houses a copy of the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 and its subsequent amendments, in addition to an explanation of the duties of the NLRB, its dispute resolution process, directions regarding how to file a complaint, and the life cycle of labor law violations.

Zieger, R.H., & Hall, G.J. (2002). American workers, american unions: The twentieth century. (pp. 13-56). Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.

Zieger and Hall catalogue the history of the American Labor Movement by beginning with a frank look at the state of unregulated industry in the first quarter of the twentieth century. They move on to catalogue the rise and fall of the American Labor Movement including the emergence of the strikes, the legal battles, the issue of race and labor, and finally the nature of labor in the United States at the beginning of the 21st Century. Zieger and Hall provide an extensive historical and legal overview of the rise of the unions.

ection 4: Plunkitt's Patriotism

It seems to me that the Plunkitt was the type of man whom Theodore Roosevelt was after with his big stick and gentler words. Plunkitt's gist from beginning to end centers on money and he addresses politics from that point. Rather than serving for the good of the people, he starts off his memorandum by discriminating between honest and dishonest graft, telling the people how he makes his money -- through betting on property -- and ends off quoting Croker (" a real Tammany statesman") who says that: "I'm in favor of all kinds of money -- the more the better." ee also his section on Civil Law, where he deems it a waste of time for students of politics in engage in studying politics as subject.

Plunkitt avows his repugnance towards theories and towards laws that seek to regulate Big Business and, over and again,…

Source

Riordon, W. Plunkitt of Tammany Hall, 1963. Project Guttenberg, 2001.

 http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/plunkett-george/tammany-hall/

Unions are various organizations are formed by and for workers to practice collective wages, objectives, rules and benefits in a workplace environment. Unions started to grow mainly after the civil war as one of the reactions to contemporary industrial economy requirements.

Labor unions began forming in the mid-19th century, but because of their large scales and poor organization, soon collapsed. At its peak membership and power in the 1970's, private sector union membership sill continues to decline. Careful consideration on the necessity of union support in relation to union decline, influential generational aspects, and also external impacts as well as direction are detrimental in the success of unions in the 21st century. (Borjas, 2009)

There have been a lot of factors contributing to the success and failures of unions. Few of them include the federal and international labour laws, disagreements amongst workers as to form unions and what kinds of…

References

Berg, J, Kucera, D.(2008), in defense of Labor Institutions: cultivating justice in developing world, Palgrave Mcmillan

Borjas, G, 2009, Labor Economics, Mcgraw Hill/Irwin

Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2005, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2005

Holger, R,. (2004), Employment Relation in United States: law, policy and practice, Sage Publications

It was during the same period that hostilities with the communist leadership culminated into the bombing of Libya, loggerheads with the Soviet Union and a stiff arms race with the U.S.S.R.

It is also significant to note that it was during the same time that he successfully engaged Mikhail Gorbachev who was then the Soviet General secretary and culminated into the signing of Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty that signaled the end in arms race and both countries agreed to decrease in nuclear weapons in their custody.

Upon ascending to presidency, Reagan was bent on introducing new political as well as economic dispensations radically. He advocated more for supply-side economics which saw him push for reduction of tax rates to speed up economic growth, money supply control to check inflation, reduction of regulation on the economy particularly business to encourage competitive and free-market free for all which as a matter…

(Harvey, 2003) the suspicion of the United States of the "Soviet Expansionist tendencies" had increased by the 1970s and Harvey states as well that "The pervasive mentality of Washington officials during these years was dominated by the communist domino theory which led many Washington politicians to believe that the Soviet Union sought to take over the entire world." (2003) the United States had always received a safeguard provided by the shah for their Middle East interest of oil and it was this that resulted in the United States perceiving the Soviet-Afghanistan relations as a "considerable threat...before 1979." (Harvey, 2003)

Harvey reports that while Department of State records from the early 1970s report that the United States was indifferent to the relationship that was developing between the Soviet Union and Afghanistan that the truth is that "...Recently declassified ntelligence reports also reveal that the "official history record is false."

[26] Contrary…

Isby, David C. (1999) War in a Distant Country. New York: Arms and Armour Press, 1989. Rashid, Ahmed (2000) Taliban. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000.

Terrorism Project. (2001) "Lessons from History: U.S. Policy Towards Afghanistan, 1978-2001." 5 October 2001. Online available at; .

