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From these lists, eight participants will be sent invitations to participate in the study. Each time one of these participants declines to participate, an additional individual from that category will be randomly selected and invited to participate. This will continue until a sample size of 30 has been achieved. Participants will be invited to visit the lab, where they will complete an informed consent which will inform them that their participation in the study is entirely voluntary and that they are free to withdraw at any time. They will then be placed in a quiet room alone where they will be given a paper copy of the survey and asked to provide answers to each question as honestly as possible. Upon completing the questionnaire participants will be thanked and given a piece of candy as compensation and then will be provided with a debriefing sheet and some reading material on the dangers of drunk driving as well as a list of local resources related to drinking.
Data Analysis
The data...
Scores will be calculated on each of the measures taken, which will provide a score on attitudes towards drinking, attitudes towards drunk driving and level of social desirability. Groups will then be compared (male x female, and Caucasian x African-American) using a two tailed t-test. This test is appropriate because it will compare the mean scores between groups and determine whether or not there is a significant difference in the mean scores of each group. A two-tailed test will be used because we have made no hypothesis as to the direction that we expect to find a difference (i.e. males could be more or less in favor of drunk driving). We will also test for differences in social desirability between the groups, as if there are group differences, then more complex tests such as an ANOVA or regression may be necessary to parse out the respective influences of social desirability and attitudes towards drunk driving.
Drunk Driving The First Review: Eisenberg's Evaluation of policies' effectiveness in relation to drunk driving is the first policy review piece chosen for this article. In the research Eisenberg (2003) presented novel findings on the effectiveness of public policies on the state-level linked to drunk driving, effectiveness in this context refers to reduction in the number of fatal crashes. The author argues that endogenous policies lead to biased conventional estimates of
Substance Abuse: Driving Under the Influence (DUI) According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 16,694 people died in 2004 in alcohol and drug related traffic collisions, representing 40% of all traffic related deaths in the United States. ("2004 Traffic Safety ... " 2005) In addition about half of the one million people injured in road accidents were also due to driving under the influence (DUI). These are startling statistics,
A number of states follow sobriety roadblock rules while some states like Minnesota, Oregon, Rhode Island, Texas, Washington, Wisconsin etc. have avoided sobriety roadblock techniques and their technique has been general patrolling. Minimum Legal Drinking Age: Minimum legal drinking age has been the topic of debate in this country. In the past minimum legal drinking age was reduced to 18, 19, or 20 in some states. With reducing the minimum
Prevention curricula. Sometimes the content of these or similar curricula are delivered in other venues, e.g., youth clubs. (Strategies..., N.d., p. 5) Strategy Priority Level of Effectiveness School policies regarding alcohol use on school property or at school sponsored events (These policies are especially important in high schools, but are even more important in colleges and universities.) This strategy has been found to reduce substance use problems. Media literacy programs to make youth more sophisticated about
HIV Risk Prevention: Educating Minority Adolescents Fighting HIV / AIDS involves no less than changing our whole sexual culture." Peter Piot, Executive Director of UNAIDS, feels that what is most vital is that preventive education be stressed into young people's behavior. (UNESCO Courier, October 1999). Around half of all new cases of HIV infection in the whole world involve young people between 15 and 24, and in more and more cases,
Psychosocial factors, such as depression, anxiety and social support, also induce drinking. This study confirmed that social cognitive factors drove college students to report on their own drinking. Psychosocial motives drove them to do so only at 1%. Social support was the only significant psychosocial predictor. The awareness of both the positive and negative consequences of drinking was quite likely behind the willingness of college students to report on