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Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation in Schools
"Do students Care About Learning?"
"What Engages Underachieving Middle School Students in Learning?"
"Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation in Schools: A Reconciliation"
In "Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation in Schools: A Reconciliation," Martin V. Covington argues that both approaches can be effective if done well, and do not necessarily have to be incompatible. In his evaluation of the literature, he found that other factors, such as how interested the student is in the work, how successful they feel, affect student effort. He also found that the extrinsic reward of a good grade increased intrinsic motivation. He recommended a grading practice that compared each student's performance to a set standard, rather than grading on a curve, can increase intrinsic motivation.
In "Do students Care About Learning?" Marge Scherer interviewed author Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi regarding his book about youth and the world of work. The participants reported eight times a day how much they enjoyed what they were doing at the moment. Willingness to work hard on something one didn't particularly enjoyed correlated with doing well in high school. he found differences between more affluent and poorer students, that test scores often do not correlate with success in life, and that students showed great capacity to change over time. This doesn't mean that more empirical research is a waste of time but only that teachers need well thought-out,...
All three articles talked about what motivated students. Covington's looked at this very specifically, but all three authors noted that often extrinsic motivation was necessary. In addition, all three authors looked to students for at least some of the answers to their questions. Covington noted that why a student wanted a good grade made a difference in how much effort the student put out. When the student only wanted to please others, less effort was made than when the student wanted to please him or herself. Csikszentmihalyi looked at the issue a little differently and noted that how interested the students were in an activity made a big difference. Students were most interested in extra-curricular activities and academically-based activities that included a high-interest factor, such as computers. He found that overall, history tasks generated the least…
School Uniforms The topic of school uniforms has been a debated issue for many years. Proponents of school uniforms argue that they are necessary because they encourage children to focus more on their education and less on what they are wearing (Brunsma, 2004). On the other hand opponents of school uniforms argue that school uniforms stifle creativity and discourage individuality (Brunsma, 2004). The purpose of this discussion is to confirm that
Motivation: Relatedness Using the Jigsaw Technique Motivation Relatedness using Jigsaw Motivation: Relatedness using Jigsaw Technique In this paper, we are going to discuss the motivational issue which is faced by schools and for an ideal school these issues are to be resolved. In this paper we will present an ideal school plan in which a perfect plan will be implemented. Reasons for the low motivation will also be discussed. Motivational plans will be
This is through facilitating effective curriculum planning; use of substantive research-based practice in implementing adequate and aligned curriculum, and efficient coordination of the curricular. Other techniques include use of technology and promotion of creative, critical, and problem solving things. Lack of sustaining an instructional program conducive for the professional and learning development of the students might also come into play in the low confidence levels and low accountability ratings. According
Motivation, Stress, And Communication Ford motor is a global company dealing with the manufacture of vehicles. It has several offices/manufacturing plants in most parts of the world. For the company to run smoothly and efficiently, its operations are divided into several department headed by several departmental managers. One of the departments am in charge is the Supply Chain Systems Sales department a position I filled as the head of department. A Supply
School bullying was never considered as a real social problem until 1980's. The recent escalation in School bullying has gained attention of the masses throughout the world. Several suicide and homicide cases were highlighted by media where bullying was found to be an important factor involved. Out of 37 shooting events in different schools, nearly two third of the shooters were found to be victims of bullying in their life
Motivation in Sport Take a look at the animal world and you will find the proof that game is an inherent feature of the virtually evaluated species. This has an important part in literacy and evolution. We witness many a mock fights between kittens and pups so as to enhance their stamina, speed, tolerance and will. Through such hatred free games, they rub their hands for survival and satisfy their urge