Undocumented tudents Equity to in-tate Tuition:
Reducing The Barriers

There exist policy ambiguities and variations at federal, state, and institutional levels related to undocumented student access to and success in higher education and this has created problems for these students. This study investigated specific policies and procedures to provide the resources and capital to assist undocumented students as well as reviewed key elements of showing the correlation of these difficulties with ethnic identity in access and equity to higher education that would help eliminate student's frustration. The study also illustrated that there is no accountability system surrounding the success of undocumented student's postsecondary education divide significant structure. Three research questions guided the study; a) Without the fundamental requirements met how will undocumented students achieve their goal to attain a degree, and seek a rewarding career? b) Is it unjust to extradite an illegal alien who has been living a constructive life and…...

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Scott, W.R. (2004). Institutional theory: Contributing to a theoretical research program. Retrieved from http://icos.groups.si.umich.edu/Institutional%20Theory%20Oxford04.pdf

Spickard, P. (2007). Almost all aliens: Immigration, race, and colonialism in American history and identity. New York, NY: Routledge.

Taylor, E. (2009). The foundations of critical race theory in education: An introduction. In E. Taylor, D. Gillborn & G. Ladson-Billings (Eds.), Foundations of critical race theory in education (pp. 1-13). New York, NY: Routledge.

Immigration can be defined as the voluntary movement of non-native persons into a different country with the goal of settling and living there (Boneva & Frieze, 2001). The major reasons that people immigrate from one country to another is that they want to improve the quality of their lives, improve the future prospects for their families, or to be closer to family or close friends (Boneva & Frieze, 2001; Skrbis, 2008). Illegal immigration has been a problem in large countries like the United States that border on other countries where the standard of living is significantly lower (such as the case of the United States and Mexico). People find these relatively unprotected borders easy to transverse and are motivated to do so by the promise of a better life for them and their families. When large numbers of people legally immigrate to another country barriers are created between the immigrants…...

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References

Boneva, B.S., & Frieze, I.H. (2001). Toward a concept of a migrant personality. Journal of Social Issues, 57(3), 477-491.

Hoeing, J. (2013). Immigration benefits America. In Capitaistpig. Retrieved on July 1, 2015

from  http://capitalistpig.com/news-media/open-immigration-benefits-america/ .

Ngai, M.M. (2014). Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America:

If the foundations of the NLA are to be supported, the illegal worker will need to be provided with the complete display of NLA solutions. With that said, the tension still remains.
Key Issues

Statistics do show that illegal aliens are accounting for 21% of the foreign born populace in the U.S. In 2000 with that amount snowballing to 30% by 2005(Abraham, 2002). With numbers progressively going up each year, a lot have started asking why. They want to know where are the immigrants coming from and why are there so many of them that are allowed to come into the nation. Statistics display that Mexico is the major distributor of illegal and legal immigrants (http://cis.org/illegal). Statistics show that more than half of the Mexicans that are living in the U.S. In the year 2000 were illegitimate (odriguez, 2006). By 2004, 10.5 million illegal and legal immigrants that were Mexican were…...

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References:

Foreign sourcing decisions under the duty to bargain under the nlra. (1973). The International Executive (Pre-1986), 15(1), 17.

Abraham, S.E. (2002). The supervisory exclusion under the NLRA: Has the Supreme Court gone too far? Working USA, 6(1), 77-77.

Cimini, C.N. (2008). Ask, don't tell: Ethical issues surrounding undocumented workers' status in employment litigation. Stanford Law Review, 61(2), 355-415.

Delaney, J.T., Lewin, D., & Sockell, D. (1985). The NLRA at fifty: A research appraisal and agenda. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 39(1), 46-46.

esearch Caveat - esearch surrounding undocumented workers can often be problematic and unreliable. Primarily this is due to the nature of the subject matter -- individual on both sides of the issue are unwilling to talk because of the volaltility of the subject, language barriers, legal issues, access issues, fear of anything that even remotely feels governmental, and the validity of responses. Briefly, we can view these issues and the mitigating circumstances:

Language barriers -- Any viable research study will need to be dual language based; therefore it must be translated into the appropriate lanage and level (typically Spanish), with an emphasis on clarity, removal of hidden meanings or linguistic variations. In addition, the person or persons administering any research questionnaire would likewise need to be bilingual.

