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Eventually, as the glaciers melted, they deposited this debris throughout the state in areas called "terminal moraines." The authors continue, "Large morainal deposits are found south of the Finger Lakes area, and extend in places to the Pennsylvania line" (Amos et. al, 1968). This indicates the activity and influence of glaciers throughout the area, as morainal deposits can be found throughout the state if you know where to look. Another sign of this glacial activity is deep depressions in the landscape. Today, many of these deep depressions are lakes and streambeds that were formed as the glaciers carved their way throughout the state.
Geologists have determined that ice ages like this one that helped form New York occur about every 80,000 to 120,000 years. They have discovered that by taking core samples from the seabed and measuring the oxygen in the layers of soil. If there are two neurons of oxygen (called heavy oxygen) in the layers, it indicates the colder temperatures of an ice age ("Explaining Variations in Ice," 9),...
In addition, there are many examples of glaciated lakes in the region. These were lakes at one point during or after the ice age, but they dried up, and the result is a very thick, silt clay that can be very unstable when it becomes saturated with rain or snow (Gunn 2001, 120). For this reason, landslides are very common in many areas of New York State, as a result of the remnants of glacial activity throughout the state. New York is based on glacial geology, although it seems hard to believe today.
References
Amos, Fred C., James S. Wishhart, Charles F. Wray, Robert M. Eaton and David E. Jensen. 1968. Getting acquainted with the geological story of the Rochester and Genesee Valley areas. Rochester Academy of Science.
Explaining variations in Ice Age onsets. 2000. USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education), June, 9.
Gunn, Angus M. 2001. The Impact of geology on the United States: A reference guide to benefits and hazards. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
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