Haiti and Dominican Republic: Future Political-Economic Integration

Haiti and Dominican Republic: Future Political-Economic Integration

Haiti Dominican Republic, a future political economic integration

Domestic and regional political processes and competition between different interest groups aid in the explanation of change and development processes or lack of the two in Haiti. Political economy and analytical frameworks contribute in making links between the underlying factors and the impact of development in a public manner. Each country has bodies charged with the aim of promoting political and economic integration with an aim of achieving positive results and limiting the negative impact

A combination of political and economic integration promotes sustainability of a country or nation by generation of higher income and facilitation of clean energy. It also promotes peace and harmony in the country and between the country and its neighbours. However, economic integration may cause degradation of natural resources because of exploitation and bring inequity in the region. All that determines the outcome of economic and political integration are the policy enacted to guide and guard the process. Development and enactment of effective environmental policies may bring both negative and positive impact of Haiti Dominican Republic integration. This indicates that economic and regional integration highly promotes sustainable in Haiti and its neighbouring countries. To ensure a successful or a positive impact political and economic integration, there are certain approaches, which are deployable. The approaches are as discussed in this work

Political economy approach

There are a number of political and economy approaches and conceptual approaches at the disposal for political and economic integration. These approaches may have different factors or details, but they have quite a number of vital features in common. The main aim of these approaches is to explore the outcome of the underlying causes of positive or poor development impact. A number of the available approaches focus on the interest and incentives that face significant political and economic actors. These assessments help to uncover and understand political will and the availability of certain choices of policy. It also helps to uncover the groups, elites, and leaders involved in economic and political integration. The approaches also uncover the factors such as institutions, culture, and religion among others involved in the process of integration. They focus on the implantation arrangements to put in place for the facilitation of the integration process and maximizing the positive effect of the same process

A number of the political economy approaches refer to the interrelation between three factors, which interact together and influence the development and changes in a number of ways.

These factors include the following:

A.

Foundational and structural features: These factors shape the character of the state or country and its political system. They may include a history of the state formation, geography, and state revenue sources. These factors change slow with time but have enormous significance on the stability of a state.

B.

The interplay between formal and informal institutions: Institutions are the backbone of the game. They set out the rules followed in the game for integration purposes. Rules can are open to change and formalization on the contrary, the case of the formal institution, only understanding the rules is required. An individual focuses to understand the interaction of the formal institutions with the formal ones such as cultural and social norms. These factors can be confusing since they are invincible and maybe lightly taken into consideration. This calls for attentiveness and focus when dealing with these factors

C.

Since both the formal and informal rules of the game plays a significant role in shaping and mediating political and economic interactions and the creation of incentives or obstacles, this makes the process of integration crucial and for development. It also affects the potential of these factors to work collectively as at team.

These policies and approaches have applied and recorded success in a number of countries in southern Asia; this makes them practicable in Haiti. Researchers have applied these concepts in some areas resulting in a number of insights that may speed up and enrich the concept and idea, which may enrich the discussion or debates concerning regional integration. Some of the applicable concepts and ideas in the discussions include the ones discussed below in this section. Politics is to be taken as a contestation and bargaining power interest groups over rights, access and uses of resources. This implies that politics acts as the bridge between rights and democracy and is vital for development processes. Bad governance means poor politics and hence low development process. The nature of political knowledge and the political and economic elites plays a vital role in the integration of a country. This implies that individuals who have majored in the political and economic field are the ones who spearhead the integration process

A nation with many intellects in this field has the higher chances of speedy integration process than the ones having few or no intellects in the political field. There is urgency and need to identify and allocate more roles in of the sub-groups and sub-sectors in the integrations process. Allocating specific roles for the sub-groups in the integration role makes it much easier for one to notice the groups that fight for the integration process and the ones dragging the process. This makes it easier for implementations and correction in such areas for the betterment of the process. Dividing roles for different sub-groups also makes it easier to track the performance level and progress of each sector in the integration process. The economic processes that bring about the distribution and generation of wealth are significant for economic and political integration. This means that activities that monopolise distribution and generation of funds and resources are undermining factors for the integration process. Activities that do not generate funds also slow down the process of economic and political integration. This calls for Haiti to invest in activities that generates funds and distributes the same equally. The way by which a state or nation generates its revenues and the nature of the revenues is also crucial and have an impact on the integration process