Mistrust -- Undocumented workers are often reluctant to particpate in any project that has a written component; they are mistrustful of the system, fearful of…...

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REFERENCES

Effects of Immigration on Natives' Earnings. (1995, December 11). Retrieved from Immigration - the Demographic and Economic Facts:  http://www.cato.org/pubs/policy_report/pr-immig.html#contents 

Difficult Moral Questions Surounding Undocumented Workers. (2006, March). Retrieved January 2011, from twotj.org:  http://www.twotlj.org/G-3-171.html 

U.S. Immigration Debate. (2007, June 28). Retrieved from BBCNews.com:  http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4850634.stm 

Immigration Act of 1924. (2009, December). Retrieved from United States History.com:  http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1398.html

I can think of few things that could be more dangerous for homeland security than granting amnesty to 8 to 12 million illegal aliens," said Rep Tom Tancredo, R-Colo., an outspoken critic of legalization. "Perhaps the administration ought to dedicate more energy to enforcing our existing immigration laws and less on finding ways to allow millions to skirt them," Tancredo added. (Stern and Kammer) legalization program on the scale Tom Ridge, Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, suggested would overwhelm his already overburdened department," said Krikorian. (Stern and Kammer)

Principles on Legalization

According to the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC), there are key elements that must go along with a legalization program in order for it to be acceptable.

Sacrificing the future wages, labor protections, and working conditions of both U.S. And future foreign workers in order to achieve legalization is too high a price," says a LULAC spokesperson. (League…...

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Bibliography

Barry, Tom. America's Program. 14 November 2008. 18 November 2008 online.org/am/5671>.http://americas.irc-

Brownstein, Ronald. "Immigration Reform on House Democrat's Minds." July 2002.

Agricultural Personnel Management Program. 17 November 2008  http://are.berkeley.edu/APMP/pubs/agworkvisa/earnlegal072302.html .

Camarota, Steven. "Backgrounder." June 2006. Center for Immigration Studies. 15 November 2008  http://www.cis.org/articles/2006/back606.pdf .

social issue that I want to discuss is that of illegal immigration, particularly where it pertains to families. Undocumented migrants face numerous social and legal challenges in America, but first and foremost they are human beings, and they are only here to seek a better life. Yet, the conditions under which they come are often trying. Many are virtual slaves, others struggle with the lack of access to public services, housing, and employment. In many instances there are children involved. There is also an element of social advocacy with respect to this issue --one need not look any further than protests in the past year or two in border states that targeted undocumented children to see how vulnerable this population is. Politically, the issue of undocumented immigrants might be highly-charged, but for the field of social work it is a human issue. These are people, after all, and the…...

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References

Cleaveland, C. (2010). We are not criminals: Social work advocacy and unauthorized migrants. Social Work. Vol. 55 (1) 74-81.

Furman, R., Ackerman, A., Loya, M., Jones, S. & Negi, N. (2012). The criminalization of immigration: Value conflicts for the social work profession. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. Vol. 39 (1) 169-185.

Currently children and families who are in this country illegally are entitled to the following programs.

Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) nutrition program: Agency workers do not ask for a client's immigration status"(Benefits, 2006).

Outpatient medical care: Only at clinics designated as federally qualified health centers - those helping needy communities - where clients receive medical care if they demonstrate financial need "(Benefits, 2006).

Prenatal care: Only at federally qualified health centers"(Benefits, 2006).

Emergency medical care: Paid by Medicaid if patient shows financial need"(Benefits, 2006).

Labor and delivery care in hospitals: Paid by Medicaid if patient shows financial need (Benefits, 2006)."

Immunizations: Health departments and clinics generally do not ask for immigration status. They prefer to vaccinate as many people as possible to prevent disease outbreaks (Benefits, 2006)."

Business license: The state does not ask for proof of immigration status.

Public defender: equired by the U.S. Constitution for those charged with criminal offenses (not available in civil court…...

