This researcher rejects the existence of online communities because computer mediated group discussions cannot possibly meet this definition. Weinreich's view is that anyone with even a basic knowledge of sociology understands that information exchange in no way constitutes a community.
For a cyber-place with an associated computer mediated group to be labeled as a virtual settlement it is necessary for it to meet a minimum set of conditions. These are: (1) a minimum level of interactivity; (2) a variety of communicators; (3) a minimum level of sustained membership; and (4) a virtual common-public-space where a significant portion of interactive computer mediated groups occur (Weinreich, 1997). The notion of interactivity will be shown to be central to virtual settlements. Further, it will be shown that virtual settlements can be defined as a cyber-place that is symbolically delineated by topic of interest and within which a significant proportion of interrelated interactive computer….

Even though there is always some form of a risk involved in the coding technique together with the deployment methods of a website, some technologies such as PHP and MySQL form some of the worst aggravators of online website security. The loopholes that exists in the use of these technologies results in some of the worst hack attacks and security breaches ever experienced in the field of web design. The internet is bustling with a lot of activities. Some of the activities that are officiated over the internet are very sensitive due to both the nature of the information exchanged or even the information stored in the database.

It is paramount that websites be provided with secure and personalized databases. One inevitable fact however is that once a site is deployed on the internet, it becomes a resource to be accessed by everyone as postulated by Kabir

Secure website development is of….

But there is a need that the success of the products is followed by satisfied and committed workers rather the workers whose life is in danger as they clean and process the iPads and iPhones.
Globalization and International Trade

The second chosen article has been taken from a journal of trade. The article "Transportation Costs and International Trade in the Second Era of Globalization" written by David Hummels has mentioned the importance of trade in the modern days (Weiss, 2010, p. 65). Globalization has important impacts on the economy of the countries but these days, trade has become more costly. Based on an increase in the fuel prices, there has been a great increase in transportation prices. The article has mentioned that more than 23% of the goods move between countries that are joined by land-based borders (Durdu, Mendoza, and International Monetary Fund. esearch Dept, 2006, p. 78). Ocean and air….

Despite its clear benefits and advantages in terms of ease of use and cost effectiveness, there are certain risks associated with wireless networking. These risks are discussed further below.

Review of the Literature.

Security Risks Associated with IEEE WLAN 802.11. The applications for wireless communication technology continue to develop and expand; today, at least, the 802.11b is the standard of choice for wireless router communication used with network installation (Gonazles & Higby 2003). "The integrity of the transmitted data is a valid 2.4 GHz. At this wavelength medium, the propagation of wavelength maintains strong connectivity" (Gonzales & Higby 2003, p. 30). The technology of WLANs actually dates back to the mid-1980s; during this period, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) freed up radio frequency (rf) to the industry. "Initially, this was viewed as a broadcast reception procedure and very little thought went to broadcast transmission" (Gonzales & Higby 2003, p. 30). Early innovations….

The authors have expertise with Oracle databases and use examples from the enterprise products this software vendor provides to make their point regarding security of highly distributed networks. One of the more valuable aspects of this specific paper is the focus on how to create a multilevel secure environment in an enterprise. The authors have done enterprise-level database security work in their careers and this article and research communicate their expertise clearly.
In the article Data Security: A Security Implementation for elational Database Management Systems (Nilakanta, 1989) the author contends that information architectures must rely on a stable database management system (DBMS) to scale securely and reliably across an enterprise. The author provides insights into several different security procedures and approaches to defining a secured operating environment for enterprise-wide DBMS implementations and use. There are also guidelines for defining security clearances and recommendations on hwo best to use encryptions for….

Workplace enforcement includes the scrutiny of the I-9 form and the attached documents, in an attempt to discover identity fraud, fraudulent documents, and illegal workplace activities.
Illegal firearms.

Another aspect of illegal immigration is weapons. Illegal immigrants bring guns and other weapons across the border, but there is also a growing trade in illegal firearms, obtained in the United States, traveling back into Mexico and being used in criminal activities there, especially by powerful drug cartels. The annual report states, "ICE launched Operation Armas Cruzadas in FY08 to provide a targeted law enforcement focus on arms smuggling between the United States and Mexico" (Torres, 2009). The problem has gotten so bad that the U.S. issued warnings to travelers to stay away from the country during the recent spring break season. The agency has had some success with stopping cross-border smuggling activities, but they have not had as much success as they….

