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While freedom of religion absolutely guarantees the right to refrain from choosing to submit to stem cell-based treatment, the same freedoms and the concept of separation of church and state absolutely preclude religious beliefs about when life "begins" (or about anything else) from dictating laws that affect other people who may not share those particular beliefs (Dershowitz, 2002).
Beneficence and Non-malfeasance
Certainly, both the concept of beneficence and non-malfeasance absolutely prohibit the use of fetal stem cells from any fetus that is sufficiently developed to be considered a "person" as well as from any fetus that is sufficiently developed to sense pain. Medical authorities may debate where the exact point is where "personhood" first becomes an issue, but in principle, that characterization must be a function of objective criteria and never subjective beliefs of laypeople, especially based in religion...
Those duties would naturally require medical ethicists to err on the safe side and avoid ever exploiting a substantially developed fetus for research purposes (Levine, 2008). However, it is equally clear that a fertilized human zygote consisting of only a few undifferentiated cells cannot possibly be entitled to any "rights" since it is too undeveloped to have any ability to sense pain, much less to survive on its own.
References
Dershowitz, a. (2002). Shouting Fire: Civil Liberties in a Turbulent Age. New York:
Little Brown & Co.
Levine, C. (2008). Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Bioethical Issues. Dubuque, Iowa:
McGraw Hill.
(Evangelium Vitae, encyclical letter on the value and the inviolability of Human Life) What the Pope was referring to was the debate over the ethics of stem cell research, and cloning and to other related issues that deal with experimenting with human embryos and fetuses. In fact, today, embryos can be created in a Petri dish, through in vitro fertilization, and these embryos are used for stem cell extraction and
The ethical dilemma will then be solved rationally by taking steps to serve as many people as possible, both to build awareness for the healing powers of the practice, and therefore grow my business and to serve those in greatest need. It is for this reason that the only way that I can see to further both goals is to develop a system of sliding scale payment for those in
The tragedy is that, often those who wish most for the blessing of children are deprived of this privilege for whatever reason. An even greater charity is that, when the long-awaited life finally does arrive, it is damaged so badly that medical science can do very little but alleviate its suffering to some extent. The question is whether such a child should be kept alive, and whether the quality
Assuming all those issues are addressed, mandatory HPV vaccination may be a good idea for all children and the option should be made available to adults and funded, at least in part, by government funds and profit limitations on vaccine sales. REFERENCES Allen, Terry, J. Merck's Murky Dealings: HPV Vaccine Lobby Backfires; Corpwatch (March 7, 2008). Retrieved March 26, 2008, from Corpwatch: Holding Corporations Accountable website, at http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=14401 Pharmaceutical News (March 5,
Heal Sometimes What personal, cultural, and spiritual values contribute to your worldview and philosophy of nursing? How do these values shape or influence your nursing practice? The personal values that contribute to my worldview and philosophy of nursing include: the ability to empathize with patients / their families, solving the needs of stakeholders and creating a positive atmosphere for everyone. Cultural values are based upon working with people and numerous demographics.
Racism and Ethics in Healthcare The United States achieved significant advances in the second half of the 20th century to reduce the prevalence and impact of racism on minorities, after failing to address it adequately in the hundred years in between the formal emancipation of the African slaves in 1865 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Edwards, Wattenberg, & Lineberry, 2009). During that time, systemic racism was evident throughout American