United States Department of State (1976) Annual Policy Assessment, March 9, 1976.

musical style epitomized the 1920s? Jazz

What did John Steinbeck describe in he Grapes of Wrath? he dust bowl and its impact on agricultural families during the great depression.

National Industrial Recovery Act? An act created by President Roosevelt to stimulate the economy by allowing the government to regulate particular industries.

What did the Civilian Conservation Corps do? Created jobs on state and national lands to stimulate the economy.

What did Eleanor Roosevelt see as her primary role as First Lady? o be an advocate for civil rights

Which of the following was not true concerning the election of 1936? Incomplete Question

Which of the following pieces of legislation was an attempt at campaign reform in the late 1930s? Incomplete Question

he National Resources Planning Board facilitated? he National Resources Planning Board facilitated creating and implementing employment for young men during the great depression.

What feature of the Agricultural Adjustment…

The Manhattan Project was? The secret project for inventing the atom bomb

Who were the Scottsboro boys? Nine black teenagers accused of rape in a 1931 Alabama case. It revealed the deeply seated racism in Alabama due to its denial of a fair trail.

A. Philip Randolph's call for a massive march on Washington led to? Desegregation of the armed forces.

As Japan became a modern state under this period, a status system was formed, which designated specific sectors of the society into various classes and functions. he status system was composed of the samurai, the commoners (peasant farmers, merchants, and artisans), and the daimyo, the land-holding class. During the Meiji period, the samurai class had the highest position and the most favorable privilege among the classes. However, as the country moved toward modernization in the 20th century, this status system was dissolved and a new social order emerged. he commoners and daimyo became more successful than the samurai because of the former's economic wealth and capabilities, as compared to the samurai who have only status but still depend on the daimyo for money.

Modern Japan no longer subsisted to this kind of social stratification. No classes in society were created, be it in terms of religion, race, business affiliation, or…

The Liberal Democratic Party was an example of a political entity which has cultivated a corporatist nature to its politics. The LDP being the oldest and strongest political party in Japan, it dominated and controlled the Diet for many years since the emergence of 20th century. As the 20th century prepared for the coming of the 21st century, LDP had been the focus of political scandals, wherein its strong connections with businesses and corporations revealed that Japanese politics was controlled not by the LDP, but its sponsor businesses instead. In 1998-2001, it was found that LDP had been involved in the long history of corruption and bribery from businesses and corporations in exchange for a promise in deregulation in specific sectors of the business/economic society (e.g., banking and financing and manufacturing).

The social structure of Japan at present was not as hierarchical and stratified as it was during the Meiji Restoration period. As Japan became a modern state under this period, a status system was formed, which designated specific sectors of the society into various classes and functions. The status system was composed of the samurai, the commoners (peasant farmers, merchants, and artisans), and the daimyo, the land-holding class. During the Meiji period, the samurai class had the highest position and the most favorable privilege among the classes. However, as the country moved toward modernization in the 20th century, this status system was dissolved and a new social order emerged. The commoners and daimyo became more successful than the samurai because of the former's economic wealth and capabilities, as compared to the samurai who have only status but still depend on the daimyo for money.

Modern Japan no longer subsisted to this kind of social stratification. No classes in society were created, be it in terms of religion, race, business affiliation, or political affiliation. Perhaps the most evident form of class stratification was geographical in nature: there is the "burakumin" or "hamlet people," which was stratified as such because they lived in segregated villages in the country. The burakumin was the equivalent of America's ghettos, wherein most of the minority members of the society live. Not only are the burakumin segregated geographically, they are also marginalized in the sense that burakumin people are assigned jobs and activities that are considered "unclean" by the Japanese, that is, menial working such as cleaning, slaughtering animals, and disposing of the dead. This stratification in Japanese society has little influence in politics, mainly because they are not active participants and involved in Japanese politics. The burakumin, in effect, are not represented in Japanese politics.

She also clearly makes a stand against continuing to rely to any large degree on non-renewable resources and giving the scientific community more authority and right.

Clinton Platform;

Clinton's platform is currently relying very heavily upon the idea of helping the middle class. Her campaign bus is currently touring Iowa with a slogan of "The Middle Class Express." She is actively seeking middle class support, and her platform is dominated by issues resolving to make those who currently feel invisible in the current administration. She is speaking to the idea that the rich are getting richer, the poor are getting poorer and the middle class is disappearing. The sentiment is a strongly held belief in middle America and the platform is strong, as it speaks to the current feeling of America.

