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PARENTAL EDUCATION & GUIDANCE
Parental Education
The author of this article has been asked to conduct a literature review of three articles related to the seventh NCFR substance item, that being parental education and guidance. A total of three articles will be reviewed. There will be a review, summary and critique of each of the articles. While the interventions and assistance of the school systems and surrounding community are very helpful in the upbringing of a child, nothing can replace a sound foundation of parental guidance and education.
The first article was published in 2013 and relates to parental education and the ensuing/resulting gender gap at the college level in Europe. It would seem that the college population demographics in Europe is noticeably shifting towards the female gender and the study seeks to find out the influence of parental upbringing and educational level as an influence on how male and female children end up getting educated or not getting educated at the college once they reach the applicable age. The study looked at pool data from the European Social Survey from 2002 to 2010 with a focus on three different generational stripes, those being for parents with birth years from 1955 to 1964, from 1965 to 1974 and from 1975 to 1984. The study found that the level of parental education did not affect male or female children any differently. While the educational level of the parents certainly has an effect on whether or when the children go to college, the affect is not different between genders (McDaniel, 2013).
The author of this report is not surprised by the findings of the report. It is certainly worthwhile to find out what is causing the swing of females outstripping males in terms of who is going to college but...
This may have been the case for children coming up in the 1940's and 1950's where gender roles and expectations were much more hardline but many things have changed since then, with the 1990's and 2000's being much different than the preceding decades. There might be some gender identity/role issues in play in the grand scheme of things, but it would probably have more to do with career choice and family planning than it would on whether the child goes to college in the first place.
Article Two
The second article pertains to parental education and involvement as it relates to the education and upbringing of Latino adolescents. Of course, Latinos have unique challenges as it relates to language barriers of the children and/or the parents as well as culture clashes. The study notes that Latino youth are among the least educated demographics in the United States and the effects of this fact are wide-ranging and often destructive as Latinos adults are also among the poorest and most destitute. However, the study notes that parental involvement is far and away the best way to break this vicious cycle just as it is with other demographics. However, the added layer of a language barrier makes rising above the aforementioned challenges all the more difficult. The study points to four major dimensions of parental involvement that can make all the difference. These four dimensions are sacrifice, discussions of the future/academic socialization school involvement and home involvement (Cebello, Maurizi, Suarez & Aretakis, 2013).
This study also points to a pressing and important question in the United States as being uneducated and/or being in poverty in general is such a slippery slope that can lead…
References
Ceballo, R., Maurizi, L.K., Suarez, G.A., & Aretakis, M.T. (2013). Gift and Sacrifice:
Parental Involvement in Latino Adolescents' Education. Cultural Diversity And
Ethnic Minority Psychology, doi:10.1037/a0033472
Hupp, J., Munala, L., Kaffenberger, J., & Hensley Wessell, M. (2011). The Interactive
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