Sign Up Now
Get instant access to over 1 million+ study documents
OR
Already registered? click here to login
By creating your account, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and student honor code.
¶ … Crime Reduction
The Decline of New York City Crime and Potential Conceptual Misunderstandings:
Criminologists make their best effort to draw scientific conclusions based on empirical evidence. However, it is logically impossible to ascertain the precise reasons for crime reduction with certainty. Additional error exists in the form of the misinterpretation of statistics and retrospective analysis. On the other hand, the available evidence suggests that directed patrol corresponding to the specific needs identified by the Compstat system was very instrumental in reducing crime in New York City. The Compstat concept is consistent with intuitive expectations of directed patrol instead of random personnel increases.
Police Action or "Broken Windows" Theory?
One of the reasons it is largely impossible to determine definitively whether crime reduction is attributable to police action or to the broken windows concept is that policing policy changes do not take place in a vacuum. Rather, even the best-conceived policing policies occur simultaneously with other substantial societal changes (such as coincidental changes in economic conditions, demographics, larger regional or national crime statistics, or penal sentencing practices) that could likely contribute concurrently to crime reduction. The broken windows concept likely did contribute to crime reduction in New York City; the fact that a specific focus on "quality-of-life" and nuisance crimes roughly coincided with the introduction of Compstat makes it even harder to credit each with its specific effects, much less exclusively.
3. The Ethics of Civilian Field Research in Policing:
In principle, there is nothing unethical about observing public servant at work with their knowledge. However, numerous ethical issues can and do arise, including multiple elements of confidentiality, safety, and several different aspects of fairness to officers, members of the public, and arrestees. Most of those ethical issues are directly and effectively addressable through specific guidelines and protocols. Therefore, civilian research observation of police officers in the field can be conducted ethically to all parties concerned.
Crime -- Abstracts and Introduction Dependent variable: Crime Independent Variable: halting rising crime rate Control variable: government spending on law enforcement Tentative hypothesis: If government spending on law enforcement increases, then the overall rising crime rates could be halted. Rasinski (1989) studied the relationship between the effects of question wording/phrasing on public support for government spending. He points out that analysis of question phrasing studies around the General Social Survey expenses objects demonstrated constant phrasing
But an open system of prevention could be the alternative. It would subject the court or legislature to closer and public scrutiny (Robinson). President Lyndon Johnson's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice was viewed as the single and most influential postwar American criminal justice policy (Coles and Kelling 1999). Its wisdom, contained the policy's main report, "The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society, published in 1967, swiftly
Crime Punishment Philosophy Since the beginning of the 70s, the number of people inducted in jails and state facilities has increased to an astonishing level. In the present, more than two million individuals are serving jail time in either jails or state prisons. The growth of crime rate and imprisonment can be greatly attributed to the African-American and Hispanic communities residing in the U.S., who still categorize as the poor communities
Within American communities with the highest crime rates, the dynamic relationship between motivated criminals and the myriad opportunities perpetually available in their communities contributes to a continuing cycle of multigenerational crime. Moreover, the simultaneous domination of criminal gang culture in conjunction with patterns of social and institutional responses to crime in poor communities on the part of the government also greatly exacerbated the problem. The Role of Parents, Society, and
However, it would be inappropriate to conclude that the absence of available statistics means that the Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office does not engage in analysis or crime mapping; they simply have not chosen to make that information available online. The Charlotte-Mecklenburg website is not as flashy or welcoming as the previous sites. However, it is extremely user friendly and offers a wide variety of services on the homepage. Like
Crime: Over the past 3 decades, crime has continued to be a major issue that has attracted huge public concern characterized with discussion and action that are usually unbalanced and not likely to lessen crime rates. The public concern has also been accompanied by political action and major public expenditure to reduce such incidents. Political discussion and actions as well as public expenditure have played a major role in the reduction