Job Attitudes

¶ … Meta-Analysis Stages and Practices (based on Figure 1, p. 307, Kirca & Yaprak, 2010) The Causal Relation Between Job Attitudes and Performance: A Meta-Analysis of Panel Studies How Important Are Job Attitudes? Meta-Analytic Comparisons Of Integrative Behavioral Outcomes And Time Sequences Formulate problem Identify and read relevant theoretical and empirical articles studies were utilized.

Contextual performance and focal performance were the two main factors on which the studies were based Identify important, common variables, study, and measurement characteristics to assess The two variables being studied were job attitudes and job performance Job attitudes were linked to different factors that came under the category of contextual and focal performance Identify contradictory findings Decide on meta-analysis objectives To fill the gap between the relationship of these two factors. To fill the gap between the relationships of these two factors.

Develop preliminary theoretical framework Job attitudes were defined as a person's affective and cognitive evaluation of their job. Meta-analytic correlation matrix was used 2. Collect Data Conduct key-word database searches Search terms used were satisfaction, commitment, work or job organization. Search terms were job satisfaction, absence, lateness, contextual and focal performance Search references of key studies The Databases studied were ABI/Inform, Business Source Premier, PsycINFO and Web of Science. The Databases studied were ABI/Inform, Business Source Premier, PsycINFO and Web of Science.

Manually search relevant publications Lists of studies including previous meta analysis, qualitative review on satisfaction, commitment, and performance were checked. Lists of studies including previous meta analysis, qualitative review on satisfaction, commitment, and performance were checked. Solicit studies from key researchers Colleagues who searched this area were requested. Furthermore, a request for unpublished data through mailing list of German association of industrial and organization psychologists was also sent.

Previous studies were used Post requests for articles and working papers on academic list-serves A request for unpublished data was posted on the page of Society for Industries and Organizational Psychology. Develop elimination criteria Studies that took place in classrooms, sports teams or artificial environments were excluded. Screen studies according to elimination criteria Studies were reviewed based on the seven criteria's stated. Two main criteria were discussed that were further divided into sub-categories Decide whether data is sufficient to proceed with meta-analysis 16 studies were declared usable.

Number of studies was not mentioned 3. Evaluate Data Identify common metrics across studies (e.g. correlation coefficient) Single and joint correlations for commitment and satisfaction.

Correlations between different criteria, job satisfaction and job attitude Identify key substantial and methodological study characteristics This was not done in the study This was not mentioned Prepare coding form and manual This was done This was done Code each study This was done This was done Prepare database and check for errors Hunter and Schmidt's chi test was used Hunter and Schmidt's chi test was used 4.

Analyze Data Conduct univariate analysis of mean effect sizes As mentioned above, analysis was done of the two job attitudes: commitment and satisfaction and of job satisfaction as well. The analysis was bivariate Search for moderators using bivariate analysis of effect sizes Search for moderators using multivariate analysis of effect sizes Construct and analyze the meta-analytical correlation matrix to test theory This was carried out. This was carried out 5. Interpret and discuss Report univariate and bivariate findings using tables and figures This was also done.

This was done Make detailed recommendations for future research based on the findings The recommendations were that more studies need to be done to figure out the causal relationship between the two variables. Article 1 critique Article Name: The Causal Relation Between Job Attitudes and Performance: A Meta-Analysis of Panel Studies Critique The author of this meta-analysis did put in a lot of effort for the collection of different studies. Both published and unpublished studies were included in this Meta analysis. First, electronic databases were searched for published and unpublished dissertation.

Both of these electronic databases revolved around business and psychology subjects. Furthermore, studies were also taken from researches who were studying this area of interest. Requests were mailed and posted for researchers to provide their data on this topic. The inclusion criteria were quite strict and due to this reason, many studies were removed from this analysis. Many of the authors were contacted and inquired for the missing correlations. The studies were coded by a doctoral student and Michael Riketta into two categories.

One way that this meta-analysis could be improved is to take in consideration the economic conditions of when this study was carried out. Both job attitude and job performance are linked to the situation of the economy at that time. If a person is direly in need of money, their performance might be optimum even if he is not satisfied in his job. Furthermore, many people's attitude is affected by conditions in their families and home as well.

The correlation of job attitude and job satisfaction involves many other moderators that should be examined in a matter way. The study collection and coding process was done with rigor but the inclusion criteria still needs more work. The inclusion criteria need to include certain psychosocial factors like the individual's relations with their friends or family. They also need to ensure that they were not going through any medical or psychological conditions that would affect their attitude in the work place.

Article 2 critique Article Name: How Important Are Job Attitudes? Meta-Analytic Comparisons Of Integrative Behavioral Outcomes And Time Sequences Critique The foundation on which this article has been based upon is the compatibility principle that is a part of the attitude theory. Making use of this principle the research question of this article is whether or not overall job attitude, which includes organizational commitment and job satisfaction, has the potential to provide significantly powerful prediction with respect to the criteria of increasing integrative behavior. The integrative behavioral criteria are.