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Counselor Education
Discuss the key points in the literature review and how the author used this section to identify the gap or problem addressed in the study. Therefore, the researchers pose the follow research question guided the present study, "What is the experience of doctoral attrition in counselor education?" Since the attrition of a PhD student represent a potentially significant misuse, or inefficient use of resources, understanding the experiences that are related to attrition could help to illuminate the factors that led up to the decision to retire from the PhD program, as well as an opportunity to improve resource and risk management relative to PhD students and PhD programs.
Describe the phenomenon under study and how it is a key component in this qualitative research study.
Describe the problem and how it informed the research questions under study.
Describe the qualitative design used and why it is appropriate for the identified problem and research questions. Support your response with a peer-reviewed citation from a research source.
Assess the appropriateness of the instruments used to collect data and answer the research questions as well as to address the stated problem.
The researchers chose to focus on doctoral student attrition which occurs across academic disciplines and presents problems for noncompleting students and the programs from which they withdraw. The problems that are inherient in this situation are numerous and occur at different levels for all the different stakeholders involved. For example, the department that sponsors a PhD student loses an opportunity cost due to the fact that they could have devoted their resources to another candidate that was either willing and/or able to finish the program in contribute in some manner to the university as well as the field in general. The PhD student also could have also most likely better devoted their time elsewhere, in light of their attrition, which could represent a stumbling block along their career development path.
PhD Program Attrition Overview
Given the importance of PhD students to graduate schools worldwide, there have been many efforts to understand the factors that are relevant to issues related to PhD student attrition from the perspective of universities. For example, one study used data from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation's Graduate Education Initiative (GEI) that is an organization that provides funding to some of the top graduate students in the U.S., there were fifty-four universities in total, including most Ivy League institutions, that served as the source of data for one particular study that examined the attrition over a fifteen year period (Ehrenberg, Jakubson, Groen, So,…
References
Ehrenberg, R., Jakubson, G., Groen, J., So, E., & Price, J. (2007). Inside the Black Box of Doctoral Education: What Program Characteristics Influence Doctoral Students' Attrition and Graduation Probabilities? Education Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 134-152.
Willis, B., & Carmichael, K. (2011). The Lived Experience of Late-Stage Doctoral Student Attrition in Counselor Education. The Qualitative Report, 192-207.
Pre-Course Program for Entry-Level Online Adult Students Distance education is one of the most dynamic and fastest-growing segments of college and graduate level education. Many educational institutions with long histories of traditional classroom-based learning opportunities are expanding their programs to include distance-based learning via the Internet. In fact, many colleges and universities have invested heavily in their distance education programs. Courses for distance learners are offered in an array of
This was usually the case with the proliferation of British rule at the time; trade was the predecessor to British Colonialism. For administrative purposes, Singapore became a part of Penang and Malacca which were two other settlements in the region. By 1826 these areas were grouped together and became known as the Straits Settlement. Initially the centre of the Straits Settlement was Penang. Penang was governed by Calcutta and
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