If you place your mouse over the numbers next to Clinton's opening picture on her official website her position…

Resources

AP, "Democratic rivals target Hillary Clinton in debate" October 30, 2007,  http://www.clarionledger.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071030/NEWS/71030060 

Clinton, Hillary, Official Website 2008 Candidacy Retrieved October 30, 2007 from www, hillaryclinton.com

Clinton, Hillary, Senator NY Overview Immigration Retrieved October 30, 2007 at http://clinton.senate.gov/issues/immigration

CNN Elections 2008 Info Retrieved October 30, 2007 at  http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/issues/issues.socialsecurity.html

epublican/Democrat

epublican and Democratic are the two major political parties in the United States and form a huge portion of the country's governance. epublican and Democratic parties have dominated American politics for a long period of time. Even though these political parties dominate the political landscape of the United States, they have significant differences in their ideals and philosophies. These varying ideals and philosophies are attributed to the fundamental differences between republicans and democrats. In addition to the fundamental differences, the two major political parties in the United States have relatively differing histories with regards to their formation and development.

Since their inception, epublican and Democratic parties have experienced long transition in their ideological principles that has influenced their development. The Democratic Party started as the conservative Democratic epublican Party in the 1790s whose first presidential nominee was the conservative Thomas Jefferson. The members of this party were anti-federalists who…

References

Berg-Andersson, R.E. (2001, May 21). A Brief History of American "Major Parties and the "Two-Party" System in the United States. Retrieved March 23, 2015, from http://www.*****/Hx/AmericanMajorParties.html

"Differences Between Republicans and Democrats." (n.d.). Santa Clara County Republican

Party of Silicon Valley. Retrieved March 23, 2015, from  http://www.svgop.com/files/Differences%20Between%20Republicans%20and%20Democrats.pdf 

Rubino, R. (2013, June 13). Democratic and Republican Ideologies Undergo Dramatic Role

conservative intellectual movement, but also the role of William uckley and William Rusher in the blossoming of the youth conservative movement

Talk about structure of paper, who not strictly chronologically placed (ie hayek before the rest) - in this order for thematic purposes, to enhance the genuiness of the paper (branches of the movement brought up in order of importance to youth conservative revolt) For instance, Hayek had perhaps the greatest impact on the effects of the movement - uckley and Rusher. These individuals, their beliefs, their principles were extremely influential in better understanding the origins, history, and leaders of American conservatism.

Momentous events shape the psyche of an individual as the person matures. A child grows up in poverty vows to never be like his parents, and keeps this inner vow to become a millionaire. A young woman experiences sexual trauma as a teen, and chooses a career that…

Bibliography

George Nash, The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America Since 1945  http://www.nationalreview.com/22dec97/mcginnis122297.html . National review online The Origins of Conservatism George Mc Ginnis

Volume Library #2, p. 2146

Schneider, Cadres for Conservatism

McGinnis, National Review Online

.." And with that that party "controls the spoils of office" by appointing people friendly to the president's election to positions of influence and by keeping the party's masses happy by giving them what they asked for.

In defining HO and HY, and UNDER HAT CONDITIONS the CHANGE CAME on the national political scene that vaulted Andrew Jackson (a roughneck frontier and war hero with little sophistication vis-a-vis national politics and diplomatic elitism) - i.e., Jacksonian Democracy - into the hite House, University of Chicago social science professor Marvin Meyers writes in American Quarterly (Meyers 1953) that there are three distinct phases to examine. Put in the context of published volumes that would cover these three phases, Meyers lays it out: one, "the revolt of the urban masses against a business aristocracy"; two, "simple farming folk rise against the chicanery of capitalist slickers"; and three, "...tense with the struggle of…

Works Cited

Aldrich, John H. Why Parties? Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1995.

