Annotated Bibliography for Prisons Conditions

Aleinikoff, T. (2014). Between National and Postnational: Membership in the United States. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 110-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230554795 This paper focuses on the 'postnational viewpoint' to the American notion of sovereignty and membership. The author defines what postnational viewpoint is and explains it means the view that a universal model of membership is replacing national citizenship and is doing so because it is anchored within deterritorialized concepts of persons' rights.

Essentially this means there is a respect for global human rights norms leading to a "deterritorialized membership." This is important to consider when comparing the states of prisons in Russia and the United States because the rights of prisoners may reach a form of universal expression in that everyone gets treated in a way that people deem appropriate regardless of location. Kennedy, S., Sharapova, S., Beasley, D., & Hsia, J. (2016). Cigarette Smoking Among Inmates by Race/Ethnicity: Impact of Excluding African-American Young Adult Men from National Prevalence Estimates.

Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 18(suppl 1), S73-S78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntv157 This article details the prevalence of cigarette smoking among incarcerated adults citing the quantity being twice as much as the non-incarcerated population. Interestingly, whites were shown in the study to smoke more than their black counterparts. This study shows an important facet of the prison system in relation to health and stress. White prison adult prison inmates are more likely to smoke than any other prison population group.

Although exclusion of incarcerated black men could result in a minor underestimation, the smoking prevalence signals a need for smoking cessation support among those incarnated in American prisons and other correctional facilities. Listwan, S., Sullivan, C., Agnew, R., Cullen, F., & Colvin, M. (2013). The Pains of Imprisonment Revisited: The Impact of Strain on Inmate Recidivism. Justice Quarterly, 30(1), 144-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2011.597772 The United States need reform in its prison systems. This article explains how imprisonment in American prisons leads to increasing subsequent levels of offending.

Drawing from GST, or general strain theory, the study analyzes whether exposure to such strains related with imprisonment has an effect on recidivism. Such strain includes perception of a menacing prison environment, direct victimization, and antagonistic relationships with correctional officers. The data collected from 1,613 release inmates located in Ohio showed consistency with general strain theory suggesting certain kinds of strains increase the chances of recidivism and reveals that painful prisons do not reduce offending, but rather, encourages. Maschi, T., & Ronald H. Aday, R. (2014).

The Social Determinants of Health and Justice and the Aging in Prison Crisis: A Call for Human Rights Action. International Journal of Social Work, 1(1), 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijsw.v1i1.4914 This paper focuses on the increasing presence of aging prisoners in current prison populations. It also highlights America's ever expanding number of prisoners and remark's on the United States having the biggest incarceration rate per capita. Not only have the number of prisoners increased in recent years in the United States, but also the number of aging prisoners.

Conditions such as overcrowding are apparent in several prisons and correctional facilities. The paper reveals promising practices and case studies that may assist in coordinating efforts to address the aging in prison crisis as well as the overcrowding experienced in the American prison system. Moran, D. (2012). Prisoner reintegration and the stigma of prison time inscribed on the body. Punishment & Society, 14(5), 564-583.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474512464008 This articles observes the stigma inmates have after attempts at reintegration and shows the lack of resources and support available after they are released from prison in the modern Russian Federation. The article highlights the need to understand these shortcomings so in the future such negative experiences or attempts at reintegration could in turn provide the enabling of improvement of provision of services those incarcerated and then released.

While there is stigma attached to prisoners after they are released in the United States, they still receive support and experience less stigmatization than those getting out of Russian prisons. The article higlights that level of stigma. Moran, D., Piacentini, L., & Pallot, J. (2011). Disciplined mobility and carceral geography: prisoner transport in Russia. Transactions of The Institute of British Geographers, 37(3), 446-460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5661.2011.00483.x This paper presents a gap in literature concerning mobility and mobility as an expression of power.

The authors contend that mobility represents and connects freedom and autonomy. It shows how mobility can become coerced and/or involuntary. The explore two literature pieces that explore and focus on spatial regulation and draw together an instance of "disciplined mobility" through modern prisoner transport within the Russian Federation. This serves as a demonstration of both punitive power exercised through mobility as well as of mobility within the carceral context. The authors than consider future research implication on the overall concept of "disciplined mobility" and its existing and prevailing framework.

Moran, D., Pallot, J., & Piacentini, L. (2013). Privacy in penal space: Women's imprisonment in Russia. Geoforum, 47, 138-146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.01.002 This article provides insight in how public spaces in prisons in Russia do not enable docility in inmates, rather enables performance of docility. Meaning, inmates pretend to be docile while being observed and then change as they transition into private spaces. These private spaces may exist within the public spaces through careful manipulation of the area.

Russian prisons, especially in regards to female inmates, produce ineffective Foucauldian disciplinary methods and therefore need to be examined to see why they are ineffective since evidence shows inmates are not changed by the disciplinary approaches. The article also gives insight into female populated prisons in general. Piacentini, L., & Slade, G. (2015). Architecture and attachment: Carceral collectivism and the problem of prison reform in Russia and Georgia. Theoretical Criminology, 19(2), 179-197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480615571791 This paper discusses the trajectory of prison reform within post-Soviet Russia.

By researching and reviewing recent development in reform, they hoped to analyze resilient legacies existent in the culture of punished born within the Society period. Bringing in the concept of caceral collectivism, the examine prison life in the Soviet Union then and now. When the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, it revealed the urgent need for reform in Soviet nations and also how opposite their routine penal practices were when compared to western penalties. Penal self-governance and collectivism remained resilient despite the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1990's.

Reiter, K. (2014). The Pelican Bay Hunger Strike: Resistance within the Structural Constraints of a.