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Joe Schmoe
Business 1010
Dr. Somebody
Define personality and discuss its general role in influencing organizational behavior.
Personality is the psychological characteristics that influence the way people react to other individuals, situations, and problems in their environment. Personality influences an organization the most in "weak" situations where roles and rules are unclear. In "strong" situations where roles and rules are more strictly defined, personality has less of an impact.
Describe the dispositional, situational, and interactionist approach to organizational behavior.
According to the dispositional approach, people's characteristics influence their attitudes and behaviors, while in the situational approach, the traits of the organization influence people's attitudes and behavior. The interactionist approach marries the two and says that organizational behavior is a result of the interaction of dispositions and situations.
Discuss the consequences of locus of control, self-monitoring, and self-esteem.
People with an external locus of control see their lives as controlled by fate, luck, and other, more powerful people. "Internals" believe their lives are products of self-initiative, personal actions, and free will. People with an internal locus of control feel better about their jobs, maintain a higher income, achieve higher positions in a hierarchy, perceive less stress, and plan their careers carefully because they feel these things are within their power to control.
People low in self-monitoring act how they feel and say what they think with little regard to the situation. People...
Organizations do better with a workforce with high self-esteem because these people tend to make more satisfying career decisions, show fulfillment in their jobs, and are generally more resilient.
4. Discuss positive and negative affectivity, proactive personality, general self-efficacy, and core self-evaluations.
Positive affectivity is where people look at things in a positive light and negative is just the opposite. The principle here is that positive people like their jobs and negative people are constantly stressed out.
A proactive personality means one actively tries to affect one's environment and this trait is directly correlated with job performance, stress tolerance, effective leadership, participation in initiatives, team work, entrepreneurship, and career success.
General self-efficacy (GSE) refers to the belief in a person's ability to perform successfully in multifarious situations. People with high GSE adapt well and have higher job satisfaction and performance.
Self-esteem, GSE, locus of control, and neuroticism make up a person's core self-evaluations, which refers to a broad personality concept that embodies the evaluations people make about themselves and their self-worth. This, like everything else, is positively related to job satisfaction and performance as well as life satisfaction.
5. Define…
Cross-Cultural Psychology Cultural psychology concerns itself with the significant links or connections that there are between the psychology of individuals within a culture and their psychology. Cultural psychology emphasizes on the relevance of human behavior to understanding the psychology of the individual if only the sociocultural setting and context in which the behavior occurs. One good instance of this is the way religious views about extramarital activities shapes the behavior and
Cross-Cultural Psychology in West Is West Culture affects the psychology of an individual because it prescribes certain norms and values that affect the perceptions, attitudes and behaviors of an individual. Culture varies by geography and philosophical traditions. As technology makes geographical barriers irrelevant, people from diverse cultures are brought close together resulting in frequent interaction. An understanding of cross-cultural differences can help to make these interactions productive opportunities for personal and
The practice attempts to explain how the human psyche is influenced by the diverse cultures around it, as well as how the common patterns which are shared between such diverse groups portray innate aspects of human nature. It aims to understand individual cultures and their differences from other cultures "to generate a more nearly universal psychology that will be valid for a broader range of cultures," (Berry et al.
cultural psychology and cross-cultural psychology are closely linked and interrelated, yet offer distinct methodologies permitting the most nuanced understanding of the diversity of human experiences. Cultural psychology generally uses the tools of ethnography and other anthropological methods when gathering data, and may also use case studies and other qualitative research as well. On the other hand, cross-cultural psychology applies quantitative measures that have been standardized, enabling a rigorous data
Cross-Cultural Communication With increased competition being witnessed in many industries, Multinational companies are setting shop to new foreign markets as a way of increasing their profitability and remaining competitive. Many countries have liberalized their markets, and present advancement in technologies has made it easy for companies to open new branches in foreign markets. However, this also comes with it challenges, particularly relating to cross-cultural communication. Effective cross-cultural communication is very important
In that regard, fundamentally different interactions between the genders is one element of cultural practices that differs most substantially from national culture to culture and even among individuals of different ethnic or religious backgrounds within the dominant national culture. Typically, individuals of Muslim and Jewish religious traditions (and others) avoid any incidental or polite physical contact between members of the opposite gender, even though such gestures (like handshaking) might be