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¶ … resolution to the issue based on the principles of distributive equality.
Distributive equality
One of the difficulties in defining equality is that unless a highly simplistic and unrealistic form of 'simple' equality is enforced, in which all members of society are 'forced' to be equal, such a principle fails to be workable in the real world, as manifested in the failure of communism to create a truly equal society. "Equality distorts incentives promoting achievement in the economic field, producing an inefficiency grounded in a waste of assets arising from the administrative costs of redistribution (Okun 1975). Equality and efficiency need to be placed in a balanced relation" (Gosepath 2012). Does equality mean that every student receives an 'A' in class? Or that the tax system should be so progressive that everyone makes the same amount of money? This might indeed be equal, but it would hardly seem fair in most concepts...
"With simple equality, personal freedoms are unacceptably limited and distinctive individual qualities insufficiently regarded; in this manner they are in fact unequally regarded" (Gosepath 2012).
Distributive equality rests upon the principle that "it is not equality of objective or subjective well-being or resources themselves that should be equalized, but an equal opportunity to gain the well-being or resources one aspires to" (Gosepath 2012). Theoretically, for example, entrance into college is determined upon distributive equality. Anyone, rich or poor, can submit his or her application to a school and be judged based upon his or her report cards, standardized test scores, and resumes. Most schools will waive the application fee if the student is indigent.
However, when dealing with the question of the college admissions process, the question of equality becomes more vexed. On a level of simple equality, the…
However, when dealing with the question of the college admissions process, the question of equality becomes more vexed. On a level of simple equality, the college admissions process fails the test miserably, because the most prestigious and the most competitive institutions do not have open admissions policies. To truly avail one's self of all of the resources offered by schools such as MIT and Harvard, candidates must prove themselves worthy through a selection process, and intelligence is a major qualifier for admission. Measuring intelligence is innately exclusive and 'unequal.' Also, some people may have access to resources that others lack, which facilitates them presenting a more qualified appearance to the admissions committee. Affirmative action may make some allowances for this, but overall, this cannot entirely distill the potential impact of class upon the process.
There is even concern about how learning disabilities are viewed in college admissions. One simple method of 'equality' is to judge the admissions process solely on intelligence, as perceived by a specific standard for all. However, some students with learning disabilities may be gifted, but their special needs make it difficult for them to succeed on standardized tests like their gifted non-LD peers. "When test prep is not enough, there is another option with increasing appeal to well-off families: a diagnosis of dyslexia or attention deficit disorder that allows a student to take the SAT and other standardized tests untimed" (Allan 2006). For students with severe learning disabilities, the untimed test is supposed to make it easier, and for some students with mild learning disabilities, an untimed test is seen as giving a student a critical advantage in raising his or her score for some parents.
Having the untimed test option theoretically makes it easier for students, even students with LDs, to be treated 'equally.' But given the potential for certain individuals to abuse the option (virtually
This is inherently different than the consociational approach, which attempts to broker deals between factions without truly bridging the divide, but this does not mean that the two approaches cannot be used in tandem and in fact Byrne makes an excellent case that just such a dual approach is necessary to achieve true and lasting conflict resolution. Byrne identifies several barriers to the civil society approach in Northern Ireland,
Part One The primary theoretical models of conflict include the cooperative model, principled negotiation, human needs model, conflict transformation, and conflict transmutation (Dixit, 2004). Theoretical bases for conflict resolution include both macro-level and micro-level frameworks that guide understanding of human behavior and decision-making (Cunningham, 1998). Many theories of conflict resolution at some point refer to human needs theory, which helps clarify sources of conflict as being traceable to unmet needs. Conflict
We allowed them to propose a mutually fair distribution of chores and ever since, there have been no arguments over chores, whereas prior to this solution, it was a constant and repetitive source of perpetual conflict. Obviously, this particular solution could just as easily have been resolved much earlier, saving everyone involved the frustration of having to perform hated chores, not to mention the general resentment ordinarily associated with the
If I had utilized a more appropriate conflict management solution, I could have used this opportunity to consider alternate, and perhaps better, solutions to the product design. "Employees need conflict management skills to manage themselves, make decisions, and work effectively in the ever-increasing team environment of today's organizations" (Lang 241). Without these skills, I was unable to work effectively. In addition, my poor conflict management skills resulted in a
The Policy does have some limitations, however, and in order for the Policy to maintain a strong foundation, arbitrators should not expand its reach into areas best left to courts of law. Unrestrained arbitration decisions based on good intentions have corrupted the Policy. By exercising a little restraint, ICANN's dispute resolution providers can still save a good policy and allow the appropriate cases to be heard by courts of
In the case of this step being taken all parties agree to consider the recommendations and results of the investigation that will be carried out by this third party. The consultative committee is still heavily involved at this point as the committee and the employee that has the original complaint could not resolve it to every party's satisfaction and all parties agree to allow the third party to conduct a