evolution of management theory

Art of Security
1. I am not sure this is an art to contemporary security practice. Security is about identifying and mitigating risks. That's a fairly scientific exercise, and it has to be, because quite frankly any failure on the security front is a vulnerability. No client pays for an artistic who may or may not be on; clients pay for security from scientists who rigorously identify risks, test methods of preventing risk, and close off any opportunities. Being able to identify risk might be seen by some as an art, when the risk is unknown, but conceptualizing the unknown can also be done in a fairly scientific manner, just by observing, looking around and asking questions. If you think you have all the answers, you have not asked enough questions. I don't by the logic that there is an art to security.
2. McGrath (2014) argues that there have been three eras of management since the Industrial Revolution. The first was the execution phase, influenced by Henry Ford and Frederick Taylor, an era where management started to become a thing that was studied, and in those days the study was about getting things done. The next phase was more about expertise, where expertise from sociology and psychology were introduced – Follett, Weber and Bernard were key influencers in this stage. The most modern stage of management, according to McGrath, focuses on empathy. As work became more about knowledge, management became more about humans.
The principles of scientific management were not abandoned, but rather they have transformed in terms of their focus. Science from a wide number of fields has been applied to management, making it more comprehensive than when the idea of scientific management was first introduced. Modern management began with the scientific study of how to get things done at scale, but as the nature of work has changed, the focus of that study has changed, to the point where now it is almost entirely about the human side of work.
Fayol's work has continued to be influential, even as the nature of the workplace has changed. In Fayol's 14 principles, there is the division of work and the authority of management, both of which hold true today (MindTools, 2018). People are even more specialized than in Fayol's day, when the idea of being a specialist was unusual, or turning to a Taylorian person who only knew how to do one thing. Today's specialists are knowledge specialists – your value lies in what distinct knowledge you have. Fayol was one of the first management thinkers to argue that managerial authority came with responsibility – most managers prior to this time were assumed to have immutable formal powers, responsibility not a factor. So we have seen an evolution in these two concepts, but Fayol would recognize each in the modern workplace.
A couple of other Fayol principles can readily be found in the modern workplace – remuneration takes more forms today than it did in his day, but is considered to be important, and is tied to the idea of specialized work. Equity is critical; a workplace today can seldom function without at least the perception of equity among the employees. Reducing turnover is still a thing, especially today and especially with the most skilled workers. When talented knowledge workers leave, it can be very difficult to replace that knowledge and the organization might not be the same. Esprit de corps is another concept still found in today's workplace, where it has evolved into the idea of organizational culture, and cultural fit. The same can be said for initiative, as Fayol advocated for employees to have the freedom to create and carry out plans.
There are some differences, of course. While most ideas has adapted in the past century, the idea of only having one direct supervisor is often not the case today, and chain of command is also being abandoned in favor of a more meritocratic model where trust is important, at least in the most progressive of organizations. So there are definitely a couple of Fayol's ideas that have been left behind in the evolution of the workplace in the past century.
References
McGrath, R. (2014) Management's three eras: A brief history. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved August 24, 2018 from https://hbr.org/2014/07/managements-three-eras-a-brief-history

MindTools (2018) Henri Fayol's principles of management MindTools. Retrieved August 24, 2018 from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/henri-fayol.htm