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This is the gap and the solution filled in by TR programs. They have the knowledge about disabilities and provide alternatives for specific needs not included in the curriculum. But they have to be as knowledgeable about legal obligations and risks related to their programs as they are about the programs. The failure to recognize such risks or observe pertinent legal obligations not only exposes them to legal threats. It also substantially slows down the progress of the practice in schools. Updated knowledge on legal obligations and risks should then be incorporated into their guidelines so as to reduce exposure to liability suits (Taniguchi et al.).
TR for Older Adults with Dementia and Behavioral Symptoms
Most of health care deals with disturbing behaviors by administering medications, such as Thorazine and Haldol (Buettner et al. 2006). These medications are known for their severe side effects. More than half of nursing home residents afflicted with dementia are taking one or more of these psychoactive medications, which entail risks of falls, loss of function, hip fractures, decreased cognition, and premature institutionalization. All these risks also carry greater risks of death, especially in older persons. The Federal Drug Administration recently announced that older patients using atypical antipsychotics for dementia confronted a higher risk of death than patients not on these medications. Incidentally, it does not approve antipsychotics for dementia (Buettner et al.).
A recent study was conducted on the effects and impact of TR on older persons with dementia (Buettner et al. 2006). They were 107 participants, aged 65 and older, from five long-term health care residences in Florida. Results showed that the recreational interventions and TR process proved effective in changing the participants' behavior. It also found that the interventions stimulated their cognitive abilities. They found their roles in cooking, food preparation and sharing very satisfying. These findings underscore the effective contributions of TR in the behavioral real of dementia care. The study clearly points to the positive effects of TR on elderly persons with dementia, passivity and agitation. The result represents 79-91% success in the study's predictive scale. At...
2006). This medical provider, in turn, adjusts the patient's medication or sends him for a psychiatrist or evaluation. Few medical providers order for non-pharmacological solutions, such as TR, because of the lack of awareness of its value. Findings of studies like these on the treatment of dementia-related behavior should, therefore, be made part of medical and nursing instruction (Buettner et al.).
Bibliography
Asenjo, Bill. Recreation Therapy. Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health: CBS
Interactive, Inc., 2005. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_gGENH/is_20050229/ai_2699003671?tag=content;col1
Bent, Leah M.; Johnson, Kristen; Klaas, Sarah; Rathsam, Shannon; and Schottler,
Jennifer an Upward Slope. Parks & Recreation: National Recreation and Park
Association, 2003. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1145/is_4_38/ai_100960613?tag=content;col1
Buettner, Linda L.; Fitzsimmons, Suzanne; and Atav, a. Serdar. Predicting Outcomes of Therapeutic Recreation Interventions for Older Adults with Dementia and Behavioral
Symptoms. Therapeutic Recreation Journal: National Recreation and Park
Association, 2006. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3903/is_20060/ai_n1788504?tag=content;col1
Hamilton, Erica Shane and Cody, Ann E. Recreation Grants for People with Disabilities in Jeopardy. Parks & Recreation: National Recreation and Park Association, 2002.
Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1145/is_5_37/ai_86505436?tag=content;col1
Taniguchi, Stacy; Widmer, Mark; and Taniguchi, Amy. Tort Liability Considerations for Therapeutic Professionals. Therapeutic Recreation Journal: National Recreation and Park Association, 2008. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3903/is_ai_n31109294?tag=content;col1
Bibliography
Asenjo, Bill. Recreation Therapy. Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health: CBS
Interactive, Inc., 2005. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_gGENH/is_20050229/ai_2699003671?tag=content;col1
Bent, Leah M.; Johnson, Kristen; Klaas, Sarah; Rathsam, Shannon; and Schottler,
Jennifer an Upward Slope. Parks & Recreation: National Recreation and Park
Association, 2003. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1145/is_4_38/ai_100960613?tag=content;col1
Association, 2006. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3903/is_20060/ai_n1788504?tag=content;col1
Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1145/is_5_37/ai_86505436?tag=content;col1
Taniguchi, Stacy; Widmer, Mark; and Taniguchi, Amy. Tort Liability Considerations for Therapeutic Professionals. Therapeutic Recreation Journal: National Recreation and Park Association, 2008. Retrieved on March 28, 2009 at http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3903/is_ai_n31109294?tag=content;col1
Educators and other professionals in related fields have responded to the increasing prevalence of the condition by developing and implementing appropriate strategies and interventions even without sufficient understanding of the disorder. Teachers, counselors, school psychologists and others who render related services are encouraged to be familiar with the DSMIV-TR. They are also advised to acquire a working knowledge of the school-related characteristics of students with as so that they
National corporations own many chains, even though several others are independently owned but affiliated with a chain through a franchise agreement. Types of Hotels The U.S. Department of Labour (2004) denotes five basic types of hotels: Commercial - These hotels operate year round and are primarily located in cities or suburban places. The larger properties offer an assortment of services for their guests, such as coffee shops, restaurants, cocktail lounges, gift shops,
Depression, Diabetes and Obesity This is a case study on a 58-year-old male, Mr. H.Y. who worked at a supermarket and is now retired. He has a supportive wife who works full time and children who are all independent .He has a history of smoking, but quit 10 years ago and drinks alcohol twice a week. He is obese and a known case of diabetes for one year. He has gained
Forgiveness on human health. In its simplest form, the purpose of the study is to evaluate human psychological stress that might constitute a risk factor for heart disease. Further, the study will also evaluate the impact of forgiveness on heart disease. However, such a simple dissertation clearly demands further definition. What, exactly, do we signify when we speak of heart disease? What is properly considered as forgiveness? What impact does
Treatment of Psychological Disorders The patient is a 46-year-old man who is experiencing difficulties at work to which he attributes the symptoms he is experiencing. Presenting symptoms include feelings of depression, difficulty sleeping, loss of appetite, difficulty concentrating, anxiety, and three episodes of panic-attack. The patient's wife is very worried about her husband and reports that their communication is practically non-existent over the past three weeks. Schema for Diagnosis, Treatment, and
This confusion would have been intolerable for him, creating disorganized patterns of thought. Out of this disorganization developed delusion. The boy came to imagine that the father killed the mother. Another way cognitive (and psychodynamic) approaches explain the genesis of schizophrenia is by reference to childhood trauma. Things such as abuse, divorce, a domineering mother, or witnessing murder are seen as major factors in schizophrenic development (Koehler & Silver, 2009,