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¶ … errors resulting from research design?
Research studies are expensive and often time consuming for both the study's participants and observers. A study is not something that should be embarked upon casually, given that a flawed or biased design can produce an inaccurate, biased, or skewed result for the organization conducting the research. For example, over-emphasizing an ethnic group or national region in the demographic composition of the study, or relying too much upon subjective perceptions on the part of the study's takers, could result in a campaign that did not appeal to a wide audience, or cause an unpopular product may be launched nationally. A design that encourages inaccurate information about a customer demographic or a group of people to be accumulated is thus costly for the company in the short-term, and could alienate an entire customer base in the long-term, if inaccurate information becomes the crux of a new strategy, for the development of a new product line, to make just one example.
DQ3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using surveys to conduct research?
Surveys are cheaply and easily administered by the study's designers, but surveys are easily ignored when they come in the mail, or even voluntarily and in person. There is little incentive to fill in a written survey -- or fill them in accurately or in details, as there is no face-to-face contact. A personal survey is also brief, and might cause the speaker to wish to simply quickly please the survey's taker, and leave, rather than give thoughtful replies without being influenced by the taker's reactions.
DQ4. What are some examples of statistics used at your work place? What are they used for? How are they determined?
My place of business deploys statistics in the form of reports that record the increases and decrease in productivity in certain applications used by the organization. Quarterly reports record the organization's profits and loses with the aim of aiding the strategic management team in answering the questions of what the organization should do and where the organization should aspire to do in the coming moths.
Strengths/Weaknesses of the Quantitative ApproachIntroductionQuantitative research is a widely used approach in public administration research that involves the collection and analysis of numerical data. This approach has several strengths, including the ability to use probability sampling methods to select representative samples, the ability to replicate studies to verify findings, and the ability to collect large amounts of data quickly and efficiently. However, there are also limitations to quantitative research, such
Eveland's research design is quasi-experimental. The sample populations for the experiment are not randomly selected. There is structure to the experiment with more than one form of measurement during the research process. Quasi-experimental design includes multiple groups and multiple waves of measurement. While there were not a significant number of groups in the experiment, there was more than one. At more than one point in the experiment, measurements were
Validity in Quantitative Research Designs Validity Quantitative Research Designs Validity research refers extent researchers confident effect identify research fact causal relationships. If low validity a study, means research design flawed results . Threats to internal validity in quasi-experimental designs Quasi-experimental studies have several issues that lead to lack of internal validity of the study. These occur as a result of the experimental conditions not being highly controlled or randomized. This leads to intervention
E., contemporary or historical issues (Eisenhardt 1989; in Naslund, 2005); (3) the extent of control required over behavioral events in the research context (Yin 1994; as cited in Naslund, 2005); and (4) the researcher's philosophical stance, i.e., his/her understanding of the nature of social reality and how knowledge of that reality can be gained. (Naslund, 2005) Naslund (2005) states that qualitative research methods "primarily create meanings and explanations to research phenomena" and
Validity, in essence, has got to do with the extent to which a given research study measures the accuracy of a specific concept – effectively meaning that a study can be said to have passed the validity test if it accurately mirrors that which the researchers set about to investigate. In quantitative research, as Polit and Beck (2012) point out, “researchers strive to design studies that are strong with respect
Companies frequently fall in love with the data-rich results and think that the results are projectable. This supposition is wrong. Projectabilty is not possible, as the analysis is slanted and deals with a small size. Another general misapprehension is the belief that qualitative research will always give perfect deductions. Actually, the results will not give companies with perfect deductions, but only with adequate information to set up a firm