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By the end of the century, many world leaders began to reject the ideals of nationalism. Instead of stressing responsibility to one's country, they began to stress responsibility to the world. In fact, the world economy was subject to globalization, and growing concerns about the effects of environmental pollution on all of the people in the world ushered in a growing sense of cosmopolitanism. However, that does not mean that nationalism died out. On the contrary, many Western nations continued to engage in a sort of cultural nationalism, in which they linked financial and other forms of aid for foreign countries to certain cultural conditions. In addition, though many countries discussed a global agenda, the majority continued to promote national interests at the cost of others, especially third-world nations.
Today, nationalism continues to be a force for divisiveness. In almost every setting, nationalism is touted as a source of unity, but one must always examine who is welcome...
For example, in the Middle East, the Taliban promoted cultural nationalism, seeking to have countries, most notably Afghanistan, run under Islamic law. However, only extreme fundamentalist views of Islam were considered tolerable. This phenomenon has occurred in the United States as well, where nationalism after 9/11 led to decrease tolerance for ethnic and religious diversity.
Nationalism can be a relatively benign phenomenon, much like enhanced patriotism. However, nationalism is really no longer a productive ideology. In today's global economy, the reality is that all of the world's citizens will eventually pay for irresponsible behavior that may only impact certain groups today. Whether seeking to isolate a group from other cultures and ethnicities, or seeking to impose values on other countries, modern nationalism is dangerous to the collective security, because it inherently includes some degree of dehumanization of the people outside of one's own nation.
So denotes Hobsbawm in considering the era of revolutionary independence. Here, Hobsbawm asserts that nationalism "aimed to extend the scale of human social, political and cultural units: to unify and expand rather than to restrict and separate. This is one reason why Third-world national liberation movements found the 19th century traditions, both liberal and revolutionary-democratic, so congenial. Anti-colonial nationalists dismissed, or at least subordinated, 'tribalism', 'communalism' or other sectional
This is because the ideas of self-determination would help inspire large numbers of people who shared a common identity and values. Yet, because they were being oppressed for whatever reasons these common ideas would fuel thoughts of self-determination. This is significant because this was the intention of all corresponding revolutions. However, this would morph into something more twisted. In many ways this would help fuel the rise of nationalism
So, Belgium chose a proportional representation system in 1899 in order to avoid a permanent confrontation between the two sides. The sub-societies of Belgium recognize and respect each other and they all agree on a principle of self-organization. The Belgian government is based on a principle of mutual recognition of the segments, and permanent compromises between them to spread over public goods (Lijpharrt, 1977). The federalization of the state was another
Nationalism of Spain and Russia -- Destabilization and Change This paper discusses how nationalism has been able to handle destabilization and various changing process. The two major countries chosen for this paper include Spain and Russia and their overall growth of nationalist identity will be focused on in this paper to make a thorough and encompassing comparative analyses. Destabilization and Change - Spain and Russia Russia According to various scholars, Russia was popularly known
These commonalities encompass all aspects of the society, which includes the economy, the political structure, history and culture of the nation. Modern nationalism traces one of its roots to the history of Germany, wherein, for as early as 1815, the pursuit for nationalism became evident through the student associations or "Burschenschaften," which promoted and encouraged German nationalism through the circulation of the writings of Johann Fichte and Lutheranism. Strong antagonism
They offer a very insightful and at the same time entertaining view on nations and nationalisms as each of them tend to argue a different point-of-view. Ernest Gellner is considered to be a theorist of the modern comprehension of the idea of nationalism. In this sense, one of the most important aspects of his theory revolves around the discussion of several time periods. More precisely, he advocated the belief that