The natures of the revenues include taxes, rents, unearned income including donor aid among other forms of revenues collected in the state. A nation, which has low revenue collection, has poor or slow political economic process and vice versa. Reforms in the institutions of a country also dictate the process of political economic integration. Poor reforms initiative implies poor integration while speedy, transparent and well-monitored policy reforms processes make the process of political economic integration faster. Impact of the global and regional drivers on the domestic political economy also dictates the process of integration. In cases where the impact of the global and regional on the local political economy is negative, the integration process becomes slow and vice versa. A number of external interventions and interruptions that bases on assumptions concerning modification or renovation processes fail as outside actors repeatedly ignore these political economy underpinnings

(ii). Objectives

Political and economic integration is a vital factor in the development and stability of a country, and it deserves treatment with the attention and seriousness it requires. Political economic integration in Haiti has the objectives as discussed in this section of this work.

1.

To dismiss the prevailing logic of best practice and replace it with the analytical approach. This process aims at prioritizing the analytical approach over the common normative practice approach. This initiative aims at bringing about more scrutiny since it involves analysis of the entire approach resulting in a more informed and results-based feedback.

2.

It aims at creating awareness on the roles of regional and global community on the domestic political and economic integration process. This involves the creations made by the global and regional collaborates on the domestic integration process and may involve economic and political contributions.

3.

To create awareness on the potential and importance of learning, by switching the normative approach with the analytical approach, this process ensures that people adapt to change, embrace learning, and value the importance of learning.

4.

Another objective is to create awareness and space for dialogue in the process of integration. This brings about uniformity and combined workforce, which results in the realisation of the target.

All these 'objectives revolve around the realization of a positive impact of political economy integration in Haiti.

Region organization

The regional organization of Haiti and Dominican Republic appear in a way that the citizens from both the countries could easily access the other country. In addition, the borders were open to citizens from both countries due to labor purposes. Some citizens worked across the borders therefore there was no reason to lock up the boundaries. The adjacent location of the two countries contributes greatly to the economy of both countries. The two countries depend on each other mutually ranging from the relationship in the trade and labor sector. The Dominican Republic mostly supports Haiti by providing the relief food. This is because Haiti is poorer than the Dominican Republic therefore the Haitians mostly worked as labourers in Dominican Republic

The Haitians provided labour in the Dominican Republican in order for the boost in their economy and as nationality. The citizens wanted to achieve better livelihood for their countries so they had to labour hard and in exchange, the Dominican Republic would provide the necessities and the other necessary materials such as medication or the clothing in times of the incident of the earthquake. During the Trujillo era, Haiti was the leading country of the two the economy declined due to the rivals and the competition between the two countries. This rivals led to the introduction of the army forces to take care of the regime leading to a substantive war between the two countries leading to hatred that later subsided due to the development of the cordial relationship between the two countries. This brought back the mutuality making the countries relate into a one union and making them exchange everything making them the key partners in the trade. Haiti depends more on Dominican Republican even on the basic stuff such as the food security

After this bondage, the two countries linked up and became very close trade allies leading to good relations between the two countries. The coup against President Aristide led to the opening of the border leading to the free trade across the borders. The Haitian boost contribution led to the development of the trade making it capable to enjoy the fruits of the inter-country trade. The Dominicans benefited from this trade and came up with the necessary business skills that led to the creation of a business flow that entailed materials such as the eggs, fertilizers and the building materials that include the steel metals, concrete and the cement. This was the major good products in Haiti and therefore it encouraged the business and overall relation of the two countries. This has made Dominican Republic a better country since only the exports and imports in and out of Haiti sums up to $700 to $1,000 annually

The trade between the two countries only benefited the Dominican Republic mostly due to lack of a stable government in Haiti. Haiti has an unstable government and corrupt custom attendants who pocket almost all the profits of the country. This weakens the country's economy record less profits than the Dominican Republic that has the best organization. After the war, the blacks and the poor people majorly moved to the Haiti and the Dominican Republic leading to the side lining them by the other developed countries. This difference contributed to the poor economy and the interdependence within the two countries without interference from other developed countries.

