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This comparative analysis contrasts Rhode Island and Florida, on the one hand, with South Carolina on the other. Variables used in the comparative analysis include political culture, geography, voting policies, citizen referendums, and policy outcomes.
II. Comparative Analysis: State
Political Culture
Political culture refers to norms, attitudes, and beliefs “about the functions and expectations of the government,” (“State Political Culture,” n.d.). Demographics have a strong bearing on political culture, as political culture is often an extension of other cultural variables. The most common model for classifying American political cultures is the Elazar model. The Elazar model proposes three types of political culture: the moralistic, individualistic, and traditionalistic. Using the Elazar model, South Carolina and Florida are classified as traditionalistic, whereas Rhode Island is classified as individualistic (“State Political Culture,” n.d.).
Geographic Areas
According to the United States Census, as of 2010, Rhode Island is less than ten percent rural in terms of population. Just over 60% of Rhode Island’s total land mass is classified as rural too. One-third of South Carolina’s population, on the other hand, is rural, and 92% of the state’s total area is rural. Florida is more similar to Rhode Island in that less than ten percent of the population lives rurally, but 86% of...
For example, the Department of Education (2011) shows how South Carolina, Rhode Island, and Florida are all roughly even in terms of actual student outcomes after the implementation of specific educational policy.
III. Comparative Analysis: Policy
Focusing more specifically on the policy problem of teacher shortages, the state-by-state comparison yields important information about how geography and political culture affect policy outcome.
Political Culture
States will propose different strategies for dealing with teacher shortages, depending on their political culture. Florida, for example, is offering stipends for teachers who are willing to fulfill certain specific shortage areas (Quinton, 2017). However, Florida may be one of the states reducing the qualifications needed to teach in order to address the shortage (Learning Policy Institute, n.d.). Rhode Island has been granting emergency certificates, and South Carolina is similarly offering “alternative certification” methods (Learning Policy…
References
Aragon, S. (2016). Teacher shortages: what we know. Education Commission. https://www.ecs.org/wp-content/uploads/Teacher-Shortages-What-We-Know.pdf
Learning Policy Institute (n.d.). Uncertified teachers and teacher vacancies by state. https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/uncertified-teachers-and-teacher-vacancies-state
Quinton, S. (2017). Teacher shortages linger in many states. The Pew Charitable Trusts. http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2017/12/28/teacher-shortages-linger-in-many-states
“State Political Culture,” (n.d.). OER Services: American Government. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-amgovernment/chapter/state-political-culture/
“States with Initiative or Referendum,” (n.d.). Ballotpedia. https://ballotpedia.org/States_with_initiative_or_referendum
United States Census (2010). Urban and rural population by state. https://cber.cba.ua.edu/edata/census2010/Urban%20Rural%20by%20State%202010%20short%20ver.xls
United States Department of Education (2011). Educational performance of states. https://www2.ed.gov/about/reports/annual/state-of-states/index.html
Wong, K.K. & Shen, F.X. (2002). Politics of state-led reform in education. Educational Policy 16(1): 161-192.
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