NURSING

Nursing: Cardiovascular Surgery

After going through sections of the given book and watching a video of cardiovascular surgery, the indications and risk factors for bypass graft, aortic replacement, and valve replacement surgery include age, previous heart surgery, serum creatinine level, peripheral or cerebral vascular disease, left main artery coronary artery stenosis, and left ventricular ejection fraction, etc. (Gardner et al., 2004).

The most common diagnoses observed in patients who have undergone cardiovascular surgery are:

Coronary artery disease: This disease is triggered by plaque formed around the walls of the arteries responsible for pumping blood to the heart and other body parts (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2021).

Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI): It is a type of heart attack but less harmful than the actual one since the damage caused to the heart is lower than a real heart attack (Baptist Health, n.a.). It is most commonly caused by tobacco products, hypertension, low involvement in physical activities, the possible presence of diabetes,