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Adolescent Brain
The cross-cultural differences in child and adolescent brain development is a cross-disciplinary study that can be contained under the rubric of medical anthropology, adolescent neuropsychology, or the budding field of cultural neuroscience. The field is brimming with possibilities because of the wide differences observable and measured in the perception of adolescence, the experience of adolescence, and the corresponding biological differences in children and teen brains across different cultures. Choudhury refers to factors such as the cultural contingencies of categories, which will be the foundation of the adolescent experience. Research also reveals differences in experience based on culture and cultural context as well as gender and social norms. Although research in the area of cross-cultural differences in child and adolescent brain development is diverse, one common thread remains: The study of adolescence itself has a cultural context. Adolescence is culturally contingent on the roles, values, and norms of a society. Child and adolescent brain development may also reveal core differences between cultures.
There may even...
Adolescence is characterized universally by both structural and functional plasticity, according to Choudhury. Social processing, social behavior, and adolescent sociology are also related to brain development. Research in animals can shed light on the biological and neurophysiological differences in brain development (Knickmeyer et al.).
Anthropological medical research shows that there are several cultural factors shared in common pointing to a discreet adolescent zone of experience. For example, rites of passage are universal in childhood and adolescence. However, the experience of emotional instability blamed on raging hormones that is a prevalent Western point-of-view is not necessarily shared among non-European cultures (Chen and Farruggia). Adolescent brains in cultures that do not exhibit the stress and strain experiences of puberty might illuminate the ways in which European cultures are failing to provide the social context in which a child can thrive. Socialization, rites of passage,…
Korbin, Jill E. And Anderson-Fye, Eileen P. "Adolescence Matters: Practice- and Policy-Relevant Research and Engagement in Psychological Anthropology." Ethos 39(4): 415-425
Males, Michael. "Does the Adolescent Brain Make Risk Taking Inevitable? A Skeptical Appraisal." Journal of Adolescent Research January 2009 vol. 24 no. 1 3-20
Steinberg, Laurence. "Should the science of adolescent brain development inform public policy?" American Psychologist, Vol 64(8), Nov 2009, 739-750. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.64.8.739
These may include the parental workplace, school boards, social service agencies, and planning commissions." (Strengthening the Family: Implications for International Development, nd) Four: The Macro-system Macro-systems are 'blueprints' for interlocking social forces at the macro-level and their interrelationships in shaping human development. They provide the broad ideological and organizational patterns within which the meso- and exo-systems reflect the ecology of human development. Macro-systems are not static, but might change through evolution
The most fundamental theorist in this area is Jean Piaget. Additionally, Piaget demonstrated one of the first scientific movements in the filed, with the utilization of direct observation as the best tool for understanding. (Piaget, 1962, p. 107) Piaget also believes, and his theories reflect that children play a very active and dynamic role in development through interaction with their environment and active role imitation. (Piaget, 1962, p. 159) Sensory-motor
Infancy is the stage between birth and two years of age. This stage is characterized by rapid physical growth than any other stage of life. Very interesting changes occur in this couple of years. Brain development also occurs rapidly at this stage. Prior to birth, the unborn baby has most of the brain cells, but not all. There is a very rapid development of the neural connections between the cells.
Adolescent Substance Use Screening Instruments: 10-Year Critical Review of the Research Literature Over ten million teenagers in the United States admit in a national survey that they drink alcohol, although it is illegal under the age of 21 in all states. In some studies, nearly one-quarter of school-age children both smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol. Over four thousand adolescents every day try marijuana for the first time. The dangers of use,
In the historical world, there seemed to be fewer choices in life for many, and roles as adults were more stringent -- and defined as adult meaning very structured cultural templates. There must then be a bit of a Catch-22 when it comes to the advances made in gender thinking, family, and actualization since the end of World War II. Improvements in education, lifting of the gender-based glass ceiling
Infant Sleep Patterns People sleep nearly one third of their lives and infants sleep significantly more than adults (Franken, Kopp, Landolt, & Luthi, 2009). The function of sleep has hypothesized by different researchers; however, surprisingly there is no general consensus as to what the function and purpose of sleep actually is. It is known that sleep deprivation can have some serious consequences, especially in infants. The reason for this is that