Intelligence Testing
It is often essential to measure the human intelligence so as to provide special attention to the deficient ones. Being an abstract concept it is absurd to think of expressing its magnitude in numbers. However, expressing in terms of imaginary units psychologists could visualize to accord ranks and quantify the intelligence. The intention of measuring intelligence originated ever since the era of Chinese emperors during 2200 BC when it was attempted to measure the differentiations in the cognitive abilities among humans through the large scale aptitude tests. The work of Francis Galton during late 19th Century was considered as the first modern attempt to test the intelligence. During the first part of 20th century the Binet-Simon scale is devised after the names of Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. In the later part of 1930s David Wechsler propounded the concept of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) and later Wechsler….

Intelligence Testing
Intelligence -- Nature/Nurture Debate

In psychological terms, intelligence can be defined as "the general mental ability involved in calculating, reasoning, perceiving relationships and analogies, learning quickly, storing and retrieving information, using language fluently, classifying, generalizing, and adjusting to new situations" ("intelligence," 2013). However, interest in and importance of emotional intelligence has flourished in recent years because of which general and applied psychology has made emotional intelligence a standardized concept (Antonakis, Ashkanasy & Dasborough, 2009). Emotional Intelligence is, on the other hand, "the ability to perceive accurately, appraise, and express emotion; the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought; the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge; and the ability to reflectively regulate emotions in ways that promote emotional and intellectual growth" (Salovey & Sluyter, 1997, p. 23).

In simple words, it is an individual's ability and skill to recognize and assess his/her emotional responses when dealing with own….

Intelligence Testing
Intelligence and achievement are very different. Intelligence is a measure of one's aptitude, or ability, which is in essence a measure of potential. It is actually only a measure of potential in one skill area -- the cognitive. Intelligence testing is usually focused on things like problem solving and pattern recognition. Intelligence testing continues to be an evolving field as well, with the definitions of intelligence being challenged and expanded, and different types of intelligence identified (Benson, 2003).

Intelligence, ultimately is an input, a measure of potential output. Output itself is measured in terms of achievement. It has been shown that intelligence is a predictor of achievement, certainly in academic settings (Colom & Mendoza, 2007). Some of the factors that contribute to whether or not intelligence translates to achievement include cognitive engagement and goal orientation -- high levels of those will result in a person outperforming someone who many have….

intelligence testing.
The first of the two articles read in this article analysis on intelligence testing is called "ole of test motivation in intelligence testing," and was authored by Angela Lee Duckworth et al. This article links motivation as one of three highly important variables that is treated in intelligence testing. Significantly, the article references David Wechsler and his theory of intelligence a number of times in the text. A pair of studies were performed within this article, the first of which was a "random-effects meta-analysis of random-assignment laboratory experiments comparing IQ scores under incentivized and standard testing conditions" (Duckworth et al., 2011, 2). In the second, a number of boys were followed from their teenage years to adulthood to see what role motivation played in their academic and non-academic results (including grades as well as career achievements and criminal behavior) (Duckworth et al., 2001, 2). Both studies found that….

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test
Intelligence testing began in earnest in France. The French Government commissioned Alfred Binet in 1904 "to find a method to differentiate between children who were intellectually normal and those who were inferior." (Strydom and Du Plessis, 2004) This early form of intelligence testing was not scaled -- a child either passed or was placed into a special school where he or she would receive more appropriate instruction. (Strydom and Du Plessis, 2004) "Binet himself cautioned against misuse of the scale or misunderstanding of its implications." Its intention was not to be used as "a general device for ranking all pupils according to mental worth." Binet also noted "the scale, properly speaking, does not permit the measure of intelligence. (Strydom and Du Plessis, 2004) However, opinions began to change over time, and gradually the idea of a general intelligence quotient came to be in vogue. "Psychologists altered the Binet….

Intelligence testing can be a useful means of measuring certain skills. However, intelligence tests are highly contextualized and also have the potential to be culturally biased. Although intelligence tests are “here to stay,” they can be administered, adapted, and used in ways that fairer and more representative of a diverse population (Ford, 2005). One of the ways intelligence testing can be culturally biased is that there are different types of intelligence, and some cultures favor some types more than others. According to Benson (2003), Western cultures—namely those located in North America and Western Europe—tend to favor categorization and rational debate over synthesis, collaboration, and complexity. Likewise, most non-Western cultures including those in Africa and Asia value social skills intelligence and also practical intelligence far more than Western societies (Benson, 2003). Cultural bias may also be evident in the ways children from families with high cultural capital may have access to….

IQ Testing
(Literature eview of comparison of 5th edition of the Binet Scale to the WAIS III)

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

Wechsler Intelligence Scales III

A vital part of psychology is the assessment of intelligence. Creation of socioeconomic background, various cultures, age and gender are part of today's testing. In this study, we compare the Stanford-Binet Fifth Edition (SB5) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WAIS-III) in terms of intelligence assessment tools (Silverman et al., 2010).

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

Version five is the latest version of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5). There are five cognitive factors in SB5 - fluid reasoning, visual-spatial processing, knowledge or crystallized ability, working memory in both the verbal and the nonverbal domains and quantitative ability, (oid & Barram, 2004) and is based on a hierarchical cognitive model taken from Carroll's (1993) research.

The roots of the SB5 stems from the first intelligence test -- the Binet-Simon scale, that was propounded in the early….

