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Child abuse maltreatment limited an age occur infant, toddler, preschool, school-age years. Choose age groups (infant, toddler, preschool, school age) discuss types abuse age. Discuss warning signs physical emotional assessment findings nurse child abuse.
Reporting suspected child abuse: The nurses' dilemma
Accusing a parent or other relative of child abuse is a serious allegation, and nurses are understandably often reluctant to take such a step. Common signs of child abuse in school-age children include (but are not limited to): "bruises, fractures or burns that are not adequately explained" (such as cigarette burns); sexually explicit comments by the child that are not age-appropriate; unexplained genital or rectal injuries; sexually-transmitted diseases; abnormal behavior or behavioral changes; reported nightmares; simulation of sexual acts by him or herself or with peers; psychosomatic headaches and stomachaches; withdrawal from peers; depression; low self-esteem; "indiscriminate affection toward all adults;" signs of neglect; inadequately dress; being unclean; "poor school attendance;" and a "lack of standard pediatric care" (Klass 1989).
"All fifty states, as well as Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, have passed some type of mandatory child abuse reporting statute" for physicians as "a requirement in order for states to receive federal...
However, not all cases of suspected child abuse are black and white. Does spanking constitute child abuse? Most would say that it is still culturally accepted as a practice to some degree -- but how much and how frequently? To what extent is poverty a form of 'neglect' or abuse, based upon the parents' ability to care for the child? "Parenting may be especially difficult for low-income parents who struggle to rear children under stressful conditions" and parents may react in inappropriate ways to that stress (Medora, Wilson & Larson 2001). Drawing the line between what constitutes abuse and a 'bad day' is part of the role of the nurse.
The advantages of breastfeeding
A key component in encouraging women to breast feed is education. "Older women tend to have more education and life experience, and so may be more likely to breastfeed. Education…plays a role in determining breastfeeding, possibly because women with more education may better understand the benefits of breastfeeding than those with less" (Rachel, Scott, & McLanahan 2008: 189). Mothers must understand that breastfeeding conveys significant advantages to the baby from birth onward. At birth, it strengthens the child's immune system. "Known as liquid…
References
Albrandt, B. (2002). Turning in the client: Mandatory child abuse reporting requirements and the criminal defense of battered women. Texas Law Review, 81(2), 655-678.
Klass, Perry. (1989). Child abuse: The interrogation warning signs. New York Times.
Medora, N.P., Wilson, S., & Larson, J.H. (2001). Attitudes toward parenting strategies, potential for child abuse, and parental satisfaction of ethnically diverse low-income U.S.
mothers. The Journal of Social Psychology, 141(3), 335-48.
http://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/why-breastfeeding-is-important/index.html
The findings from Experiment 2 indicate that maltreated children's lower recognition accuracy is not secondary to an impairment of their ability to detect physical differences between facial expressions. Rather, maltreatment seems to affect children's understanding of particular emotional displays (p. 684). Relationship with Peers and Parents: A study conducted by Burack et al. In 2007 assessed the ability of maltreated school-age children and adolescents to understand the thoughts, feelings,
In 1999 Herr & Conrad identified a number of areas of activity as particularly appropriate for primary prevention of physical abuse. Tackling the effects of poverty, or enabling parents to cope with them, are key components of many primary prevention interventions. While it is particularly difficult to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of primary preventive strategies, this problem eases as we target interventions at those most at risk of developing particular problems.
Child Abuse What is child abuse Every explanation of child abuse and abandonment takes for granted a description of the child. The Convention on the Rights of the Child stipulates that a child is "any human who has not attained the age of 18 years except if the law pertaining to child majority is reached at an earlier age." (Child abuse & neglect) Child abuse and abandonment, at times also ascribed to
Child Abuse: Child Abuse Reporting Who are some of the individuals who are mandated to report suspected child abuse? What are some of the conditions under which mandated reporters must report? The California Child Abuse and Reporting Act (CANRA) places upon community members the responsibility to report suspected cases of child abuse involving children in their care, or those with whom their interact in the course of their work (McCulloch, 2012). The
The second includes verbal and emotional assaults including persistent patterns of belittling, denigrating, scapegoating, and other nonphysical, but clearly hostile or rejecting behaviors, such as repeated threats of beatings, sexual assault, and abandonment. The third, residual, category includes other forms of emotional abuse such as attempted sexual or physical assaults; throwing something at a child but missing; withholding shelter, sleep, or other necessities as punishment, and economic exploitation (p.11). According
Child Abuse? The issues of child abuse in the larger society are often unnoticed until it is too late. Unfortunately, public perceptions of the precursors to abuse are limited, and the unfortunate reality of 'out of sight, out of mind' is prevalent in a society which moves as quickly as ours, and in which individuals are completely engaged in their own lives, expressing little ability to watch out for, or