Goals of the approaches in Haiti Dominican Republican

Hispaniola is the Caribbean island shared by two independent states, that is, the Dominican Republic and Haiti. It is an island capable of supporting more than 15 million people in comparison to any other West Indian Island. Hispaniola is a reflection of the Caribbean microcosms of cultural, social, political, economic and language variations that features the region's history, with ensuing disintegration of their societies. Nevertheless, the two countries share a similar biodiversity, similar ecological nature and a similar Island ecosystem. In addition, the two countries also share unfavourable effects of natural adversities that happen not especially in the region (e.g. hurricanes, earthquakes, floods), resulting to substantial economic effects and human death rate in both countries

The susceptibility of local economies and populations to the negative impacts of tropical storms (which have elevated in occurrence and strength during the past years) is often provoked by the abridged safety of natural buffers due to negligence of coastal areas and watersheds. This section discusses some of the roles or rather goals that the identified approaches plays in ensuring that Haiti Dominican Republic succeeds in future political economic integration

The approaches identified in this discussion are very significant for the success of an improved political and economic integration in Haiti Dominican Republic. They provide a good framework in which these two countries can lay their foundation without uncertainties. They assure continuity of developments and reinforce the stability of both the economic and political phenomena between these countries. The approaches play a larger role in ensuring that the strategies applied gives a more informed work and are task oriented. This means that prior to integrating the approaches there is need to evaluate the environmental issues around this two countries. For this reason, it is very essential to embrace these approaches with much seriousness, since they determine the success of the integration. In addition, the approaches employed in creating a good relationship in Haiti Dominican Republic assist in informing the regional and global community on the significance of integration. In essence, these two countries encounter numerous challenges in their member countries, for instance, geological factors have adversely affected the well-being of both Haiti and Dominican.

There is therefore, the need for the two countries to have a combined effort in terms of their strengths in order to overcome the historical challenges. Regardless of even the slightly high, increase in natural calamities, both in terms of meteorological and seismic phenomena, there is a high mortality rate caused by earthquakes in Haiti. This tremendous factor drives the country into joining hands with Dominican in order to fight those challenges. The approaches applied in Haiti Dominican Republic ought to provide civic education in learning about the political arena. Haiti has a history of dynamism in regime changes, political hostility, weak leadership integrated with high population density.

On the other hand, low incomes requires an increase in remuneration since this has huge negative impacts on the nations capacity to prepare, manage, defend against and recuperate from effects of tropical cyclones and earthquakes. Therefore, these approaches are essential to respond to the local demands through nature protection standards, including educating the public, and other legal measures to ascertain environmental preservation and participatory forest organization

(v). Key dimensional of your approach

The significant key dimensional of the specified approach examines the aforementioned concept of a future political economic integration structure and the challenges to the social relations and the economic approach in Haiti Dominican Republic. The structure of Haiti Dominican Republic society allows the successful incorporation of the approach modules following its internal structure relating to its principal operations aimed at a future political economic integration. The approach work in reliance to the set targets with changes expected to fit the requirements for maximum operational challenges. With the social, economic, and Geopolitical dimension, the approaches enable the determination of the relative outcome of economic and political integration in relation to the policy enacted in the process. These approaches may have different factors or details, but they have quite a number of vital features in common. The nature of political knowledge and the political and economic elites plays a vital role in the integration of a country.