Brown, David. "Jeffersonian Ideology and the Second Party System." Historian 62.1 (1999):

Eldersveld, Samuel J.; & Walton, Hanes. Political Parties in American Society. Boston: Bedford/

St. Martin's,

Stimulus Bill Political Communication

Political Communication during the Stimulus Bill Debate

In times of economic uncertainty and national emergency, the government has the capacity to make decisions that it believes will aid the country in its time of need. Such a time of need occurred in 2009 when the country continued to face an existence of dire economic circumstances involving national cash-flow and jobs. In order to set economic recovery into motion, President Obama called for the passing of the American ecovery and einvestment Act of 2009 (AA), otherwise regarded as the stimulus bill. While such a bill was considered pivotal by many government officials in order to get the country back on its feet, crucial differences in policy and bill structure could be viewed in assessing the opinions Democrats and epublicans brought to the floor in terms of the bill's passing. In understanding the basis of the bill itself,…

References

Alarkon, W. (2009 January 25). Boehner says he will vote no on stimulus. The Hill. Web.

Retrieved from:  http://www.thehill.com/leading-the-news/boehner-says-he-will-vote-no-on-stimulus-2009-01-25.html  on 19 October 2011.

Associated Press. (2009 February 2). Obama calls Senate stimulus vote a good start.

Web. Retrieved from:  http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/29118636  / on 19 October 2011.

Politics

Six Questions & Discussion on American Politics

Constitutional Convention

During the U.S. Constitutional Convention of 1787, two primary plans were forwarded that shaped the development and discussion at the convention that would forever impact the shape of American politics. The first plan, the Virginia Plan, introduced by Governor Randolph, was an effort to simply revise the existing Articles of Confederation. It was characterized by three major points: the structural exclusion of states from elections and representation at the national level, reductions of powers to individual states, and the abandonment of the some national features of republicanism like institutional separation of powers. The Virginia Plan was countered by two alternative plans, and a division at the Convention: the New Jersey Plan that believed the Virginia Plan went too far in affording power to the national government, and the Hamilton Plan that argued the Virginia Plan didn't go far enough (Lloyd).…

Works Cited

Burner, David and Rosenfield, Ross. "Polling." Dictionary of American History. 2003. 15 Dec. 2009 .

"Evolution of American Political Parties from the Revolution to the Reconstruction." 2003. 15 Dec. 2009 .

Follesdal, Andreas. "Federalism." The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2006. 15 Dec. 2009 .

Green, John, Smidt, Corwin, Guth, James, and Kellstedt, Lyman. "The American Religious Landscape and the 2004 Presidential Vote: Increased Polarization." 15 Dec. 2009 .

This represents and should represent the last solution that the DNC could find, given the limited time until June. It is not the best solution, but it is definitely the best one under the current circumstances. The re-vote solution, if the necessary conditions are fulfilled, would be the fairest solution to the matter. Yet, under the circumstances that shall be explained in the following paragraphs, a re-vote is considered too complicated, time constraining and could create even more scandal within the Democrat Party.

In order to support the 50/50 position and the half-vote per delegate, one should analyze the other two possibilities, and by elimination, this one becomes the optimal one. The first solution, which Mrs. Clinton supports given her results, is to seat the delegates on the basis of the primaries results. Yet, if the DNC takes this decision, it would create a precedent for other states to dodge…

Bibliography

Broder, John. "Clinton and Obama Split Over Florida and Michigan." New York Times, March 2008, 2 April 2008.  http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/12/us/politics/12cnd-delegates.html?hp 

Clinton, Hillary. "Clinton: Florida, Michigan Primaries were "Fair" and Should be "Honored." The Huffington Post, April 2008, 2 April 2008.  http://kydem.blogspot.com/2008/03/hillary-clinton-talks-about-florida-and.html 

CNN Politics. "No deal reached on Michigan re-vote." CNN Election Centre 2008. March 2008, 2 April 2008.  http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/03/20/michigan.florida/ 

Hasen, Rick. " Worries About a Florida Primary Do-Over Through Vote by Mail," the Huffington Post, March 2008, 2 April 2008.  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rick-hasen/worries-about-a-florida-p_b_90583.html

Negotiation

Police Labor Conflict in Boston: Summer 2004

This report aims to discuss a recent negotiation that occurred in the city of Boston in June of 2004. As the 2004 election comes to a close and as of this writing we still have no official winner for the office of President of the United States. The Democratic Party is patiently awaiting the results of the vote from the state of Ohio. But that is not the only issues the Democrats faced in this will campaign for President. In May and June of 2004, the Democratic National Convention slated for a rousing Boston welcome was instead greeted by the Boston Police Union's bid for a major strike that targeted Boston's Fleet Center where the Democratic National Convention was to be held. The strike was a thorn in Mayor Thomas M. Menino's side as he tried to present Boston as a labor…

References

Associated Press (2004). Police Union, Boston Break Off Talks. phillyburbs.com, June. Retrieved November 2, 2004, from  http://www.phillyburbs.com/pb-dyn/news/24-06142004-316115.html 

Carnell, Jim. (2004). Contract settled Anger remains. Retrieved November 2, 2004, from  http://www.bppa.org/pax/pax_current.asp 

Van Voorhis, Scott, & Meyers, Jack (Tuesday, June 8, 2004). Cops give DNC labor pains: Unions won't cross picket line. The Boston Herald.

