Logic Paraphrase: \"There Are Reasons

Logic

Paraphrase: "There are reasons to be upset at the existence of the wealth gap: it creates political instability, violent crime, shortened life spans, and is simply unfair." The only major change made I turning the rhetorical question ("Why decry the wealth gap?") into a statement that clearly expresses the author's intent and meaning. The paraphrase more clearly lays out the argument largely because of this starting point, however it was already fairly explicit and arguably more rhetorically effective in its original form.

An editorial in the April 13 New York Times argues that greater federal regulation of the mining industry is needed in order to prevent mine disasters and limit the deaths caused by future accidents through greater safety procedures. The basic premise is that there is are no effective means for ensuring compliance with current safety standards, as evidenced by the repeated violations at the Upper Big Branch mine in West Virginia where an explosion killed twenty-nine men. The conclusion is that greater federal oversight and regulation will ensure greater safety by preventing similar accidents and loss of life.

3)

The three basic functions of language are informational ("The door is open."), expressive ("Open doors seem vulnerable.") and directive ("Close the door.").

4)

The anthropogenic cause of global warming is a source of real disagreement in the political and scientific spheres -- though the Earth is warming, it could be due to natural causes. All arguments amongst politicians concerning "what the American people want" are merely verbal, as the American people clearly do not think with a unified mind but rather want many different and often mutually exclusive things. The argument over gun control, recently heard in the Supreme Court, seems purely verbal as it dissects the text of the Second Amendment, but it is very genuine in its effects and thus in its substance. These arguments differ based on the amount of information on which they are founded.

5)

Extensive definitions identify collections of objects/concepts to which the word applies: "Bears, sheep, rats, and humans are all mammals." An ostensive definition occurs in gesture, providing the same example set but with total ambiguity: "That, that, and that are all mammals." A quasi-ostensive definition adds description to the definition, but ambiguity is still retained: "These hair-covered creatures who give birth live are mammals."

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