The political economy approaches and conceptual approaches at the disposal for political and economic integration will enable the development of the future political economic integration infrastructure system. Prioritizing the aspect of the dimensional system of the approaches is another significant policy strategy that will enable the integration of the future political economic perspective. After the constructive apprehension of the specified approaches, the Haiti Dominican Republic will record an increment in the aspect of investment through foreign elements venturing into business. This is to enable the future political economic integration structure formation with policies prioritizing the development of the system infrastructure in order to attract significant development of the approaches towards the achievement of the set priorities

The approaches as specified in the discussion have significance in the aspect of an improved political and economic integration in Haiti Dominican Republic. They enable the provision of a good framework in which the two countries lay their foundation without uncertainties following the consideration of the social, economic, and Geopolitical dimension. They relatively contribute to the fundamental continuity of developments with an aspect of reinforcing the expected stability of both the economic and political phenomena amid the countries. The approaches framework play a fundamental role in ensuring that the specified strategies applicable in the collaborative efforts of the approaches gives relatively informed work and are task oriented aspect.

In the essence of the approaches application to the dimensional framework, the Haiti Dominican Republic encountered numerous challenges have adversely affected the well-being of both Haiti and Dominican. The approaches applicable in Haiti Dominican Republic enable the provision of a way through in handling the elements related to the political arena. Therefore, these approaches are fundamental in responding to the local demands through nature protection standards, inclusive of the education aspect to the public, and other legal measures considered ascertaining environmental preservation and participatory forest organization

All the aspects that determine the outcome of economic and political integration includes the enacted policies in guiding and guarding the process. This initiative aims at bringing about more scrutiny since it involves analysis of the entire approach resulting in a more informed and results-based feedback. The relative creation of awareness and space for dialogue perspectives in the process of integration brings about uniformity and combined workforce, which results in the realization of the targeted relativity. Reforms in the institutions of a country also dictate the process of political economic integration

In cases where the impact of the global and regional on the local political economy is negative, the integration process becomes slow and vice versa. Allocating specific roles for the sub-groups in the integration role makes it much easier for one to notice the groups that fight for the integration process and the ones dragging the process. Some of the applicable concepts and ideas in the discussions include the ones discussed below in this section. The focus on the aspect of implantation arrangements for the facilitation of the integration process and maximizing of the positive effect of the same process is significant.

The promotion of the integration process aims at encouraging the citizens of the Haiti Dominican Republic to make investments in the country political infrastructure. This body ought to be a facilitator for investments rather than a bureaucracy, which has to overcome. It should consider the necessary skills for conducting investment promotion with the investors and business partners. The Haiti Dominican Republic work closely with the local agencies in the effort to promote foreign business partners to make investments in the country political arena to hence its work is successful. Management and running of the specified agency is free from any political interference hence it is partial in all it business work. This makes it healthy for all the transaction or the promotion work since the prospect investors have trust in the institution

(v).Things to do to concrete the approach

Political economy approach seeks to unravel the critical factors of country's leadership and economy that strengthen relations between individuals and the state as well as relations between one state and another. In order to accomplish success with this kind of approach, there should be equitable allocation of resources. Politics of the state leaders should better the lives of people within a county's borders. In essence, political economy makes easier for countries to relate with each other and countries all over the world to achieve both their short-term and long-term goals. Good political and economy relations between leaders together with their subjects facilitate service delivery. Haiti and Dominican are rich in various resources. Haiti is particularly a tourist destination site. It records colossal amounts of revenue through the sector that has seen its economy achieve tremendous growth. The process of strengthening relations between individuals and those in positions of leadership would influence. The reality of political and economic integration of Haiti and Dominican explains their strong relations in various matters that touch on progress of both countries

Despite the emerging challenges that are likely to affect the economic integration, leaders for both countries have always been in the frontline in dealing with such differences. Political economists are concerned with allocation of scarce resources in a world of infinite wants and needs. To facilitate the approach, it would be pertinent to look at the potentialities of each country in terms of resources. Social and cultural integration would also be an important step that the approach can adopt to enhance political integration between the two neighbours. Cultural integration is a fundamental tool the two countries should adopt amid indications of diversity in other aspects of economy and society. Each country has a role to create employment opportunities for its own citizens whilst the surpluses go those from neighbouring country equally in search for jobs. The more job chances an economy create for its people, the more production opportunities it is likely to accomplish. This will in effect facilitate help the two Caribbean countries realize some of the fundamental goals of strengthening their association as well as integration plans. With a population of just over nine million, Haiti has the potential to achieve the primary goals and foundation of its economy. Its relatively enormous human resource base would allow it expand utilization and production processes. They would be in a better position to beat set guidelines without compromising the quality of products from their own local mechanisms. As a tourist attraction site, Haiti portrays a young economy with abundant tourist resources that could earn it foreign exchange