Transportation Security and Intrusiveness of Security Screenings
America's land, seaways, and air transportation systems are structured in such a manner that enhances efficiency and enables easy access, the two features that also at the same time make these transportation systems susceptible to attacks. The expenses and difficulty of protecting the entire transportation systems from attacks raises a critical issue for legislators and other policymakers in the government: in that how much money and effort should be utilized towards preventing attacks in the country compared to the alternative of pursuing and defeating terrorists wherever they are. While completely proofing the entire transportation sector from attacks is an almost impossible task, strategies can be formulated to significantly reduce the risk of attacks. The emphasis by policymakers should be put in coming up with the resources to build a prevention, protection, and rapid response system that can greatly reduce the likelihood and consequences of….

Security Privacy
In health care, the protection of confidential patient information is an important key in to addressing critical issues and safeguarding the privacy of the individual. To provide more guidance are federal guidelines such as: the Health Care Insurance Affordability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). On the surface, all facilities are supposed to have procedures in place for discarding these kinds of materials. ("Summary of HIPPA Privacy ule," 2102)

In the case of St. John's Hospital, they have become known for establishing practices of innovation (which go above and beyond traditional safety standards). Yet, at the same time, there are no critical internal controls governing how this information is thrown away. What most executives are concentrating on: is meeting these objectives from an external stakeholder perspective.

This is creating problems inside the facility, as the custodial staff able to go through the garbage and read this information. The reason why, is HIPPA procedures….

To offer an information security awareness training curriculum framework to promote consistency across government (15).

Security awareness is needed to ensure the overall security of the information infrastructure. Security awareness programs is the can help organizations communicate their security information policies, as well as tips for users, to help keep systems secure, and the practices the entire organization should be utilizing. However, as Kolb and Abdullah reiterate, "security awareness is not about training but rather designed to change employee behavior" (105).

A program concerning security awareness should work in conjunction with the information technology software and hardware JCS utilizes. In this way, it mitigates the risks and threats to the organization. Security awareness is a defensive layer to the information system's overall security structure. Although not a training program, per se, security awareness does provide education to the end users at JCS, regarding the information security threats the organization faces, and the….

eferences

Best practices in encryption. (2008). nuBridges.com. [Online]. Available: http://www.nubridges.com/keymanagement1/.

Bryan, H. (2001). eply to David Scott and C. Scott Shafer, recreational specialization: AC critical look at the construct. Journal of Leisure esearch, 33(3), 344.

By the numbers. (2008). Bass Pro-Shops. [Online]. Available: http://vocuspr.vocus.com/vocuspr30/Newsroom/ViewAttachment.aspx?SiteName=basspro&Entity=PAsset&Atta chmentType=F&EntityID=112488&AttachmentID=7f9f9eb0-2281-4066-b382- c00619b835c8.

Company overview. (2008). Bass Pro-Shops. [Online]. Available: http://www.onlinepressroom.net/basspro/.

Gerstein, D.M. (2005). Securing America's future: National strategy in the information age. Westport, CT: Praeger Security International.

Hepner, . (2001, July 6). A surge in growth for county. The Washington Times, 8.

Michman, .D. & Greco, a.J. (1995). etailing triumphs and blunders: Victims of competition in the new age of marketing management. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.

Mueller, G. (1998, December 2). it's easy to find the right gift - Just read on. The Washington Times, 5.

Privacy and security statement. (2008). Bass Pro-Shops. [Online]. Available: http://www.basspro.com/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/PageDisplayView?langId=-1&storeId=10151 & cataloged=x&section=MyAccount&pagename=PrivacyPolicySummaryDisplay.

Schlosser, E. (1998). The bomb squad: A visit with the members of a police unit whose work load….

The most appropriate products that could be used by MMC to achieve this objective would be: IP San and a Snap Lock. An IP San is a fiber optic channel that can provide secure real time data to each location. Where, software and security applications can be adapted to the current system that is being used. The Snap Lock is: a security software that can be used to provide an effective way for each location to retrieve, update and change information.
Support for why these procedures and products are the optimal approach for this organization

The reason why these different procedures and products were selected was: to reduce the overall risk exposure of the company's external threats. The current system that is being used by MMC increases risks dramatically, by having a number of different systems, where financial information is stored. If any one of these systems is vulnerable, there is….

