¶ … particular topic that one has picked and what has been covered in the broader subject area of that topic (John, 2007). So as to apply relevant scientific knowledge, it has to be obtained from the great quantity of available literature. This is accomplished in a literature review. Founding the application of the present literature on a systematic review differs from the opportunistic application of literature. Allegations in publications are often supported by one or a few references, even though there is a lot more literature on the topic. In the ideal cases, the cited work incorporates the present literature in a suitable manner. Publications are, however, cited for opportunistic reasons: they are simply the only publications that the author is familiar with on the subject or they agree with the author's ideas (Aken, Berends & Bij, 2007). There are several ways through which a literature could be done. The most obvious manner is to start with the library. For instance, a series of editions on research, in particular disciplines, are published by JAI. These are frequently updated, given that new material is published. Also, it is essential to take note of the seminal works in the region, specifically those that provide an overview of the approaches to an existing literature on a certain topic. Another manner of getting started in to start with the suitable researches written about the topic over the years. These particular texts frequently offer remarkable references, however, this has the disadvantage that it quickly expands the research field and this could work against the need for research focus (Easterby-Smith, Thorpe, & Jackson, 2012).

There are several fields of business research whereby it is quite challenging to discover any professionals, but there exist fields where this is not the case. In the field of 'Service Quality' in marketing research, for instance, it would be quite challenging to evade A. Parasuraman's work (Parasuramanet al. 1991; Parasuraman and Zinkhan 2002), given that this particular author has broadly published on this topic and offered an essential theoretical model of Service Quality. It is important that the work of Max Weber (1947, 1968), as well as that of his critiques, is referred to in the area of 'Bureaucracy in Organizations'.

Several distinct features and imperatives are contained in a literature review as its characteristics. The need for the critic to offer a thorough yet sensible report of whatever is being reviewed is the first imperative. By engaging with and critiquing past research, the reviewer ought to strike a balance, which simultaneously illustrates criticality via inquisitive and considered arguments with respect to the theories, assumptions as well as techniques applied, and at the same time, recognizing the validity of insights and strengths made by the research. Secondly, literature reviews should surpass a descriptive re-run that had been documented and integrate a thread, which gradually develops the particular research topic for which the study is being done. Thirdly, reviews go through the period of a research project, instead of the usual understanding that it is carried out at the commencement of a research and concludes there. The review stays as a continuing project that calls for alterations and improvements as the research advances. This is partly because of empirical findings, which may direct the study on a new direction, and thus, alterations to preliminary arguments and also due to the fact that new findings crop up every time and that the study ought to display these and stay updated (Easterby Smith, Thorpe, & Jackson, 2012).

Identify crucial elements that will prepare you to become a more effective researcher. Assess what makes your research effective, and what ethical practices should shape your work.

A research is not effective unless the person doing it is working effectively on it. Every person does research in their own way, and in whatever environment they feel comfortable. A single person researching prefers to do it alone while a group research is done with social pleasure, as a lot of people think that there is room for creativity in that type of research. For example, scholars like Darwin, Freud and Degas performed researches with their colleagues and it was also proposed that the gap between theory and practice is bridged which makes it more effective (Bryant, 2005). Several elements play their part in making the research an effective one:

Memory: It is important to know the complete history of the research that one is doing otherwise there will be a lot of things that do not connect with each other and would not make sense of the research. The literature review is particularly that part of research which includes the historical aspect of the research (Bryant, 2005).

Skepticism: Every research has flaws so the researcher should have a skeptical attitude which would help him/her to critically...

If the objective of a researcher is only to satisfy the external force then he can never become an effective researcher (Bryant, 2005).
Passion: This particular element is very important because if the researcher is not passionately involved in the research then his levels of distraction and intrusion increases. An effective researcher is committed to his/her work but also does not let it overpower his family life (Bryant, 2005).

Moreover, the quality of writing and design is another important element that an effective researcher has to pay attention to. With good quality and design, the reader finds the research very clear and easily understands the work that the researcher has put up (Bryant, 2005).

Ethical considerations are an important part of research and have evolved with time, but a researcher is also judged upon the ethical principles that he has to follow while doing a research (Bryman & Bell, 2003).

Harm to Participants: A research that has likely harmed the participants is not accepted by the externals. Harm can be imposed on different ways that can include harm to self-esteem, physical harm, failure to provide the mentioned money, stressful interviews etc. (Bryman & Bell, 2003).

Lack of Informed Consent: It is important that the participants know about the research even in covert or overt observations. It is the responsibility of the researcher to provide the participants with full privacy and security. The researcher might not get the results he is expecting because of the changed behavior of participants, but not informing them also violates the ethical principle (Bryman & Bell, 2003).

Invasion of Privacy: This relates to the level of privacy that can be disturbed of the participant. Every person gives importance to their privacy so violating or invading it is not acceptable in an effective research (Bryman & Bell, 2003).

Deception: A participant in the research should never be deceived regarding the research. this particular element also differs in the levels as the researcher wants natural responses so they explain their topic a little differently (Bryman & Bell, 2003).

Identify and describe features and benefits of using a logic diagram as a research tool.

A logic diagram helps the researcher to stay organized in his findings and design. This also shows clarity because it presents the arguments and rationale in a diagram form. It also helps the researcher to check the logic with the client as well as the team members making it easy for them to understand how far have to work gone by and what changes are needed to be done (Vandenbosch, 2003).

Data: The diagram should include data so that the researcher can easily convince the stakeholders, clients and other related people. The data to be included does not necessarily have to be quantitative but can also include qualitative research.

Findings: This is a summary that is concluded from the raw data which helps the researcher to easily give direction to the researcher to find out solutions. This helps the researcher to cross out the irrelevant data and revise hypothesis (Vandenbosch, 2003).

Conclusion: This is a statement that is based on the findings and data of the research which explains the opportunities and problems. It also includes hypothesis which becomes part of conclusion after they are tested and supported.

Solution: This part describes the actions that the client believes is based on the concluded part. The solution realizes the opportunities as well as provides solution to the problems. The solution also confirms that the logic is correct (Vandenbosch, 2003).