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Landbridges
Defining a landbridge is a matter of understanding how land masses are formed and where they can be found. A landbridge is a tract of land that is sometimes submerged by the ocean, and sometimes it's not. As this is a fluid situation, the tract of land at times is large enough to accommodate migration between the two larger bodies of land between which it is located, and sometimes it is so small as to be non-existent. The fluidity involved is based upon ocean waves and the depth of the ocean as it ebbs and flows. Because the ebbs and flows of the ocean change so slowly, the resulting landbridge usually changes just as slowly.
There are a number of notable landbridges including the Beringia Straits that in centuries gone by connected North America and Asia. The Sinai Peninsula connected Asia and Europe, and the Isthmus of Panama connects North America and South America.
Description
A landbridge can best be described as the exposed portions of the ocean bottom. A landbridge occurs because the ocean water that normally covers it has receded which leaves the land exposed that was not exposed before. A landbridge allows the migration of humans, plants and animals from one continent to another. As one recent study...
3520). It is speculated that this rich biodiversity is due to the fact that migration could (and can) takes place via the Isthmus of Panama.
This holds true for the continents connected by other landbridges as well. Plants and animals found in one continent can easily be traced back to a connected continent and vice versa. The strongest premise can be said that the animals, plants and wildlife migrated between the two continents and in order for that to happen there had to be a connecting landbridge.
Another study determine that "results are in accordance with a recent leading edge mode of colonization, particularly towards the east throughout Canada/Greenland and across the North Atlantic into Scandinavia and Svalbard" (Bronken Eidesen, Carlsen, Molau, Brochmann, 2007, p. 1559). The same study concluded that C. tetragona expanded eastwards from Beringia several times and that the earlier emigrants of this woody species became extinct" (p. 1560).
Size
The size of a landbridge is a primary factor in whether migration takes place or not, and if that migration…
Works Cited
Bronken Eidesen, P.; Carlsen, T.; Molau, U.; Brochmann, C.; (2007) Repeatedly out of Beringia: Cassiope tetragona embraces the Arctic, Journal of Biogeography, Vol. 34, Issue 9, pp. 1559-1574
Smith, B.T.; Amei, A.; Klicka, J.; (2012) Evaluating the role of contracting and expanding rainforest in initiating cycles of speciation across the Isthmus of Panama, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 279, Issue 1742, pp. 3520-3526
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