Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
CBP
Government agencies are formed and used to both oversee and administer specific functions within a government. U.S. Customs and Border protection is a recently reorganized agency that is part of the Department of Homeland Security umbrella. U.S. Customs and Border Protection is charged with the regulation and facilitation of international trade, the collection of import duties, and the enforcement of U.S. regulations that include, but are not limited to, trade, customs, and immigration (U.S. Customs and Border Protection).
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is one of the most recently formed government agencies; DHS was created after the September 11 attacks and is the third largest Cabinet department. DHS is coordinated at the White House by the Homeland Security Council. During the formation of DHS, several government agencies were combined, overall incorporating more than 40 agencies different agencies. Under the DHS reorganization, U.S. Customs, U.S. Border Patrol, the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture, as well as the inspection duties of the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service were combined to form U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)(Timeline, n.d.). In addition to CBP, the major agencies under DHS include TSA, Citizen and Immigration Services, ICE, FEMA, the U.S. Secret Service, and the U.S. Coast Guard (Borja 2008). There are currently 22 agencies that are under the DHS umbrella.
This history of the U.S. Customs Department dates back to July 4, 1789 when the 2nd Act of the First Congress established the practice of collecting tariffs on "imported goods and merchandises;" these tariffs were intended to help to fund the newly formed government (Timeline, n.d.). On July 20th, the 3rd Act of the First Congress established a "system of tariffs on the tonnage of ships." It was on July 31, 1789 that the U.S. Customs Service was formally established following the 5th Act of the First Congress; this act established 59 customs collection districts in 11 states that had ratified the new Constitution (Timeline, n.d.). On May 27, 1796, the passage of the...
The Naturalization Act of 1798 gave officials the power to deport foreigners that were considered to be dangerous. In 1819, the Steerage Act required that all shipmasters provide a list, or manifest, to the local Collector of Customs of all aliens that were immigrating to the U.S. While the U.S. continued to expand its borders and territories, so the responsibilities and grasp of the U.S. Customs Service expanded. In 1848, the same year that the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo was ratified, Congress passed the Drug Importation Act of 1848. Under the Drug Importation Act, special examiners were appointed at six different points of entry including New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Charleston, and New Orleans (Timeline, n.d.).
While the U.S. Customs Service was busy protecting, monitoring, and documenting immigrants within the country's borders, the U.S. Customs Border Patrol was not formally established until 1853. With the formation of the U.S. Customs Border Patrol, Collectors of Customs were given power by the Treasury Secretary to hire Customs Mounted Inspectors to patrol U.S. borders (Timeline, n.d.).
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), a separate agency until the formation of the Department of Homeland Security, was established on May 15, 1862 by President Lincoln. At the time, the USDA was charged with the procurement, propagation, and distribution of valuable seeds and plants to American people (Timeline, n.d.). In 1912, the Plant Quarantine Act established the Federal Horticulture Board (FHB) within the USDA. This Act not only authorized plant quarantines, but also placed uniformed FHB officers at ports of entry to work alongside Customs, Immigration, and Public Health Service Inspectors (Timeline, n.d.). The FHB would later be renamed to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS).
While the U.S. Customs Service and the U.S. Customs Border Patrol had been charged with maintaining the safety of the American people and maintaining…
References
Borja, E. (2008). Brief Documentary History of the Department of Homeland Security
2001-2008. Department of Homeland Security History Office.
Timeline (n.d.). from U.S. Customs and Border Protection. Accessed 10 October 2011, from http://nemo.customs.gov/opa/timeLine_04212011.swf.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (n.d.). Accessed 10 October 2011, from http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/home.xml
Terrorism is at this point one of the main threats that decision makers in the field of national security have to deal with especially in the United States. The issue has been raised mainly after the events from 9/11 2001, but have been a constant concern for the law enforcement agencies since the beginning of the 90s and even before. The United States have a particular way in which it
Improvements in Border Security Since the events of September 11, 2001 border security has been an increasingly contentious issue in United States politics and in everyday life. While most everyone in the country agreed that something must be done to stem the tide of illegal immigrants pouring into the U.S. seemingly unabated, there was some disagreement about the nature of the changes that needed to be implemented. While border security has
There is an open drug culture on the island that celebrates the use of marijuana, and no one knows how much of the plant is grown on this island, alone. As one drug enforcement manual notes, "Tiny Jamaica has been known to produce upwards of 300 metric tons in a year." The author also notes that the country is the major source of marijuana in the United States, as well,
National borders are far from arbitrary; they are important demarcations between one sovereign state and another. The foundation of national sovereignty depends on each nation protecting its own border, to achieve its own homeland security goals. In the United States, homeland security goals center on protecting the nation from foreign and domestic threats. To protect the nation from threats, it is essential to prevent would-be terrorists and criminals from entering,
Mexico faces an array of drug-related problems ranging from production and transshipment of illicit drugs to corruption, violence, and increased internal drug abuse. Powerful and well-organized Mexican organizations control drug production and trafficking in and through Mexico, as well as the laundering of drug proceeds. These organizations also have made a concerted effort to corrupt and intimidate Mexican law enforcement and public officials. In addition, the geographic proximity of
Global Position System (GPS) System Wide Information Management (SWIM) Advanced data Communication Next Network Enabled Weather The NAS Voice Switch Structural design of new aircrafts In this paper, we look into the new technological development in the air transport system such as GPS in air traffic management, airport infrastructure and proactive safety management. In details the paper discusses the user of specific situation awareness including a new broadband information network, weather observation, prediction and impacts; security,