¶ … Ethiopia and their effect on U.S. Interests REASONING ASSESSMENT OF ISSUES IN ETHIOPI

Cultures within Ethiopia

Ethiopia and their ability to influence a Local Issue 5

Ethiopia Influence on Regional Issues

Issues in Ethiopia and their effect on U.S. Interests

interests inside the Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa Area of Operations

This essay explores Ethiopia and the elements of reasoning, assess the cultures within Ethiopia and their ability to influence an issue of local, regional, or global importance and its effect on U.S. interests inside the Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa Area of Operations. It also involves Ethiopia's influence on local issues such as the food famine and not to mention the regional issues such as child soldiers and the conflicting battles going on in the surrounding regions.

CRITICAL REASONING ASSESSMENT OF ISSUES IN ETHIOPI

Critical Reasoning Assessment of issues in Ethiopia and their effect on U.S. Interests

Introduction

It is clear that the nation of Ethiopia is turning out to be a country that is more and more y authoritarian and is very obvious that they are potentially confronting a convergence of challenges that will stretch the government's capability to achieve multiple emergencies. The reigning Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) party was able to endure the immediate domestic issues that came after belligerent national elections in 2005. Non-economical local votes that have been taken place over the years and the promulgation of a draft announcement to limit civil society organizations in July specify that the government is intent on developing its control. With that said, this paper will explore the cultures within Ethiopia and their ability to influence an issue of local, regional, or global importance and it's effect on U.S. interests inside the Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa Area of Operations.

Cultures within Ethiopia

The research shows that Ethiopia has many different mixes of ethnic and verbal backgrounds. Furthermore, they are a nation that has beyond 80 different ethnic groups each with its own language, culture, practice and custom. However, one of the most important areas of Ethiopian culture is their literature, this is because it represents mostly by translations that are known to come from ancient Greek and Hebrew religious texts into the ancient language Ge'ez, current Amharic and Tigrigna languages (Stuart Munro-Hay, 2009). Nevertheless, Ge'ez is one of the most antique and unique languages in the world and people of the nation are still talking in this language this very day. It is also a language that has had a huge influence locally, regionally and all over the world. Research also shows that The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church has its own sole customs and ethnicities, which have been swayed by Judaism culture. The Tigrayans' culture and history comes from the Aksumite Kingdom culture and tradition while the culture and history of the Amhara persons is resulting from the post Aksumite grand reign of Menelik II and Haile Selassie (Stuart Munro-Hay, 2009).

Ethiopia and their ability to influence a Local Issue

One local issue that Ethiopia is dealing with is the food shortage. Long-term provision of aid to those in the local areas is in need of great assistance and has been linked with fear of creating a dependency syndrome. (Lyons, 2012)however, the primary issues are that recipients will drop the incentive to work in order to improve their own livelihoods after getting assistances, or that they will purposely decrease their work efforts in order to succeed for the removal. (Webb, 2013)] In Ethiopia, food aid has been a significant device by which chronically food-insecure families live. Ethiopia is considered to be one of the biggest receivers of food aid in the world. (Wood, 2005) Because of inadequate food production and recurring food scarcities, the country has been hooked on food aid for many years.

Famine and drought are the vital drivers of food aid movements to Ethiopia. The quantity of Ethiopians that have been affected by drought and famine locally went up from 4% in the 1972-74 famine to over 30% during 2011-2012 food disaster. (Lyons, 2012)With that said, the amount of individuals necessitating food aid likewise stretched to its maximum level of about 15 million individuals in 2003. (O'Keeffe, 2010)Therefore, the quantity of food aid obligatory to alleviate the influence of famine and drought in 2002-03 was the uppermost in Ethiopian history, with an assessed quantity of 1.4 million metric loads. (Stuart Munro-Hay, 2009)

Locally, the Ethiopians have been trying to put huge investments in the food aid program....

However, the food programs were not that successful when it came down to changing up the food security circumstance for individuals in Ethiopia. In spite of decades of food aid, food uncertainty remains a key challenge in the local areas of the nation. However, the food programs have been the only thing locally that has been able to make somewhat of a difference.
In the meantime, the nation has remained one of the most food-unconfident in the world with closely half of the population being malnourished in the local areas. (Stuart Munro-Hay, 2009)In an attempt to address this local issue, the government has also had much influence because they have also introduced the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) and the Other Food Security Programs (OFSPs) in 2005 (Webb, 2013). These local programs are created so that they can bring some kind of aid to households and in return help they become more self-sufficient. Also, the PSNP program was something that took off by helping 5 million individuals; by the end of the first stage of the program in 2009, the amount of recipients had touched something like 8.3 million individuals. (O'Keeffe, 2010)

There are numerous development actors, consisting of the Ethiopian administration, seeking an explanation for the ongoing dependence locally on food aid in Ethiopia. Allegations of dependency syndrome have been controversial in the past but on the other hand have been worth investigating.

Ethiopia Influence on Regional Issues

When it comes to influences on the regional level, it is clear that there is low-level conflict going on among the OLF and government militaries. The regional areas have been flooded with child soldier issues. For instance, Ethiopian refugee children stated that they had been compulsorily drafted by the OLF in Kenya and trafficked all the way back to Ethiopia to serve as cooks and porters.

Clashes were on going in the Somali region in the long-running battle among the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF) and government forces (Stuart Munro-Hay, 2009). The Ogaden National Liberation Front were the ones that published an announcement on 4 February making the point that the AU was going to move in and then launch an investigation on human rights violations, especially supposed war crimes by government forces in the region. Admission to the Somali region for global journalists and definite humanitarian organizations was limited by the government and it continued to stay mostly unreachable. A Voice of America reporter was kicked out of Ethiopia recently after giving out reports of the clashes taking place among the government and the ONLF in the regional areas.

However, on 12 October, a peace deal was allegedly engaged among a separate group of the Ogaden National Liberation Front and the government in order to benefit the regional areas. It was described that under the agreement, associates of the group were able to get protection from the prosecution and also prisoners that have been taken by the government would be set free. However, the main ONLF group allegedly was the ones that discharged the deal as "unrelated" (O'Keeffe, 2010).

However, sometime in November, reports were established that over 200 civilians had been apprehended in the town of Degeh Bur and then moved all the way to a military prison somewhere in Jijiga (Stuart Munro-Hay, 2009). In December, it was conveyed that Ethiopian groups had scorched a village in the Qorahey zone, bringing about in the demises of three residents.

Ethiopia has also had some influence was with integration. Prime Minister Desalegn made the point that Ethiopia has already been able to make some kind of progress in regional integration, playing a "catalytic part" in putting down the infrastructural foundation for combining financial ties with the nations of the East Africa region (Adem, 2012). Also, the electric power interconnections and the road systems that they have built, and are in the method of constructing with Djibouti, Sudan, Kenya and South Sudan, are emblematic of our resolve to play our part in regional integration. They are self-assured that Somalia and others, without exclusion, will more than likely follow suit. It appears that Ethiopia has been influencing not just other regions but other nations around them when it came to this issue. "But then again our success in all this hinges on many conditions being met, all of which are not exactly amenable to our unilateral initiative." (O'Keeffe, 2010) In relation to stability and peace the challenge of radicalism in the region, he directed to his nation's neighbors South Sudan Somalia, and Sudan.

Issues in Ethiopia and their effect on U.S. Interests

It is evident that Ethiopia has been able to have strong influences on the United States. Research shows…