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Cole illustrates the French point-of-view upon entering Alexandria as one of profound disappointment. The people's worth, for the French, was measured by the shabbiness of the city. The French then felt a noble duty to make the situation better for these people. Al-Jabarti, not surprisingly, takes umbrage with this. The righteous outrage embodied in his criticism of Napoleon's letter may seem over the top, harping on points of grammar, but it illustrates effectively the outrage at the French pompousness. Al-Jabarti does not accept the right of the French to rule Egypt, nor does he accept any of their half-baked arguments for the invasion. His outrage taints much of his narrative, but it is hardly unreasonable. He demonstrates contempt towards the French for being unlike Muslims; but the French are clearly demonstrating contempt towards the Alexandrians for not being Europeans, or at least ancient Alexandrians.
While these two often disagree, there are instances where the information that they provide supports one another. They both noted the righteousness of the French. They both documented the manner in which the Egyptians fled their homes, taking everything with them as an act of defiance, and how those same individuals were robbed by the Bedouins. Cole even uses al-Jabarti has a source when discussing the impact...
They also both agreed that the French had difficulties once established in Egypt. They attempted to rebuild Cairo only to find it was more difficult than intended. The French had hoped for support among the merchant class, but had trouble mustering such support.
The two narratives cover the same events, but from two vastly different perspectives. Cole attempts to include some non-European thought by citing al-Jabarti multiple times, but his views are colored in large part by the way that Europeans understand the world. Al-Jabarti's view is likewise colored by his background. As a result, they cover the same ground, yet seldom discuss the same precise topics. The sense of anger in al-Jabarti's narrative contrasts with the detachment of Cole's. Cole's focus on tactics and logistics contrasts with al-Jabarti's discussions about the different people involved in the conflict and their roles. Combined, we have a much stronger picture of the French invasion of Egypt, precisely because we get two very different views of the conflict with these two narratives. By understand the perspective each author brings, we are able to gain better perspective for ourselves.
" (p. 164) the army of Charles was defeated in this battle however, it was not destroyed. The total loss of life in this campaign for each side of the battle was astronomical. Chancellorsville The work of Lieutenant Colonel Herman L. Gilster entitled: "Robert E. Lee and Modern Decision Theory" published in the Air University Review (1972) states in the Battle of Chancellorsville, in Virginia in May 1863 involved a battle between
The other factors are the increased level of expenditure and mismanagement of government revenue. While Egypt experienced difficulties in servicing of its debts, the European creditors would not allow the country time. In 1875, Ismail shelved payment of interest on loans which forced European creditors, Britain and France, to appoint two people to represent their interests through negotiating new agreements. Egypt continued to service the debts faithfully to an extent
Napoleon was sent to French military schools at Brienne and Paris. He received his commission in the artillery in 1785. After the outbreak of the French Revolution, he attempted to join the Corsican patriots led by Pasquale Paoli, but his family was thought to be pro-French. A political event was to reopen his career overnight. In Oct. 1795, a royalist Parisian rebellion attacked the Convention, and Paul Barras convinced the
This code sprang directly from the Napoleon's exposure to Enlightenment philosophy, whose central premise was that reason alone should dictate the rule of man. In his code, Napoleon attempted to create a rule of law dictated entirely by his principle that government should be nothing more than "the application of common sense" (Schom 290). The code spelled out rights to personal safety and property, contract procedures and obligations, even
Muhammad Ali in Egypt and the Influence of Napoleon Services and Mission of Muhammad Ali Pasha Reforms under the Regime of Muhammad Ali Pasha Societal Reforms Education Reforms Westernization Economic Reforms Agricultural Reforms Political Reforms Political Reforms Economic Strengthening Activities to Make Egypt Self Sufficient Muhammad Ali the Father of Modern Egypt AFU Armed Forces Union CGS Chief of the General Staff CUP the Committee of Union and Progress Dev-Sol Revolutionary Left Dev-Yol Revolutionary Way D-SK Confederation of Unions of Revolutionary Workers DP Democrat Party EEC or EC European
Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq were all "constructed" as "imperial conveniences for France and Britain" (Gause, 444). And so, when the British and French were authoritative landlords, places like Kuwait (a British "protectorate" until 1961) were safe from outside interference. But once Britain was long gone from Kuwait, Hussein had his chance to move in and he did, until the U.S. And its allies pushed him out in 1991. Conclusion: