Exploratory Data Analysis in SPSS

¶ … SPSS How did you treat missing or oddly coded data, and outliers? The SPSS function for Missing Data was used to identify any outliers or oddly coded data. The percent of missing data is high at 47.2% or 1063 potential responses to the question. The number of extremes or outliers in the high range is 220. Because the numbers are high, it would be useful to look at the raw data to determine how these answers were coded.

This question is an interesting one and the pattern of responses suggests that additional analysis with this variable could reveal relationships with other factors. What did you visually observe about your variables? Responses to some of the questions are clustered for a number of the survey respondents. That is to say that there appear to be some respondents in the sample who are very active users of their cell phones and other respondents who barely use their cell phones.

What were the results of testing for normality for scale (interval or ratio) variables? The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality was used because of the size of N, although both Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics are shown in the data table. The p-value is Weight one> Split File one> N of Rows in Working Data File Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing User defined missing values are treated as missing. Cases Used All non-missing data are used. Syntax DESCRIPTIVES VARIABLES=q20 /STATISTICS=MEAN SUM STDDEV VARIANCE RANGE MIN MAX SEMEAN KURTOSIS SKEWNESS.

Resources Processor Time 00:00:00.02 Elapsed Time 00:00:00.00 [DataSet1] / Users/Downloads/171243_May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav Descriptive Statistics N Range Minimum Maximum Sum Mean Std. Deviation Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Q20. On an average day, about how many text messages do you send and receive on your cell phone? 0 72991 61.39 5.330 Valid N (listwise) Descriptive Statistics Variance Skewness Kurtosis Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Std. Error Q20.

On an average day, about how many text messages do you send and receive on your cell phone? 33773.093 4.280 .071 18.173 .142 Valid N (listwise) DESCRIPTIVES VARIABLES=q20 /STATISTICS=MEAN SUM STDDEV VARIANCE RANGE MIN MAX SEMEAN KURTOSIS SKEWNESS. Descriptives Notes Output Created 07-AUG-2015 10:17:00 Comments Input Data /Users/Downloads/171243_May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav Active Dataset DataSet1 Filter one> Weight one> Split File one> N of Rows in Working Data File Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing User defined missing values are treated as missing. Cases Used All non-missing data are used.

Syntax DESCRIPTIVES VARIABLES=q20 /STATISTICS=MEAN SUM STDDEV VARIANCE RANGE MIN MAX SEMEAN KURTOSIS SKEWNESS. Resources Processor Time 00:00:00.02 Elapsed Time 00:00:00.00 [DataSet1] / Users/Downloads/171243_May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav Descriptive Statistics N Range Minimum Maximum Sum Mean Std. Deviation Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Q20. On an average day, about how many text messages do you send and receive on your cell phone? 0 72991 61.39 5.330 Valid N (listwise) Descriptive Statistics Variance Skewness Kurtosis Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Std. Error Q20.

On an average day, about how many text messages do you send and receive on your cell phone? 33773.093 4.280 .071 18.173 .142 Valid N (listwise) MVA VARIABLES=q20 /LISTWISE. MVA Notes Output Created 07-AUG-2015 10:26:38 Comments Input Data /Users/gigi/Downloads/171243_May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav Active Dataset DataSet1 Filter one> Weight one> Split File one> N of Rows in Working Data File Syntax MVA VARIABLES=q20 /LISTWISE. Resources Processor Time 00:00:00.03 Elapsed Time 00:00:00.00 Univariate Statistics N Mean Std. Deviation Missing No. Of Extremesa Count Percent Low High q20 61.39 47.2 0 a.

Number of cases outside the range (Q1-1.5*IQR, Q3 + 1.5*IQR). Summary of Estimated Means q20 Listwise 61.39 All Values 61.39 Summary of Estimated Standard Deviations q20 Listwise All Values Listwise Statistics Listwise Means Number of cases q20 61.39 Listwise Covariances q20 q20 33773.093 Listwise Correlations q20 q20 1 GET FILE='/Users/Downloads/May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav'. DATASET NAME DataSet1 WINDOW=FRONT. EXAMINE VARIABLES=q20 /PLOT BOXPLOT STEMLEAF /COMPARE GROUPS /STATISTICS NONE /CINTERVAL 95 /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL.

Explore Notes Output Created 07-AUG-2015 11:15:28 Comments Input Data /Users/Downloads/May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav Active Dataset DataSet1 Filter one> Weight one> Split File one> N of Rows in Working Data File Missing Value Handling Definition of Missing User-defined missing values for dependent variables are treated as missing. Cases Used Statistics are based on cases with no missing values for any dependent variable or factor used. Syntax EXAMINE VARIABLES=q20 /PLOT BOXPLOT STEMLEAF /COMPARE GROUPS /STATISTICS NONE /CINTERVAL 95 /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL.

Resources Processor Time 00:00:01.25 Elapsed Time 00:00:01.00 [DataSet1] / Users/Downloads/May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav Case Processing Summary Cases Valid Missing Total N Percent N Percent N Percent Q20. On an average day, about how many text messages do you send and receive on your cell phone? 52.8% 47.2% Q20. On an average day, about how many text messages do you send and receive on your cell phone? Q20. On an average day, about how many text messages do you send and rec Frequency Stem & Leaf 30.00 0. 9.00 0. 888 10.00 1. 222 30.00 1. 5555555555& .00 1. .00 1. 86.00 2. .00 2. 15.00 2. 55555 .00 2. .00 2. 34.00 3. .00 3. 5.00 3. 55 .00 3. .00 3. 21.00 4. .00 4. 1.00 4.

& 220.00 Extremes (>=50) Stem width: 10 Each leaf: 3 case(s) & denotes fractional leaves. EXAMINE VARIABLES=q20 /PLOT BOXPLOT STEMLEAF NPPLOT /COMPARE GROUPS /STATISTICS NONE /CINTERVAL 95 /MISSING LISTWISE /NOTOTAL. Explore Notes Output Created 07-AUG-2015 11:21:15 Comments Input Data /Users/Downloads/May_2010_Cell_Phones.sav Active Dataset DataSet1 Filter one> Weight one> Split.