McGovern's failed candidacy reshaped the Democrats. His followers gave full convention voting expression to a gamut of groups who make up the "liberal coalition."

Despite the unpopularity of the Vietnam ar, President Richard Nixon won by an unprecedented landslide against his Democratic rival, Senator George McGovern. ("The Presidential Election of 1972," 2005) The incumbent Nixon received 61% of the popular vote and 520 votes in the Electoral College to McGovern's 17. The American electorate had apparently granted Nixon the popular mandate that he had always craved. After the debacle of the rioting that took place during the 1968 Democratic Convention, the Democratic Party had undergone internal reforms that had important repercussions in the 1972 campaign, resulting in the nomination of the liberal anti-war pacifist from South Dakota who had little popular appeal.

The traditional power brokers of the Democratic Party, such as big labor, lost representation in the 1972 convention,…

Works Cited

"Clinton: William Jefferson." Welcome to the American Presidency.2005. Retrieved 15 Nov 2005 at http://ap.grolier.com/article?assetid=0097755-00& templatename=/article/article.html

"John Ashbrook: 1972 Announcement Speech." (2005) 4 President Speeches. Retrieved 15 Nov 2005 at  http://www.4president.org/speeches/johnashbrook1972announcement.htm 

"Presidential Election of 1972." (2005) Elections. Retrieved 15 Nov 2005 at  http://www.multied.com/elections/1972state.html 

'The Twilight of Liberalism: The Nixon Years." 1999 Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System. Retrieved 15 Nov 2005 at http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture29.html

Third Parties

The founding fathers of the United States were initially opposed to the formation of political parties considering them as "quarreling factions" that would hinder the public from freely judging issues on merit. The complex structure of the U.S. government with its elaborate system of checks and balances and division of power among the state and federal governments, however, makes the formation of permanent political organizations necessary for effective functioning of the system. Over the years, a two-party system has evolved with two major political parties fielding their respective candidates in most state and federal elections. Third parties take part in the elections occasionally albeit with limited impact. It is a common observation that third parties in the U.S. go only as far as their candidate; if a candidate fades out of the spotlight so does the party. In this paper, we will discuss why third parties have traditionally…

Works Cited

Abramson, Paul R., John H. Aldrich et al. "Third-Party and Independent Candidates in American Politics: Wallace, Anderson, and Perot." Political Science Quarterly. 1995: 349+.

Goodman, Carey. "Three Is Definitely a Crowd: Part I. The System Evolves." Suite101.com. July 23, 2001. April 9, 2004. http://www.suite101.com/article.cfm/9425/75312

Grenier, Richard. "Why We Don't Need Third Parties." The Washington Times. July 19, 1996: 23

Perot, H (enry) Ross." Article in Encyclopedia Encarta. CD-ROM Version, 2003

Mario Cuomo's Address To The Democratic Convention

Although alter Mondale was resoundingly defeated by Ronald Reagan in 1984, Mario Cuomo's opening address to the Democratic convention that same year remains indelibly imprinted in the minds of all of those who heard it, and those who re-hear it today. It is a clarion cry for a different vision of America, and a demand that all the voices of Americans are heard. In an era where liberals were often criticized for being anti-American, Cuomo makes inventive use of this notion, reversing common tropes of patriotism. As someone who believes in the American Dream, Cuomo says he must support a more progressive vision than currently exists in America today. He supports an America where all Americans are cared for, where America is not simply a race where only the strongest are rewarded. He recalls stirring images from America's past to render this point:…

Works Cited

Cuomo, Mario. "1984 Democratic National Keynote Address." American Rhetoric.

16 Jul 1984. [13 Nov 2011]

http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mariocuomo1984dnc.htm