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¶ … MA or PHD level is designed to develop and new argument on a particular subject. Within the overall presentation, a literature review is a section in which previously published information in a particular subject area, time period, or focus level, is discussed. Rather than a summation of sources, a literature review should have an organizational pattern that combines both summary and analysis -- summary to recap the information from the particular author's point-of-view, analysis to provide a way to interpret material and synthesize new information (Literature Reviews, 2004).
Case Studies -- Literature Review Outlines-
Teacher's Perceptions of Strategies and Skills Affecting Learning of Gifted 7th Graders in English Classes (Noble, 2010)
Introduction
Historic Influences on Gift Education
b. Defining Giftedness
c. Precursors to Gifted Performance
Identification of Gifted Students
a. Teacher/Student Motivation
b. Instructional Strategies
c. Relationship between strategies and learning skills
III. Teacher perceptions of giftedness
a. Factors affecting utilization
b. Conclusions
Gifted Student Academic Achievement and Program Quality (Jordan, 2010).
I. Introduction
a. Identification of Gifted
b. Common myths about the gifted
c. Demographics/Psychographics
II. Gifted Programs
a. Acceleration vs. Grouping
b. Standards -- Program design and management
c. Socio-economic and counseling issues
d. Professional Development and evaluation
III. Underachievement Issues
a. Factors affecting utilization
b. Stakeholders (parents, students, teachers).
c. The mythos surrounding underachieving
Having Our Say: Thoughts, Perspectives and Perceptions of Graduates of Satellite East Junior High School for the Gifted and Talented (Alston, 2011).
I. Introduction
a. Review of Gifted Education in NYCity
b. Measures of Intellectual Ability
II. Socio-Cultural differences and academic achievement
a. Underrepresentation of Minorities in Gifted Programs
b. Standards...
Statistical Data and real life implications
d. Scope of the issue
III. Issues surrounding underrepresentation of minorities and identification of giftedness
a. Training of school professionals
b. Self-fulfilling prophecy -- teacher, administrator issues
c. Alternative identification and conclusions
Compilation
I. Introduction
a. Review of giftedness and psychology toward subject
b. Measures of Intellectual Ability
II. Identification of gifted students
a. Class and socio-economic differentiation
b. Standards and stereotypes
c. Real world standards and implications
III. Stakeholders
a. Training of school professionals (teachers, administrators)
b. Types of programs and pedagogical strategies
c. Issues surrounding gifted programs
Analysis of Literature Reviews - Each of the three literature reviews was organized in a similar manner- a combination of chronological and subject analysis development. Each started with the overall definition of the thesis problem -- what is giftedness? Then, moved into more detailed analysis and breakdown of the manner in which giftedness is defined, the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of giftedness, and how the stakeholder perceptions sometimes govern the way giftedness is identified and the manner in which gifted students are treated. The three reviews then took a slightly different approach dependent upon their personal foci: academic achievement, giftedness within a specific area, and giftedness and the subject of diversity and minority issues. The reviews were robust and substantive and while not overlapping in content, did cover the relevant issues of giftedness in an appropriate manner.
The strength of the literature reviews, particularly Alston and Noble, was the breadth of material used to illustrate a number of points: the literature was timely, numerous studies were included within the nature of the question, and results were clearly discussed within the framework of the new hypothesis. Alston and Noble most definitely did not simply synthesize the information, but combined a process of synthesis with a great deal of analysis…
REFERENCES
Alstron, A. (2011). Having Our Say: Thoughts, Perspectives and Perceptions of Graduates of Satellite East Junior High School for the Gifted and Talented. Teacher's College, Columbia University.
Jordan, K.A. (2010). Gifted Student Academic Achievement and Program Quality. College of Education -- Louisiana Technical University.
Literature Reviews. (2004). University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved from: http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/literature_review.html
Noble, J.P. (2010). Teacher's Perceptions of Strategies and Skills Affecting Learning of Gifted 7th Graders in English Classes. University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Naylor, PhD,, Dorothy A. Brooten, PhD, Roberta L. Campbell, PhD, Greg Maislin, MS, MA, Kathleen M. McCauley, PhD, and J. Sanford Schwartz, MD. All of the authors have graduate or post graduate degrees in the fields of health or medicine. This therefore makes them all qualified to write on the proposed study, and to carry out the research. They are, therefore, reliable and credible researchers in this field. The title of
B. This study used cross-sectional design and may tend to under-select individuals who have been exposed. This is known as "late-look bias." The possibility of nurses recalling MAEs over their careers may result in reporting of, or remembering information that is not accurate. C. The instrument developed by authors used expert validity, but more research is needed to determine the construction validity and use the appropriate interventions to decrease MAEs (Lin
Even the traditional public school classroom now must compete with online public school classrooms that deliver their material to the student via the Internet. The psychological and social aspects of online communication have been the study of many peer-reviewed articles over the past 15 years. The Internet is expected to have a greater social impact than television because if effects more areas of a person's life. The Internet affects their
Manage Postgraduate Study Before going on the discussion for managing the postgraduate study program it's important to understand what the postgraduate is. After the Bachelor's degree, the Master's or doctoral degree, or a postgraduate diploma or certificate taken up for higher studies are part of postgraduate program. The level of difficulty of the postgraduate study program depends upon the subject or research work taken and the kind of exposure possessed
DuPont has become one of the most well-known household names for the various products they are selling. The most notable include: corn hybrid, soybean, canola, sunflower, sorghum, inoculants, wheat, rice seeds, herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides, photopolymers, electronic materials for photovoltaic products, consumer electronics, displays, advanced printing, ultures, emulsifiers, gums, natural sweeteners, soy-based food plastics / coatings, textiles, mining, pulp, paper, water treatment, titanium dioxide, specialty fluorochemicals, fluoropolymers, performance chemicals,
The gatehouse at Harlech contained spacious chambers or halls, with fireplaces and latrines. There is little doubt that the guardhouse was home to the constable of the castle. Master James of St. George, the Harlech's builder, was himself appointed constable of his creation (Williams 2007, p. 7). The gatehouse was also occupied, in this period, by Sir John de Bonvillars, Deputy Justiciar of North Wales. The larger rooms on