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References

____. Benefits off-limits to illegals Undocumented can get only limited range of taxpayer-funded services." Denver Rocky Mountain News (2006)

Brinkley, John. "ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT NUMBERS UP STATE'S UNDOCUMENTED POPULATION GREW BY 28.6% FROM 1992-96" Denver Rocky Mountain News (2007)

Cohn, Dvera. "Report Details Growth in Illegal Migration; Undocumented Immigrants Outnumbered Legal Ones From 2000 to 2004, Study Says." The Washington Post; (2005)

Fears, Darryl. "For Illegal Immigrants, Some Aid Is Too Risky; Fears Abound as Government Won't Promise Immunity From Deportation." The Washington Post; (2005)

Meng and Meurs (2009) examine the effects of intermarriage, language, and economic advantage. They find that immigrants who have some skill in the dominant language of the country to which they immigrate tend to intermarry and earn more income (Meng and Meurs). Marrying outside of one's culture may influence language acquisition due to social and economic needs to advance within the adopted culture.
Moua and Lamborn (2010) note that ethnic socialization practices by parents of immigrant adolescents strengthen the ethnic heritage connection between adolescent, parent, and ethnic community. These include native language use, marriage ties, taking part in cultural events, sharing history, and preparing traditional foods (Moua and Lamborn). As noted previously, immigrant parents tend to congregate in ethnic communities, where they are essentially immersed in the ethnic culture. The native language is often the most utilized if not the exclusive language in the home. However, children are acculturated into…...

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Bibliography

Akresh, I. "Contexts of English Language Use among Immigrants to the United States." International Migration Review (2007): 930-955.

Bacallao, M and P. Smokowski. "The Costs of Getting Ahead: Mexican Family System Changes After Immigration." Family Relations (2006): 52-66.

Blatchley, L and M. Lau. "Culturally Competent Assessment of English Language Learners for Special Education Services." Communique: Newspaper of National Association of School Psychologists May 2010: 1-8.

Bleakley, H and A. Chin. "Age at Arrival, English Proficiency, and Social Assimilation Among U.S. Immigrants." American Economic Journal of Applied Economics (2010):  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813069/pdf/nihms-132959.pdf .

(Wolf, 2008) When you put all of these different elements together, it means that denying health care services to undocumented workers and their families will cause their underlying levels of health to slowly deteriorate. If something serious does occur, these people will more than likely be forced to fend for themselves.
Conducting research in these two areas would be beneficial in influencing health care policy / outcome by: highlighting the overall human cost of the problem on the industry and society. Where, the act of denying them access to health care and the lingering effects could be considered a human rights issue. As a result, the research that would be conducted would be beneficial, in highlighting the overall harsh conditions that these families are forced to endure. Once you present the situation in this light, this will shift the debate from one of a cost issue to being about: basic…...

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Bibliography

Health Care for Undocumented Immigrants. (2008). Medical News Today. Retrieved from:  http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/56809.php 

Aparico, A. (2004). Costs of Care and Lack of Health Insurance. Immigrants, Welfare Reform and Poverty Policy. (pp. 73 -- 77). Westport, CT: Praeger.

Wolf, R. (2008). Rising Health Care Costs. USA Today. Retrieved from:  http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2008-01-21-immigrant-healthcare_N.htm

unning head: DEPESSION AMONG OLDE IMMIGANTS DEPESSION AMONG OLDE IMMIGANTS 30Depression among Older Immigrant African Women in Metro West MassachusettsTable of ContentsAbstract 4Section 1: Foundation of the Study and Literature eview 5Problem Statement 7Purpose of the Study 9esearch Questions 9Definition of Key Terms 10Significance of the Study 12Theoretical Framework 13eview of Professional and Academic Literature 14Cultural Competence 15Mental Health of Immigrants 17Depression Among Older African Immigrant Women 18Stressors faced by Older African Immigrant Women 19Summary 22Section 2: esearch Design and Data Collection 23esearch Design 23Methodology 25Data Analysis 29Ethical Procedures 31Limitations, Challenges, and/or Barriers 33Summary 35eferences 37AbstractThis study titled Depression among Older Immigrant African Women in Metro West Massachusetts set out to understand the causes and prevalence of depression among older women coming from Africa to live in the United States of America. The study situated older women to be women above the age of 55 and focused on exploring the…...

