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¶ … sponsored Terrorism
Terrorism has a long history on the international stage. It is the use of violence by specific groups looking to change the politics of a country or region. Starting with Guy Fawkes trying to blow up Parliament and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, terrorists tended to be small groups of likeminded individuals, who received non-state support. The 1970s saw the introduction of terrorist groups funded by governments (Gareau, 2004). These state sponsored terrorists, were a covert method of governments to wage war and carry out their interests without international scrutiny. Today, while states are apprehensive of publicly supporting any sort of terrorist activity, it does exist. The Darfur conflict is a modern example of state-sponsored terrorism.
The conflict in Darfur started in 2003; the people of the Darfur region were growing dissatisfied with their political marginalization and chronic economic underdevelopment, along with elements of ethnic tension, which culminated in violence by two rebel groups. Members of the Sudan Liberation Movement and Justice and...
The ethnic tension stemmed from the colonial era, when Arab tribes were shown favoritism in the colonial administration. Darfur, an area populated by non-Arabs, was neglected and underdeveloped. This trend continued after independence from British rule, as Arabs retained control of the government, continuing to favor Arab populated regions. The Arab elite also promoted Arab supremacist tendencies, developing antagonistic policies against Christians and Africans (Jackson, Murphy, Poynting, 2011). The supremacist attitudes of the government in Khartoum, explains the extreme measures it took to suppress the Darfur rebellion.
Khartoum argues it took legitimate counter-insurgency measures, an appropriate and necessary exercise of state power. However, non-Arab populations in Darfur experienced murder, rape, and carnage, planned and carried out by their own government (Gareau, 2004). Civilians were attacked, entire villages were burned, and large segments of the population were displaced. The actions of the Sudanese…
References:
Gareau, F.H. (2004). State terrorism and the United States: From counterinsurgency to the war on terrorism. Atlanta, GA: Clarity Press.
Jackson, R., Murphy, E., & Poynting, S. (2011).Contemporary state terrorism: Theory and practice. London: Routledge.
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