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The results of this study show several things: one, the child's temperament regarding willingness to learn at home is "mediated" by his or her mother's level of self-efficacy; two, stress in the family impacts the child's home learning because of stress's effect on mother's self-efficacy; three, low income parents have economic and ethnic hurdles to overcome in order to reach a point of self-efficacy, but those parents that can overcome those challenges have been demonstrated to show "...some sense of competency or confidence" (e.g., self-efficacy) to be able to facilitate a quality home-learning environment that truly can prepare the child for learning in school. Interventions that help parenting skills are important, the authors assert, because self-efficacy may be "a critical characteristic of healthy families who provide stimulating and nurturing contexts for young children" (Machida 183)
Fantuzzo, John, McWayne, Christine, & Perry, Marlo A. (2004). Multiple Dimensions of Family Involvement and Their Relations to Behavioral and Learning Competencies
For Urban, Low-Income Children. School Psychology Review, 33(4), 467-480.
A survey involving 144 city-based Head Start children sought to determine which of several aspects of family involvement in early education had the greatest impact on children's...
The outcome showed that "Home-Based family involvement emerged as the strongest predictor of child outcomes" in school (McWayne, et al., 467). There is no doubt that families living in a poverty environment struggle with more issues than those in higher socioeconomic classes. And this study purports that not enough research has gone into the linkage between low-income parental involved and their preschool children's outcomes academically.
The data-based study by Fantuzzo and associates shows that basic home-based activities like reading to the child, asking a child about what happened in school (and pressing the child to say more than just "It was okay"), and providing a special place in the home for learning activities, had a positive effect on the child's approach to learning. Moreover, higher levels of home-based learning activities translated to "significantly lower levels of classroom behavior problems" (Fantuzzo 474). More home involvement by the mother proved to be helpful "...on measures of language and literacy in kindergarten and first grade" (Fantuzzo 476). The findings also showed that home-based involvement in a child's early education has a more positive effect on the child's in-school learning than "home-school conferencing" - albeit that aspect of family - teacher involvement is important too.
Extreme, obsessive, and ongoing parental alienation can cause terrible psychological damage to children extending well into adulthood. Parental Alienation focuses on the alienating parent's behavior as opposed to the alienated parent's and alienated children's conditions." (PAS Website, 2009) There are stated to be seven specific stages of grief experienced in the Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) Grief Model. Those seven stages are as follows: Here is the grief model called "The 7
Application of the PAS to the myriad cases that include some rejection of a parent by a child involves the eye of the beholder" (Grief, 1997, p. 134). When the rejection of a parent by a child is taken to the extremes that are characteristic of parental alienation syndrome, though, the outcomes will inevitably be harmful for both the targeted parent as well as the children involved and these
Homosexual Viewpoint For a long time, the topic of homosexuality has raised controversial responses from different quotas of the society. This paper aims at developing an argument in support of homosexual phenomena in the society. One of the reasons that society should be accommodative of homosexuality is that it does not cause harm to anyone. The standard references to gay people include 'lesbians' for the females and 'gays' for the males.
Groups for Relationship Issues Support groups do what their title implies that they do -- they provide emotional, psychological and community support for individuals that are struggling with problems. This paper discusses support groups that exist to help people resolve romantic and other relationship issues that can stand in the way of a normal, peaceful existence. This paper delves into several kinds of support groups that deal with relationship issues,
Lesson Plan Amp; Reflection I didn't know what state you are in so was unable to do state/district standards! Lesson Plan Age/Grade Range; Developmental Level(s): 7-8/2nd Grade; Below grade level Anticipated Lesson Duration: 45 Minutes Lesson Foundations Pre-assessment (including cognitive and noncognitive measures): All students are reading below grade level (5-7 months) as measured by standardized assessments and teacher observation Curricular Focus, Theme, or Subject Area: Reading: Fluency, word recognition, and comprehension State/District Standards: Learning Objectives: Students will develop
Branding in Service Markets Amp Aim And Objectives Themes for AMP Characteristics Composing Branding Concept Branding Evolution S-D Logic and Service Markets Branding Challenges in Service Markets Considerations for Effective Service Branding Categories and Themes Branding Theory Evolution S-D Logic and Service Markets Branding Challenges in Service Markets Considerations for Effective Service Branding Branding Concept Characteristics Characteristics Composing Branding Concept Sampling of Studies Reviewed Evolution of Branding Theory Evolution of Marketing Service-Brand-Relationship-Value Triangle Brand Identity, Position & Image Just as marketing increasingly influences most aspects of the consumer's lives, brands