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¶ … Tradition -- Qualitative traditions, also known as approaches, view the more multidimensional and multidisciplinary paradigm of research (conceptions of self, ethics, the environment, etc. (Creswell, p. 51). It is an approach or mind-set to the way research is conducted, but more than that it is the approach to the subject matter that may be sociological, cultural, historical, etc. -- all depending on the expertise of the researcher, the desired inquiry, and the theoretical grounding that is most appropriate for the project (p. 103).
In general, there are five qualitative traditions/approaches to research studies:
Narrative -- Narrative is a method and phenomenon of study -- it focuses on experiences, stories, and the spoken or written text that gives and account of events and actions that are then chronologically connected (pp. 70-2).
Phenomenological -- Narrative studies report single individual, phenomenological studies account the meaning of issues for several experiences of their "lived" experiences of a concept. This describes what the participants have in common, as they experience something. The overall purpose reduces individual experiences to group experiences that may be understood and extrapolated to others (pp. 80-1).
Grounded Theory -- moves beyond description and generates or discovers new theory (p. 103).
Ethnographic research focuses on an entire culture group -- shared patterns of behavior, belief, etc. (p. 90).
Case Study research focuses on an issue that is explored through one or more cases within a bonded system or case over time looking at in-depth data, patterns of change, etc. (pp. 96-8).
When looking at individual studies, we can identify characteristics of the above by asking basic...
Women who lose their husbands while in deployment -- Phenomenological Study due to extrapolation of grief and other emotions from larger group over time.
2. Rape victims in the military -- Phenomenological theory that could be alone or combined with case study since all victims share a bonded system (military). The issue is also looking at shared experiences and coping mechanisms, so mixed combination might be more advantageous.
3. A class that achieves academic excellence despite being in a poor area with teachers of limited experience. The class is a bonded system, but the experiences are more shared in nature; Case study or phenomenological approach. However, if the researcher has a theoretical assumption as to why the class is excelling, a Grounded Theoretical approach could also be utilized.
4. Aged in nursing units and living longer than expectations. Phenomenological approach that takes into account the anecdotes they share, but if the researcher forms a hypothesis that the reason for the longevity is X, then it may be combined with a Grounded Theory Approach to explain a phenomenon.
5. Latino community in urban area built a wealthy and progressive community. The integration of the media, businesses and the culture of the community means there are shared experiences suggests that Ethnographic research be a focus (Latino) yet their experiences may also be phenomenological in nature.
Rationale:
1. Women who lose their husbands while in deployment. Phenomenological a. Takes the individual narrative approach and juxtaposes it onto a group that has at least one commonality…
Reference
Creswell, J.W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design; choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.
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