The Abnormal Psychology Discussion

Evidence-Based Practice Drisko and Zayas provide significant details on the evidence-based practice (EBP) and how it can defined and applied in the daily practice of the nursing profession. In particular, Drisko strives to show how this concept of EBP can be distinguished from other relate terms like the empirically supported treatments. however, Drisko J., (2013) discusses some challenges that come with the implementation of the EBP and that need to be worked on for eventual effectiveness of the program where it is used.

The first is that the EBP implementation has become so successful to a point that both the lay person and the processionals are confused o the definition and application of the same in practice. The social workers seem not conversant with the EBP decision making model hence the mode has been jumbled up with so many 'best practices' that are based on varying standards.

Secondly, the EBP is seen to involve varying levels of research designs that are used to promote some types of research approaches and evidence and yet at the same time devaluing others, especially those with a long historical background and considerable utility, hence wastage of old knowledge. This then leads to restriction of funding for some research approaches and turning the EBP into more of social movement.

Third, the EBP has been used to making policies and funding changes for mental health care which is widely seen as a macro management approach which is not healthy for the nursing practice as opposed to the preferred micromanagement. Zayas L.Het et.al, (2011) indicate that the EBP in the contemporary nursing practice can be simplified as the integration of the best research evidence, with patient values and the clinical expertise.

It looks into the clinical state and circumstance of the client, the values of the client at a personal level, the best relevant evidence that is available and the expertise of the clinician. These are what combine to ensure a positive EBP and its implementation that is helpful to the clients. Abnormal Psychology The writer, W.J. Ray strives to show the relationship between the genes, the brain, the environment can work together to create an anti-social behavior in an individual.

He indicates that these three factors rarely work independently to successfully create an antisocial behavior in a given individual. The monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) for instance, if inhibited or knocked out is known to cause the experiment mice to express aggressive behavior, only to return to normal when reintroduced. There are other seven genes that are known to be responsible for antisocial behavior and are thought to influence brain structure; 5 HTT, BDNF, NOTCH4, NCAM, tlx and Pet-1-ETS.

The brain is then the part of the body that gets affected by the genes abnormalities, which lead to structural brain abnormalities which in effect cause the cognitive, emotional, or behavioral abnormalities, a fact that predisposes an individual to the antisocial behaviors. The researches conducted using the MRI have consistently shown that those who display some sort of psychological disorder have 11% reduction in the prefrontal gray matter. This then helps to explain that when the genes alter the brain structure, there is possibility of the antisocial behavior setting in.