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ReferencesAgbemenu, K. (2016). Acculturation and Health Behaviors of African Immigrants Living in the United States: An Integrative Review. ABNF Journal, 27(3). Alegría, M., Álvarez, K., & DiMarzio, K. (2017). Immigration and mental health. Current epidemiology reports, 4(2), 145-155. Austin, Z. & Sutton, J. (2014). Qualitative research: Getting started. The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 67(6), 436-440.   T., Ofahengaue Vakalahi, H. F., & Anderson, B. (2016). What about African American older women and depressive symptoms? Educational Gerontology, 42(5), 310-320. Barrett, L. A. (2019). Tuskegee syphilis study of 1932–1973 and the rise of bioethics as shown through government documents and actions. DttP: Documents to the People, 47(4), 11-16. Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. Nursing Plus Open, 2, 8-14.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001 Cassel, J. (1995). 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unning head: DEPESSION AMONG OLDE IMMIGANTS DEPESSION AMONG OLDE IMMIGANTS 2Depression among Older Immigrant African Women in Metro West MassachusettsTable of ContentsAbstract 3Section 1: Foundation of the Study and Literature eview 4Problem Statement 7Purpose of the Study 8esearch Questions 9Definition of Key Terms 10Significance of the Study 12Theoretical Framework 12eview of Professional and Academic Literature 13Cultural Competence 14Mental Health of Immigrants 15Depression Among Older African Immigrant Women 16Stressors faced by Older African Immigrant Women 18Summary 20Section 2: esearch Design and Data Collection 22esearch Design 22Methodology 23Data Analysis 25Ethical Procedures 27Limitations, Challenges, and/or Barriers 29Summary 30eferences 31AbstractThis study titled Depression among Older Immigrant African Women in Metro West Massachusetts set out to understand the causes and prevalence of depression among older women coming from Africa to live in the United States of America. The study situated older women to be women above the age of 55 and focused on exploring the…...

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ReferencesAgbemenu, K. (2016). Acculturation and Health Behaviors of African Immigrants Living in the United States: An Integrative Review. ABNF Journal, 27(3). Alegría, M., Álvarez, K., & DiMarzio, K. (2017). Immigration and mental health. Current epidemiology reports, 4(2), 145-155. Austin, Z. & Sutton, J. (2014). Qualitative research: Getting started. The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 67(6), 436-440.   T., Ofahengaue Vakalahi, H. F., & Anderson, B. (2016). What about African American older women and depressive symptoms? Educational Gerontology, 42(5), 310-320. Barrett, L. A. (2019). Tuskegee syphilis study of 1932–1973 and the rise of bioethics as shown through government documents and actions. DttP: Documents to the People, 47(4), 11-16. Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. Nursing Plus Open, 2, 8-14.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001 Cassel, J. (1995). 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It is interesting to note that most of the workers in the Chicago stockyards in 1906 were immigrants, just as today, and they had their rights trampled in much the same way many of the plants are accused of violating rights even today. Thus, the safety and human rights issues may have improved, but certainly not as much as one would think they would have. I believe many of the corporations are still mired in greed and corruption just as they were at the turn of the 20th century, and they will never change unless they are forced to change by the people and stricter laws. It is clear that reports and sanctions do not make a difference; they simply dispute them and continue to subjugate and mistreat their workers. They may think they have advanced from the time of Sinclair's powerful novel, but indeed they have not, which…...

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References

Editors. "Meatpacking Safety Rules Miss Mark, Workers Still Face Risks, Study Says." Lincoln Star - Herald. 15 Nov. 2006. 1 Dec. 2007.  http://www.starherald.com/site/index.cfm?newsid=17473175&BRD=484&PAG=461&dept_id=553250&rfi=8 

Gonzalez, Cindy. Group Criticizes Packers: Meat Industry Officials Dismiss Human Rights Watch Report Recommendations. Omaha World - Herald. 26 Jan. 2005. 01.B.

Sinclair, Upton. The Jungle. New York: Doubleday, Page, 1906.

immigration to the U.S. nd focuses on Charlotte North Carolina. The reader is given an foundational understanding of the INS and how it operates as well as information about immigrants in the Charlotte area, both documented and non-documented. There were four sources used to complete this paper.
INS the Immigrant Police

WHT IS THE INS?

The letters INS stand for Immigration and Naturalization Services. Its purpose is to document and legalize immigrants who come migrate to other nations to live and to work. The INS started in the 1800's when the government decided that merica had a policy of immigration that was to free and to open

fter certain states passed immigration laws following the Civil War, the Supreme Court in 1875 declared that regulation of immigration is a Federal responsibility. Thus, as the number of immigrants rose in the 1880s and economic conditions in some areas worsened, Congress began to issue immigration…...