The revenues of the hospitality sector could be injected into other sectors of economy to help enhance production processes and service delivery to the people of the Republic of Haiti. If the economy of either of the two countries produces more than the local can consume over given period, the country has a chance to export such commodities or services to its neighbour. The more an economy produces, the more likely it is going to create surplus for export to other countries within Caribbean region and beyond. Political economy dictates that the relations between state and its citizens must achieve certain amount of strengthen to facilitate not only service delivery but also promote cohesion and integration among its citizens. The public should find a convincing action taken by the government especially in attempting to expand infrastructure or injecting more money into projects that many citizens always considered less important for the well-being of the society. Achievements of a state would generally not be measurable by the size but availability of resources and willingness by citizens to utilize the resources to produce other resources.

By focusing the evolution of political and economic ideas, it would be much easier to ascertain the fundamental similarities as well as variations between the two countries. While a country such as Haiti might have devastating economic history, the Dominican Republic could have quite encouraging and motivating performance and economy. Political economy accomplished a number of gains from owing to interdisciplinary application of various approaches along with concepts that originated from the study of politics, sociology, economics, history, and philosophy.

These policies and approaches have applied and recorded success in a number of countries in southern Asia; this makes them practicable in Haiti. Researchers have applied these concepts in some areas resulting in a number of insights that may speed up and enrich the concept and idea, which may enrich the discussion or debates concerning regional integration. Some of the applicable concepts and ideas in the discussions include the ones discussed below in this section. Politics as a mere contest and bargaining power interest groups over rights, access and uses of resources. This implies that politics acts as the bridge between rights and democracy and is vital for development processes. Bad governance means poor politics and hence low development process

Each country depends on various forms of revenue that include taxes, rents, unearned income including donor aid among other forms of revenues collected in the state. A nation, which has low revenue collection, has poor or slow political economic process and vice versa. Reforms in the institutions of a country also dictate the process of political economic integration. Poor reforms initiative implies poor integration while speedy, transparent and well-monitored policy reforms processes make the process of political economic integration faster. Impact of the global and regional drivers on the domestic political economy also dictates the process of integration. In cases where the impact of the global and regional on the local political economy is negative, the integration process becomes slow and vice versa. A number of external interventions and interruptions that bases on assumptions concerning modification or renovation processes fail as outside actors repeatedly ignore these political economy underpinnings.

Apparently, determinants of the outcome of economic and political integration are the policies enacted to guide and streamline the process. Development and enactment of effective environmental policies may bring both negative and positive impact of Haiti Dominican Republic integration. This indicates that economic and regional integration highly promotes sustainable in Haiti and its neighbouring countries. The skill and knowledge applied by financial and tax pundits would illuminate the entire process and help in creating understanding of the modalities of integration. Although Dominican is less populous compared to Haiti, it has potential to surpass level of production of its neighbours. It is time the two countries invested resources in boosting the level of production. Each country should focus on not only consumption but also actively p[participate as producers of goods that they consume

(vii). Kind of process or solutions

In the aspect of the specified approaches, the solutions deemed significant include:

The mobilization of the Haiti Dominican Republic communities for social change

All the partners involved in the development of the Haiti Dominican Republic should work closely within the community-based framework to strengthen the relativity in addressing the needs at every level. During the strategy period, the partners will work together systematically inclusive of the right-holders to the corresponding greater extent at every level of suggested program development, evaluation and implementation through the use for instance the mobilization framework. The focus on the crosscutting income generation and livelihood forms the key to the mobilization of the Haiti Dominican Republic communities and is to make the programs more sustainable. Focusing on the concrete issues also will enable the provision of the concrete entry point for empowerment, collaboration, and capacity development.