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High Fructose Corn Syrup
There has been some discussion in certain quarters about the idea of banning high fructose corn syrup from the food supply. Before such a determination can be made, one must understand what high fructose corn syrup is and what it is not. HFCS became popular by the mid-1970s as a replacement for sucrose. It has the same sweetness level of sucrose, but is more stable (White, 2008). Further, it derives from corn, a crop which is more plentiful in the United States that sugarcane. At this point, HFCS has nearly the same market share as sucrose in the United States (White, 2008).
One of the issues with high fructose corn syrup is that it is said to be less healthy than other sugars. Since the mid-1970s when it came into popularity, high fructose corn syrup use increased by 10,000%. It contributes 132 kcal per day, on average, for non-infant Americans. The top consumers of HFCS derive double the calories per day from it (Bray, Nielsen and Popkin, 2004). One of the differences with HFCS is that "the digestion, absorption and metabolism of fructose differs from those of glucose" (Bray, Nielsen and Popkin, 2004). Given that there has been spike in obesity in the United...
For example, while it has been shown that fructose-sweetened beverages "result in lower 24-hour plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and leptin in humans"(Stanhope and Havel, 2008), studies have proven inconclusive with respect to the long-term effects of fructose consumption and obesity (Stanhope and Havel, 2008). Being able to demonstrate equivocally a link between a product and harmful outcomes is essential to the question of whether or not it should be banned from the food supply. When compared with aspartame, a calorie-free sweetener, it was found that the aspartame sodas resulted in reduce caloric intake, and that HFCS increased caloric intake and body weight (Tordoff & Alleva, 1990). The issue of course is not whether a diet soda has fewer calories and a lower contribution to weight gain than one with HFCS -- this is long-established fact -- but whether HFCS is any worse than any other sugar form. The FDA points out that in sucrose, fructose and glucose are joined by…
References
Bray, G., Nielsen, S. & Popkin, B. (2004). Consumption of high fructose corn syrup in beverages may play a role in the epidemic of obesity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 79 (4) 537-543.
FDA (2014). High fructose corn syrup Food & Drug Administration. Retrieved October 13, 2015 from http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm324856.htm
Stanhope, K. & Havel, P. (2008). Endocrine and metabolic effects of consuming beverages sweetened with fructose, glucose, sucrose and high fructose corn syrup. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 88 (6) 1733-1737.
Tordoff, M. & Alleva, A. (1990). Effect of drinking soda sweetened with aspartame or high-fructose corn syrup on food intake and body weight. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 51 (1990) 963-969.
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