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They are designed not so much to render individual measurement for the instructor (although this is not true for college boards), but to find strengths and weaknesses in programs, demographics, or other cross tabulated data sets. Typically, large scale assessment programs are designed to measure accountability of information and competency. Some examples are:
NAEP -- National Assessment of Educational Process. -- A periodic assessment of student progress development by the U.S. Department of Education. Covers math, science, reading, literacy, and by 2012 world history and foreign language where appropriate. Does not supply scores for individual students, but population cross-tabulated data. Scores are available for colleges to rank incoming freshmen, award scholarships, and to provide ranking for classes. Students do receive individualized reports, but just overall scores as total, and then the five core areas (English, math, reading, science reasoning, and writing) (Kifer, 2000).
WISC -- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children -- Used for children between 6 and 16 to generate an IQ score; ten core and 5 supplemental subject areas. May be used to rank students or understand their learning disabilities.
4. What are some of the disadvantage of Large Scale Assessments? Give at least 3 and explain them.
Standardized tests fail to measure initiative, creativity, imagination, conceptual thinking, commitment and numerous other valuable skills that are more predictive than tangible knowledge on achievement and performance.
Standardized tests are often ethnocentric, and even geo-centric. They do not take into account differences in environment and cultural knowledge, but by their
These problems are compounded for African-Americans by cultural insensitivity in health materials." (Birru and Steinman, 2004) V. LITERACY TODAY 8) Mann, John G. (1989) Literacy Today: A Realtime Technology Transformation. Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. Abstract Online available at http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=ED331475&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=ED331475 As noted in the work of John G. Mann entitled: "Literacy Today: A Realtime Technology Transformation" the meaning of literacy in today's world has expanded as it now
We therefore envision the Holy Cross Literacy Garden as an immensely beneficial social and educational community resource that will benefit not only our parish but the entire community. However, planning, developing, constructing, planting, and maintaining a literacy garden will require hard work, dedication, and funding. We currently seek community volunteers as well as grant money to help us complete the literacy garden. We expect a large turnout of volunteer manpower
A greater literacy lets us act as a guide to others, lets us grow ourselves from knowledge into wisdom -- it can even let us interpret reality without empirical data: for by learning the letter of the laws of nature, we are able to understand the ways in which nature and world conduct their affairs -- without forever being reliant upon the tables and stats of men. Literacy assists
Literacy in the Aegean Bronze Age Anthropologists and archaeologists call certain societies "iron age" or "bronze age." In doing this they recognize that the properties of the main metal used by a society's technology greatly affect both its use and through this the nature of that society. For instance, bronze unlike iron is too soft to be used for ploughing; it is an alloy. Bronze can be smelted at lower temperatures
teacher instructional technology literacy instruction improve elementary (K-5) student achievement reading vocabulary? Create a qualitative research scenario phenomenology approach. Using phenomenology Does the use of instructional technology improve elementary (K-5) student reading vocabulary? In the era of high-stakes testing, student performance on reading has become increasingly important in determining school evaluations. Reading is a fundamental skill necessary for future success in life. Students are reading in a paper-based format less frequently, at
Therefore, I would tell the patient that their symptoms should not be considered in isolation of their whole person. Websites that address symptoms only are not taking into account the wealth of factors that can influence the diagnosis of a specific disease. At the same time, patients have the right to know about alternative solutions other than those provided or suggested by the physician or health care organization. Sometimes insurance