Weaknesses
The preexisting research on which the criterion is drawn from must be valid -- for example, the research on empowerment used to create the above example study of the farm workers and migrants must be valid and not simply be based upon biases and assumptions of researchers of the past.
Construct Validity
Application: When used and when inappropriate
Construct validity refers to the question of whether the conclusion of the study accurately reflects its construct, in short whether the purpose is translated into the study's methodology into an effective manner. It is also called translation methodology: "This approach is definitional in nature -- it assumes you have a good detailed definition of the construct and that you can check the operationalization against it" (Trochim, 2006, Measurement validity types).
Strengths focus on methodology, study design, and study is essential to constructing a good...
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