This leaves those clients that are inside unsupervised while the guard is outside. There is also a lack of signage inside displaying rules and regulations along with directions. This propagates a lot of unnecessary questions being asked of the surety officer on duty. In order to alleviate these issues it would be essential to place distinct parking signage outside in order to help facilitate clients parking in the correct spaces. It is also necessary to place directional signage within the facility along with general rules and policies. All of these signs together would cost approximately $1,000 to install.
The last security issue that needs to be addressed is that of the security information processes that is in place. As each client arrives at the facility, their license plate numbers are recorded and they are then assigned a number. They are seen by the appropriate medical personnel based upon the order….

If not, what other recommendations would you make to Harold? Explain your reasons for each of recommendations.
No, the actions that were taken by Harold are not adequate. The reason why, is because he has created an initial foundation for protecting sensitive information. However, over the course of time the nature of the threat will change. This could have an impact on his business, as these procedures will become ineffective. Once this occurs, it means that it is only a matter of time until Harold will see an increase in the number of cyber attacks. At first, these procedures will help to prevent hackers from accessing the company's files. Then, as time goes by they will be able to overcome his defenses. This increases the chances that he will see some kind of major disruptions because of these issues. ("Security Policies," n.d, pp. 281 -- 302) ("Computer-ased Espionage," n.d, pp.….

Security
Uncertainty in regards to individual activities within a large student population is always a cause for concern. It is difficult to govern or even deter the questionable activities of a predominately young student population. This problem is exacerbated due to the rebellious nature of young students in regards to politics, social interactions, student programing and more. Public news often comes from universities with questionable activities such as fraternity hazing, supporting controversial leaders, and more. This behavior is what makes a university campus and atmosphere so unique relative to other educational venues. The university can foster these activities while being sensitive to others personal beliefs. Unforeseen circumstances are common place however on university campuses with such unique activities, beliefs, and behaviors. The magnitude and scope of these incidents often varies. As such, proper training is essential in alleviating the concerns garnered by unforeseen circumstances (Bruce, 2009).

To begin, it is very important….

In fact, some large campuses with enrollments exceeding 30,000 have crime problems comparable to small cities (Smith, 1995; Griffith et al., 2004; pg 150)."
Additionally there has also been an enlargement in the diversity that exist on college campuses as it relates to race, gender, ethnicity, religious affiliation, age, and sexual orientation (Griffith et al., 2004). As such there is an increased need for campus police and administrators to understand the unique challenges that face all of these communities.

In addition, campus police also have the additional challenge of having to deal with an increased number of students that suffer from psychological problems. Campus security must be able to deal with these issues in a timely and efficient manner if college campuses are to be safe.

Conclusion

It is apparent that the size and the openness of American College campuses make them very difficult to secure. Problems with securing college campuses also arise….

Due diligence refers to the process of doing a proper investigation into something before taking an action.  Due diligence can have applications in a number of different contexts, but is most often discussed in the context of some type of business deal, when a person or organization has to make a decision about whether or not to enter into some type of business relationship (usually an investment relationship) with another type of person or organization.  Due diligence can be as simple as studying publicly available information to determine whether or not to purchase a stock....

Essay Topics on Immigration Border Control

1. The Evolving Landscape of Border Security: Technological Advancements and Ethical Implications

Examine the advancements in border security technology, such as facial recognition, biometrics, and surveillance systems.
Analyze the ethical considerations related to data privacy, human rights, and the potential for bias in AI-powered border control systems.
Discuss the trade-offs between enhancing security and preserving civil liberties.

2. Cross-Border Cooperation and International Diplomacy in Border Management

Explore the challenges and opportunities of international cooperation in border management.
Analyze the role of bilateral agreements, multilateral organizations, and shared intelligence in facilitating effective border control.
Discuss the diplomatic....

Essay Topics on Global South in International Security

1. The Role of the Global South in Shaping the Global Security Agenda

How is the Global South challenging traditional security norms and practices?
What are the key security priorities of the Global South and how are they being addressed?
To what extent do Global South states cooperate and coordinate on security issues?

2. Security Challenges and Responses in the Global South

How does poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation contribute to security challenges in the Global South?
What are the specific security threats faced by states in the Global South, such as terrorism, insurgencies,....

1. The role of the Global South in shaping global security governance
2. How economic inequality in the Global South affects international security
3. The impact of climate change on security in the Global South
4. The role of regional organizations in promoting security in the Global South
5. The significance of non-state actors in security dynamics in the Global South
6. The challenges and opportunities for security cooperation among Global South countries
7. The role of natural resources in shaping security dynamics in the Global South
8. The impact of colonial legacies on security in the Global South
9. Gender perspectives on security in the Global South
10.....