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¶ … groups or the relationship between variables?
The hypothesis involves a relationship between variables. ESL programs are intended to help students who have a deficiency in English skills. In many instances the program has many individuals who are from other countries and speak another language. The Stanford English Language Proficiency Test is designed to gauge to proficiency of students English skills. Therefore, we would like to determine the relationship between involvement in ESL programs and the overall improvement of English skills of students. For example many of the variables mentioned above can be placed in their respective categories. Parental education can be placed in a category of high school, college, some college, graduate and doctoral. Schools are often ranked by their respective states. For example, in Florida, schools are ranked from "A" to "F." These categories can therefore be used in the regression. Much like schools, teachers are also ranked by their respective states. Online reviews, teacher assessments, and overall classroom grade are all categories that can be used to assess the overall strength of the teacher.
How many independent variables do you have? How many dependent variables? What are they?
In the case of ESL programs and the link to improved scores, there are many independent variables. For example prior education is an independent variable that impacts test scores. The education of parents and their impact on learning comprehension and assessment is an independent variable. The overall caliber of the both the teacher and the school itself are also variables that need consideration. In regards to dependent variables, the actual time spent studying English material is a dependent variable. Exam scores ultimately will depend on the amount a time a student spends studying the material.
Are there any covariates being controlled?
The school and teacher covariates are being controlled.
Is the dependent variable categorical or continuous?
The dependent variables are continuous. The hours spent studying cannot be placed in a category like the other variables mentioned above. Instead, hours continually move in a positive direction. They are not stationary and can dramatically improve over time. The regression may therefore have problems with multicollinearity as the variable of study hours is directly correlated to both the school and teacher quality.
Based on the above considerations, what statistical test would be best to use for this study and why?
The factorial logistic regression is the best statistical test to…
References
1) Bagdonavicius, V., Nikulin, M.S. (2011) "Chi-squared goodness-of-fit test for right censored data." The International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, p. 30-50
Brevity is also necessary because reading for content and for linguistic problem solving is the focus" (Kruger). In contrast to the brevity of the intensive program the extensive program "consists of longer selections, that are assigned to be read outside of class, like novels or short stories" (Kruger). Of course a major goal of the program was English language knowledge and reading comprehension, but "Vocabulary building is an intrinsic part
ESL Teachers Lillian Mercado Hernandez Problem Statement Comment by Jose Otaola: Preliminary evidence that provides justification that this problem is meaningful to both the local setting as well as to the education profession and discipline. Provide three to five key citations that highlight the In Puerto Rico, teachers lack preparation to teach English. Teachers of Puerto Rico are not certified as English teachers. She or He is not able to teach
population of ESL has grown in recent years. While the population has grown, they have continually underperformed when it came to ESL classes and exams. ESL teachers must be better prepared and educated to deal with the hurdles ESL students experience as they learn English. They must also learn to adopt new strategies that provide a better learning outcome. This research paper will feature articles and studies that highlight
The LDDI results were rated separately and were compared with an inter-rater reliability of.99. Results were categorized independently and were then categorizations in three areas were compared: positively identified, not identified, and questionable. The LDDI is a survey instrument with six independent scales used to identify specific learning disabilities. These scales include: Listening, Reading, Writing, Mathematics, and Reasoning. Each scale has fifteen items associated with behaviors that typically indicate specific
Colostate.edu/guides/research/casestudy/pop2a.cfm. 3. Hispanic, White Communities Forge Ties in Alabama (2003) a UA Center for Public Television and Radi9o Production. Online available at: 4. McDade, Sharon a. (2002) Definition of a Case Study. Faculty Center for Teaching and Learning - North Carolina State. Online available at http://www.ncsu.Edu/fctl/Programs/Instructional- Development/Teaching _Materials / CaseStudies/Materials / Case studyDefintion.pdf# search =%22 CASE%20STUDY % 3A%20DEFINIT ION%20OF %22. 5. UAB Wins $389,000 in Grants to Help Teachers Educate Non-English Speaking Children
The study used student projects as the main vehicle for integrating active learning methods into the lecture. The study took place during a 10-week class, with four projects being assigned to groups of size four to six. Projects centered on (1) statistical tests of goodness-of-fit; (2) design of a simple experiment and analysis of variance using two factors; (3) factorial design experiment and analysis; and (4) regression analysis. In