While it is almost certain that intelligence ahs a neurological basis, the extent to which intelligence is determined by neurological and chemical changes is not fully understood. A recent study suggests that changing hormone levels prior to and during puberty have a large effect on intelligence; high salivary testosterone levels in ten-year-old boys showed a positive correlation with intelligence, but a negative correlation in twelve-year-olds (Shangguan & Shi 2009). This shows that intelligence can be quite fluid, and can even be affected quite differently by the same mechanisms. The exact nature of the changing influence testosterone seems to provide or signal is not known, but the correlation demands further study.
These three different research studies display very different theories of intelligence. In the first study, accepted methods of cognitive relationships with the environment are valid, if perhaps somewhat inaccurate at the extremes of the intelligence spectrum. The second study points….

colloquially individuals may think that some people are smarter than others, the more scientific term for the concept of being smart is intelligence. The notion of measuring a person's intelligence was first pursued in the early 1900s by Alfred Binet (Kamin, 1995). The French government was looking for a way in which to help predict which students would have the most difficulty in school (Kamin, 1995), so they hired Alfred Binet, who was a psychologist, to develop a test. Binet developed the first intelligence test, a version of which is still used today (Kamin, 1995). Intelligence testing really took off during World War I, when the U.S. army wanted a way to screen a high number of army recruits. This lead to the development of new forms of intelligence tests in order to determine which army recruits were of a higher intelligence and would be successfully in leadership roles….

Intelligence/Pesonality Tests
The concept of intelligence and the pactice (and pacticality) of testing fo intelligence has been one of the moe contovesial aeas of psychology and psychometics since the fist tests wee developed and administeed a centuy ago. Fa fom thee being a consensus in the scientific community on exactly what makes up intelligence, the list of chaacteistics that compise intelligence has instead been a matte of exteme and ongoing debate. Measuing intelligence in individuals has found an even geate shae of disageement and contovesy. Even when eseaches ae able to agee on what aspects should be measued to develop an accuate pictue of intelligence, the methods poposed and implemented fo testing these aeas have often been widely disputed. The contovesy suounding intelligence testing eached new heights in the ea of cultual divesity, as it became clea that the standad intelligence tests in use fo the bette pat of the twentieth….

Intelligence testing should not be required for candidates prior to running for public office.
Firstly, the assumption that higher traditional measures of intelligence will result in better governance is highly debatable and flawed. Second, the ability to govern may be better determined by a measurement of emotional intelligence, rather than standard IQ measurements. Third, moral character may be a better measure of the ability to govern than intelligence.

Americans often complain that the nature of our democratic government leads to the election of individuals whose intelligence levels leave a great deal to be desired. Clearly, the actions of a great many public officials give credence to this claim. e have only to think of the, the indiscreet and inappropriate sexual shenanigans of Gary Hart, and the infamous inability of Dan Quayle to spell potato correctly as evidence of this assertion. In response to these criticisms, many Americans have begun to push for….

Intelligence Testing
The author of this report is asked to answer three general questions about intelligence. The first question asks for the general underpinnings and genesis of the discussions about intelligence including what was suggested by Binet as well as the general definition and formulations of the intelligence quotient, or IQ. The second question and discussion is about the challenges to the definition of intelligence as offered and suggested by Gardner, Spearman and others. Finally, there is to be an evaluation of which definitions could or should be use as the basis for intelligence testing.

Binet was indeed one of the pioneers of the intelligence and intelligence-measuring field. His contributions to the early discussions of intelligence are mentioned in the work of Cicciola et al. (2014). Cicciola talks about the genesis of the intelligence quotient instrument and the general concept of intelligence. He notes that the names involved in that genesis were….

More and more deep analysis can clarify the internal dynamics of the matter being studied, and in the long run to prediction, known as estimation. The reason for intelligence analysis is to make known to a precise decision maker the necessary significance of selected target information. Analysts should start with established facts, apply specialist knowledge in order to produce plausible but less certain findings, and even predict when the forecast is appropriately qualified. Analysts should not, however, engage in fortune telling that has no foundation in fact (Heuer, 1999). Not only is it poor science to claim absolute truth, but it also leads to the kind of destructive and distrustful debate we've had in last decade about global warming. The history of science and technology suggests that such absolutism on both sides of a scientific debate doesn't often lead to practical solutions (Botkin, 2011).
In the arrangement of science there….

Perceptions of Intelligence
Intelligence is a concept that has numerous meanings across time, geography and culture. Typically, most of the definitions connect some sort of skill, plan or understanding of concepts, new things, etc. -- and the way that knowledge is combined with other ideas to form something new or adaptive. Numerous psychologists and neurologists continue to debate the differing types of intelligence and the ways individuals combine them to form a unique (and individual) basis for the way they view the world (Garlick, 2010). Creative intelligence, for instance, is the way individuals perceive their universe -- the world around them, and how that changes. Of course, because of the differences in the way people perceive their world, and the differences in the way and manner the external world is constructed, all individuals may be creative in one way or another. For instance, imagine how creative it was for our ancestors….

Explain the Global Ability Index and when to use it

The alternative global score, the General Ability Index (GAI) is calculated when the test-taker "meets certain criteria that involve variability with respect to the cognitive factors of working memory and processing speed" (Cheramie 2008). For example, learning-disabled children often have lower levels of processing speed, thus the GAI is an acceptable scoring alternative to the usual method which does take memory and processing speed into account when norming the results.

Discuss the main uses for the WAIS-IV and WISC-IV

All forms of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales are standardized tests, "meaning that as part of the test design, they were administered to a large representative sample of the target population, and norms were determined from the results" (Encyclopedia of Children's Health, 2010). All IQ tests are limited in their ability to describe the individual's full range of ability and should be used in conjunction….