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Arthur.C. "Hispanics Feel Economy Pinch ." AP Online; (2002): January.

Arthur.C. "Hispanics Feel Economy Pinch ." AP Online; (2002): January.

Arthur.C. "Hispanics Feel Economy Pinch ." AP Online; (2002): January.

emaining workers will get jobs at higher than equilibrium wage, the Supply curve shifts to the left, and wage and output stabilize until something else changes like input cost or legislation.
Were firms able to hire workers at less than minimum wage, say like in Figure 4, where the cost of paying illegals including the enforcement cost results in lower demand for legal minimum wage workers, the result would be a total average cost between the two supply lines, increased outcome for the firm, at less than average minimum wage cost. The new Alabama law seems to attempt to drive off the black line "illegals" by mandating stiffer enforcement for services and privileges like business or auto licenses, awls (2011) explains. This creates an interesting distribution of costs if firms derive profit, but the cost of enforcement is being pushed onto others not employing illegals. If the black line in…...

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References

Rawls, P. (2011). Ala. GOP leaders have 2nd thoughts on immigration. The Associated Press, 8

Dec. 2011. Financial News, Bloomberg Businessweek Retrieved from  http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9RGJL8G1.htm

Workplace Discrimination & Harassment
As an employee of a company, what can you do to personally to minimize discrimination and harassment?

There are several things that can be done by an individual if an employee is witnessing discrimination, whether it be because of religion, race, national origin, gender, gender identity, or because of the age of a worker.

If the discrimination is being conducted by another worker, clearly this should be reported to management. It would not be my place to go to the perpetrator and try to stop him. Hence, I should inform the union representative, or the appropriate manager at work.

Of course there is the risk that if I report that rude person for bullying another worker, or for making detrimental comments to that person, when the perpetrator finds out it was me I would be taking the risk of retaliation from that person. Still, it is important to take a…...

Based on an understanding of the facts about immigration in the modern-day United States, this would be a good topic for a thesis statement on immigration reform: Modern immigration rules and laws favor immigrants from some countries over others and place a significant financial burden on prospective immigrants and on those who would sponsor them; removing some of those financial burdens would incentivize legal immigration and therefore reduce the number of people seeking to enter the country as undocumented immigrants, helping resolve the country’s undocumented immigrant problem.

Before trying to write a thesis statement about immigration reform, it....

While the idea of border security is always innately political, it is even more so right now. Combined with immigration policy, border security helps shape what our country looks like. More importantly, immigration policy helps shape the future electorate, which some people believe will have a dramatic impact on the country’s political future. So, the first thing you should consider is how deeply you want to delve into politics, motivations, and partisan differences. If you do, then you could choose a niche thesis statement focusing on those issues. In addition, you....

1. The Challenges of Higher Education for Immigrant Students

2. Navigating Higher Education as an Immigrant: Barriers and Solutions

3. Cultural and Language Challenges in Higher Education for Immigrants

4. The Impact of Immigration Status on Access to Higher Education

5. Overcoming Financial Obstacles in Pursuing Higher Education as an Immigrant

6. Support Services for Immigrant Students in Higher Education

7. Addressing Discrimination and Stereotypes in Higher Education for Immigrants

8. The Role of Advocacy and Policy in Improving Higher Education Opportunities for Immigrant Students

9. Balancing Family Responsibilities and Higher Education as an Immigrant

10. Promoting Diversity and Inclusion in Higher Education for Immigrant Communities
11. The Mental Health....

1. The Language Barrier: A Formidable Obstacle for Immigrant Students in Higher Education

Challenges faced by immigrant students with limited English proficiency
Strategies for overcoming linguistic barriers in the classroom and beyond
The role of language support services and resources in facilitating academic success

2. Cultural Differences and the Impact on Educational Experiences

Cultural norms and values that may differ between immigrant students and faculty
Misunderstandings and communication barriers resulting from cultural differences
Strategies for fostering cultural sensitivity and inclusivity in the higher education environment

3. Financial Challenges and the Burden on Immigrant Students

Socioeconomic disparities faced by immigrant families and their....