Introduction
The environmental peril to the earth in the present day is greater and more severe compared to any other given time in human history. Canada is one of the nations that have been significantly impacted by climate change. Imperatively, average temperatures in the nation have already risen by 1.7 degrees Celsius in the past seven decades. Unrelenting intensification of warming at high latitudes is anticipated under all circumstances of impending climate change (Clean Technica, 2018). Higher temperatures together with greater levels of rainfall, rising sea levels will be perceptible. It is projected that in the forthcoming century, warmer rainwaters and ocean acidification will become progressively more evident. Canada has experienced a greater rate of warming as compared to other expanses in the world, especially in the arctic region in the far north and also in the west. This warming has been most noticeable in the seasons of winter and spring. This is giving rise to significant impacts throughout the nation and comprise of sea-level rise, severe and extreme weather conditions as well as permafrost and ice melt in the Arctic (Clean Technica, 2018). The main objective of this paper is to comprehensively examine the impact of climate change on Canada.

Health Impacts

Resident indigenous populaces of Arctic Canada are distinctively susceptible to climate change owing to their close association with, and reliance on, the land, sea and natural resources for their welfare. Climate changes have a significant impact on the health of the population. The direct health threats from climate change comprise of morbidity as well as mortality emanating from increasing severe events such as flooding, storms and increased heat and cold, together with an increased prevalence of injury and mortality linked with erratic ice and storm circumstances (Dudley et al., 2015: 716). The indirect health impacts of climate change comprise of heightened mental and social stress associated with changes in the environment, prospective changes in bacterial and viral illnesses, together with declined accessibility to quality water sources. A number of parts in the Arctic region are at risk for increasing sickness as a result of deteriorating sanitation infrastructure emanating from changes in permafrost together with storm surges. Anticipated warming will have an impact on the aspects of transporting, distributing and behavior of toxins and contaminants, further negatively impacting the wellbeing of the customary food supply and possibly accumulating human exposure. Higher levels of temperatures at lower latitudes will lead to a rise in volatisation of impurities bringing about amplified distribution of contaminants to the Arctic (Parkinson and Evengard, 2009).

Economic Impacts

Arctic Canada is also experiencing the economic costs of climate change. The real and increasing costs are presently being experienced in two major areas including the economic and financial effect of progressively more extreme weather and the impact on public infrastructure. According to Hodgson (2018), climate change has substantially affected the property and casualty insurance industry of the nation, with direct implications for the insurance companies and their clientele. In recent times, the increasing frequency of extreme weather events...…Nonetheless, in spite of the fact that this has prompted a business opportunity, at the same time there is the increasing concern of growing levels of pollution and waste, disruption to animals, and interruption of everyday life and traditional activities in local communities. This gives rise to the deliberations regarding the likelihoods and ways of handling Arctic tourism activities sustainably (Stephen, 2018).

Conclusion

The Arctic makes up just about 40percent of the landmass in Canada and just over 60 percent of the nation’s coastline. As a result of climate change, the Arctic is changing at a significant rate, one that was not perceived in preceding generations. Notably, the region is becoming warmer at a rate that is twice the average global rate. This has resulted in an impact on different aspects. From a physical environmental perspective, the sea ice, which forms the base of the Arctic life, is substantially melting, thereby transforming the reality of the region. These changes are impacting the communities, presenting both opportunities and challenges. Some of the prospects include economic growth and jobs in regard to oil and gas development, increased shipping an also fisheries. In contrast, some of the perceptible and impending challenges include the risk placed on wildlife as animals find difficulty in adapting to the new area, altering food accessibility as well as new predators and rivals. There are also the challenges of pollution in terms of oil spills, disruption to communities and introduction of hostile species.